An interventional study of Time restricted feeding and Caloric restriction in Metabolic Health, sponsored by University of Nottingham. Completed at 1 site in United Kingdom. Open to male participants aged 18 Years to 35 Years, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2019-09-09.
Sponsored by University of Nottingham · Not applicable, Interventional, and Prevention
In the modern era, food access is widely available and it is not uncommon for the time between breakfast and a late night snack to exceed 14 hours. The investigators are interested in studying whether limiting this window to 8 hours will have any beneficial effects of human health as has been demonstrated in animal models. Eight men were asked to restrict their energy intake window to between 8 am and 4 pm for two weeks whilst maintaining their habitual diet (quantity and composition). Improvements in skeletal muscle and whole-body insulin sensitivity were observed but these were potentially confounded by an average weight loss of 1 kg. Therefore an additional control group was recruited to follow a daily caloric deficit of \~400 kilocalories without changing the timing of intake.
All participants were monitored for a one week baseline period to establish their habitual physical activity and dietary patterns. This was done using food diaries, interstitial glucose monitors and a combined heart rate + accelerometer device. Participants consumed a standardised evening meal \~12h before visiting the laboratory to assess their metabolic response to a liquid test meal (1g/kg bodyweight dextrose and 0.4g/kg bodyweight protein) using the arterio-venous forearm balance model. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scans, indirect calorimetry measurements and fasted and postprandial vastus lateralis biopsies were also obtained.
From the next day, participants either restricted their daily energy intake window to between 8 am and 4 pm or were prescribed a caloric deficit diet (\~400 kilocalories/day) for two weeks. Physical activity, interstitial glucose concentrations and dietary patterns were monitored throughout. After this, participants visited the laboratory again to assess changes in metabolism and body composition.
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Participants restricted their daily energy intake window to between 8 am and 4 pm for two weeks. They were encouraged to not alter the quantity and composition of their diet or alter physical activity patterns.
Behavioral: Time restricted feeding
The investigators observed significant weight loss in the TRF group with participants reporting to consume \~400 kilocalories less per day. Therefore the investigators added a caloric deficit group to control for the effects of weight loss on metabolism. Total energy expenditure was measured for one week and was used to prescribe a 400 kilocalories/day energy deficit diet to follow for two weeks.
Behavioral: Caloric restriction
Restrict energy intake window to between 8am and 4pm
Follow a prescribed daily energy deficit of 400 kilocalories without altering nutrient timing
Change in glucose uptake
The arterio-venous forearm balance method was used to assess skeletal muscle glucose uptake in micromoles/min.
Time frame: Pre and post intervention (15 days apart). Fasted blood samples and every 10 min for 3 hours following consumption of carbohydrate + protein drink
Change in branched chain amino acid uptake
The arterio-venous forearm balance method was used to assess skeletal muscle branched chain amino acid uptake in micromoles/min.
Time frame: Pre and post intervention (15 days apart). Fasted blood samples and every 10 min for 3 hours following consumption of carbohydrate + protein drink
Change in whole-body insulin sensitivity
The Matsuda Index was used to calculate an index of whole-body insulin sensitivity using values of fasted and postprandial glucose and insulin. Measured in arbitrary units and higher values indicates increased insulin sensitivity. All individual changes will be reported.
Time frame: Pre and post intervention (15 days apart).
Change in body composition
Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scans to assess changes in fat mass in kg
Time frame: Pre and post intervention (15 days apart)
Change in body composition
Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scans to assess changes in fat-free mass in kg
Time frame: Pre and post intervention (15 days apart)
Change in substrate metabolism
Rates of oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production were measured using indirect calorimetry. These were used to calculate rates of fat and carbohydrate metabolism in grams/min.
Time frame: Pre and post intervention (15 days apart). In each condition there was one measurement in the fasted state and two measurements in the postprandial state.
Plan to share: No
This study is completed, as verified in Sep 2019. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.
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