ClinicalTrials.gg
RecruitingNCT03966027Diabetic AnkleUpdated Aug 3, 2026

Immediate Vs. Delayed Weight Bearing Postoperative Protocol in Diabetic Ankle Fractures

An interventional study of Postoperative protocol (Immediate weight bearing) and Postoperative Protocol (Delayed Weight Bearing) in Ankle Fractures, sponsored by Kyle Schweser MD. Recruiting at 1 site in United States. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-08-03.

Sponsored by Kyle Schweser MD · Not applicable, Interventional, and Treatment

From the registry’s dates

  • Started Aug 2020; still recruiting 6 years 3 months later.
Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
25
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Where this study stands

Counted across the records on this site · 2026-11-12

Among 60 studies in Ankle Fractures with a site in United States — 16 open to participants now, 20 under way, none of them phase 3. Ankle Fractures · United States.

Planned enrollment
34th of 49
25 · median 55
Started
2020
with 4 others
No phase
37 of 60
13 open now
Primary completion
2027-06
later than 13 of 19 live
Registered
32nd of 60
by date

Among the 60 studies in Ankle Fractures with a site in United States, this one is the 34th largest by planned enrollment of the 49 interventional ones that give a count, is one of 5 that started in 2020, is one of 37 with no phase, reaches primary completion later than 13 of the 19 other live ones, and was the 32nd registered.

Ankle Fractures

202 studies on the registry are indexed under Ankle Fractures; 44 are open to participants now.

Browse Ankle Fractures studies →

Open to participants now

16 of the 60 studies in Ankle Fractures with a site in United States are open now. Recruiting first, the newest first:

10 more — sign in →

All 16 open studies →

A study can be open while its sites in United States have not opened yet or have stopped. Only those recruiting at a site in United States →

Who these studies take

Of the 31 Ankle Fractures studies recruiting now, 14 (45%) set no upper age limit and 12 (39%) stop at 75 or younger; 4 take children under 18; 3 take healthy volunteers.

This study: 18 Years and older · all sexes · no healthy volunteers.

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02

Study summary

Operatively managed diabetic ankle fractures have significant risk for complications. The cause for failure is likely multifactorial, however, a component of failure has to do with an inability to process pain and pressure normally. This loss of protective sensation allows for an increase in abnormal stresses placed on the recently repaired fractures. Historically, diabetics have been kept non weight bearing for extended periods of time, which has its own functional and cardiovascular issues. The purpose of the study is to determine if a protocol of immediate weight bearing with a hindfoot offloading brace after surgically corrected ankle fracture in a diabetic patient will maintain adequate motion, have no difference in complications when compared to regular non-immediate weight bearing protocols, and lead to good outcome scores and patient satisfaction scores

Read the detailed description

Operatively managed diabetic ankle fractures have significant risk for complications. The cause for failure is likely multifactorial, however, a component of failure has to do with an inability to process pain and pressure normally. This loss of protective sensation allows for an increase in abnormal stresses placed on the recently repaired fractures. Historically, diabetics have been kept non weight bearing for extended periods of time, which has its own functional and cardiovascular issues. The purpose of the study is to determine if a protocol of immediate weight bearing with a hindfoot offloading brace after surgically corrected ankle fracture in a diabetic patient will maintain adequate motion, have no difference in complications when compared to regular non-immediate weight bearing protocols, and lead to good outcome scores and patient satisfaction scores

Patients will be recruited from the trauma and foot \& ankle service lines. Patients who have experienced an isolated ankle fracture (excluding pilon fracture) and will undergo operative fixation within 3 weeks of injury will be approached for consent. Patients will then be screened based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Up to 25 patients will be enrolled

The following protocol will be applied after enrollment

  1. Pre-operatively

    a. Hemoglobin A1c will also be collected from each patient if it has not been performed within the last 30 days.

