CClinicalTrials.gg
CompletedNCT03964181Updated Sep 29, 2022

Changing School Start Times: Impact on Student, Family, Teacher, and Community Health

An observational study in Sleep, sponsored by National Jewish Health. Completed at 1 site in United States. Open to participants aged 8 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2022-09-29.

Sponsored by National Jewish Health · Observational

Study type
Observational
Model
Ecologic or community
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrollment
118,000
Ages
8 Years and older
Sex
All
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Study summary

Sleep is not an optional luxury, but a fundamental biological need, essential for health and well-being. Insufficient sleep is a significant public health issue, with 69% of adolescents in America obtaining less than the minimum requirement of 8 hours of sleep per night. Early school start times has been identified as the most significant and modifiable factor that restricts sleep duration in adolescents. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommended in 2014 that all middle and high schools start no earlier than 8:30 a.m., yet few school districts have implemented this change. In fall 2017, the Cherry Creek School District, a diverse district of almost 55,000 students outside Denver, changed school start times. Although previous studies have shown increased sleep duration, decreased daytime sleepiness, and improved academics following start time changes for secondary students, there remains an urgent need to understand how this policy impacts health and well-being for all students, including youth in elementary school. Recognizing that students are part of a complex system that includes parents, school staff, and the community, this observational study will be a multi-year, broad-based evaluation that includes key stakeholders, multiple sources of quantitative data (i.e., surveys, academic records, district nursing electronic health records), contextual qualitative data (i.e., open-ended surveys and focus groups), and community-based outcomes (i.e., data on vehicle crashes and juvenile crimes). The primary hypothesis is that later school start times will have a positive impact on middle and high school students sleep and health outcomes, while earlier school start times will have a neutral impact on elementary school students sleep and health outcomes.

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Conditions studied

  • Sleep
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In context

Lead sponsor

National Jewish Health is the lead sponsor of 108 studies on the registry; 14 are open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

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Who can participate

Ages eligible
8 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Sampling method
Non-probability sample

Study population

Participants were drawn from the Cherry Creek School District outside of Denver, Colorado

Inclusion criteria

  • Students in grades 3-12 enrolled in the school district
  • Parents of students in grades K-12 enrolled in the school district
  • School-based teachers and staff in grades K-12 in the school district

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • None
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Study design

Observational model
Ecologic or community
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrollment
118,000 participants (actual)
Patient registry
No

Groups and cohorts

  • Students Grades 3-12

    Other: Change in school start times

  • Parents of Students Grades K-12

    Other: Change in school start times

  • School Based Teachers and Staff Grades K-12

    Other: Change in school start times

Interventions

  • OtherChange in school start times

    Elementary start times changed from 9:00 a.m. to 8:00 a.m.; middle school start times changed from 8:00 a.m. to 8:50 a.m.; high school start times changed from 7:10 a.m. to 8:20 a.m.

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What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Change in sleep duration from before start time change to 1 and 2 years after start time change

    Reported sleep from bedtime to wake time

    Time frame: Typical bedtime and wake time, assessed prior to start time change, and 1 and 2 years after start time change

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Study locations

1 site
  • National Jewish Health
    Denver, Colorado 80206, United States
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References and documents

Publications

  • Meltzer LJ, McNally J, Plog AE, Siegfried SA. Engaging the community in the process of changing school start times: experience of the Cherry Creek School District. Sleep Health. 2017 Dec;3(6):472-478. doi: 10.1016/j.sleh.2017.08.005. Epub 2017 Oct 16. PubMed 29157642 ↗
  • Meltzer LJ, Wahlstrom KL, Plog AE, Strand MJ. Changing school start times: impact on sleep in primary and secondary school students. Sleep. 2021 Jul 9;44(7):zsab048. doi: 10.1093/sleep/zsab048. PubMed 33855446 ↗
  • Meltzer LJ, Wahlstrom KL, Plog AE, McNally J. Impact of changing school start times on