  2. Post-operatively a. Post-surgery i. Standard of Care:

1. Placement into short leg, non-weight bearing splint to allow for wound healing and brace fabrication ii. Research Specific:

1. Fitted for brace (will be custom made and take approximately 1-2 weeks) b. 2 week visit (standard of care timepoint) i. Standard of Care:

  1. Placed into compression stockings
  2. Counseling regarding skin checks and diabetic skin care
  3. Physical therapy prescription given ii. Research Specific

1. Placement into brace so it offloads the hindfoot to 15 pounds of pressure or less 2. Education by prosthetist, physiatrist, and/or attending physician about proper brace wear and maintenance, and the importance of weight bearing only in brace.

c. 3 Week visit (not standard of care timepoint) i. Research Specific

1. Ankle radiographs d. 4 weeks, 6 weeks, 12 Weeks, 26 weeks, and 1 year visits (standard of care time points) i. Standard of Care

  1. Surveys (PROMIS, AAOS Foot and Ankle)
  2. Ankle Radiographs ii. Research Specific

1. Counseling regarding brace wear 2. Brace adjustments as needed e. 8 week, 10 week, 14 week, 16 week, (non-standard of care biweekly visits until healing occurs) i. Research Specific

  1. Ankle Radiographs (if early failure is suspected)
  2. Skin Check

Upon study completion, patients will continue with post-operative rehab following the surgeon's standard of care. If a patients is removed prematurely or if the study ends prematurely, they will receive standard of care procedures going forward

03

Conditions studied

  • Ankle Fractures

Browse trials for

Keywords

  • Diabetic Ankle Fractures
04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  1. Adults 18 and ove
  2. Positive for diabetes
  3. Positive monofilament test
  4. Isolated ankle fracture (non-pilon) and undergoing operative intervention within 3 weeks of fracture
  5. Weight less than 275 (124kg)
  6. Can tolerate and comply with brace
  7. No signs of pre-existing charcot arthroplasty or ankle deformity

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. Children
  2. Pregnant patients
  3. No signs of diabetes complicated by neuropathy
  4. Non-operative ankle fractures
  5. Multiple extremity injury
  6. Cannot follow post-operative protocol
  7. Chronic ankle fractures receiving surgery beyond 3 weeks of injury
05

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
25 participants (estimated)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Hindfoot Offloading Braces / Immediate Weight-bearing

    Diabetic patients over 18 years of age who sustained an isolated (non-pilon) ankle fracture will undergo ORIF of the ankle fracture within 3 weeks of the event

    Other: Postoperative protocol (Immediate weight bearing)

  • Placebo comparator
    No Hindfoot Offloading Braces / Delayed Weight-Bearing

    Diabetic patients over 18 years of age who sustained an isolated (non-pilon) ankle fracture will undergo ORIF of the ankle fracture within 3 weeks of the event

    Other: Postoperative Protocol (Delayed Weight Bearing)

Interventions

  • OtherPostoperative protocol (Immediate weight bearing)

    After ORIF of the ankle fracture, the patient will be randomized to follow an immediate weight bearing rehabilitation protocol using an offloading hindfoot brace

  • OtherPostoperative Protocol (Delayed Weight Bearing)

    After ORIF of the ankle fracture, the patient will be randomized to follow a standard delayed weight-bearing rehabilitation protocol

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Adverse Events

    Adverse Events by type over time, severity, seriousness, and relatedness. AEs will be tabulated and summarized as counts and percentages. AEs will also be cross-tabulated according to: 1. Severity; 2. Unanticipated Adverse Device Effect (UADE) 3. Seriousness (Serious Adverse Event (SAE), Non-serious AE); 4. Device-Relatedness (Unrelated, Possibly Related, Probably Related, Definitely Related); 5. Procedure-Relatedness (Unrelated, Possibly Related, Probably Related, Definitely Related).

    Time frame: 12 months

Secondary outcomes

  1. AAOS Foot and Ankle Score

    The AAOS foot and ankle questionnaire is a patient-administrated 25-item survey specifically developed for foot and ankle-related disability. The questionnaire is divided into two scales, the Foot and Ankle Core scale, comprised of 20 questions and the Shoe Comfort Scale with five questions. The questions themselves are distributed among five different categories: Pain (9 items), function (6 items), stiffness and swelling (2 items), giving way (3 items) and shoe comfort (5 items). Answers are then measured on a scale of 1 to 5 or 6, with 1 being the best outcome score.

    Time frame: 12 Months

  2. PROMIS Score

    The Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System® (PROMIS) is a flexible set of tools designed to measure self-reported physical, mental and social health and wellbeing. PROMIS instruments contain a fixed number of items from seven PROMIS domains: depression; anxiety; physical function; pain interference; fatigue; sleep disturbance; and ability to participate in social roles and activities. The questionarie assesses each of the 7 PROMIS domains with 4 questions. The questions are ranked on a 5-point Likert Scale. There is also one 11-point rating scale for pain intensity. Norm-based scores are calculated for each domain on the PROMIS measures, so that a score of 50 represents the mean or average of the reference population. A score of 60 means that the person is one standard deviation above the reference population (standard deviation = 10).

    Time frame: 12 Months

07

Study locations

1 of 1 sites recruiting
08

References and documents

Publications

  • Raghav A, Khan ZA, Labala RK, Ahmad J, Noor S, Mishra BK. Financial burden of diabetic foot ulcers to world: a progressive topic to discuss always. Ther Adv Endocrinol Metab. 2018 Jan;9(1):29-31. doi: 10.1177/2042018817744513. Epub 2017 Dec 12. PubMed 29344337 ↗
  • Jani MM, Ricci WM, Borrelli J Jr, Barrett SE, Johnson JE. A protocol for treatment of unstable ankle fractures using transarticular fixation in patients with diabetes mellitus and loss of protective sensibility. Foot Ankle Int. 2003 Nov;24(11):838-44. doi: 10.1177/107110070302401106. PubMed 14655888 ↗
  • Shehab DK, Al-Jarallah KF, Abraham M, Mojiminiyi OA, Al-Mohamedy H, Abdella NA. Back to basics: ankle reflex in the evaluation of peripheral neuropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus. QJM. 2012 Apr;105(4):315-20. doi: 10.1093/qjmed/hcr212. Epub 2011 Nov 8. PubMed 22071964 ↗
  • Wukich DK, Kline AJ. The management of ankle fractures in patients with diabetes. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2008 Jul;90(7):1570-8. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.G.01673. PubMed 18594108 ↗
  • Holder CG, Haskvitz EM, Weltman A. The effects of assistive devices on the oxygen cost, cardiovascular stress, and perception of nonweight-bearing ambulation. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1993 Oct;18(4):537-42. doi: 10.2519/jospt.1993.18.4.537. PubMed 8220412 ↗

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No — The Investigator will maintain all study records according to applicable University regulatory requirement(s). Hard copy records will be retained for at least 7 years after the last clinic follow-up visit at the Missouri Orthopaedic Institute in a locked filing cabinet. Electronic records will be retained for the same amount of time but on secured computers and servers. If the Investigator withdraws from the responsibility of keeping the study records, custody will be transferred to a person willing to accept the responsibility.

09

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reachedSimilar studies: half by the dot; the band is the middle halfHalf of similar studies reached it by the dot; the band is the middle half, from a quarter to three quarters

Started Aug 2020 (actual). Primary completion is estimated for Jun 2027, 82 months after the start.

Of 69 non-industry interventional studies with no phase under Ankle Fractures, half reached primary completion within 44 months of starting (the median), counting those still running; a quarter within 23 and three quarters within 61. This study's planned 82 months is above that.

Counting every sponsor, half of 72 studies reached it within 45 months; a quarter within 23 and three quarters within 61.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
May 24, 2019
First posted
May 29, 2019
StartActual
Aug 1, 2020
Primary completionEst.
Jun 15, 2027
CompletionEst.
Jun 15, 2028
Last update
Aug 3, 2026
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Aug 3, 2026, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT03966027
Lead sponsor
Kyle Schweser MD
Responsible party
Kyle Schweser MD (Assistant Professor Orthopaedic Trauma/Foot and Ankle, University of Missouri-Columbia) — Sponsor-investigator
First posted
May 29, 2019
Start date
Aug 1, 2020
Primary completion
Jun 15, 2027 (estimated)
Completion
Jun 15, 2028 (estimated)
Last update
Aug 3, 2026

Study contacts

Vicki L Jones, MEd
Contact
jonesvicki@umsystem.edu
573-882-7583
Ennio Rizzo Esposito, MD
Contact
eardvb@health.missouri.edu
3468126445
Kyle M Schweser, MD
principal investigator · Assistant Professor Orthopaedic Trauma/Foot and Ankle

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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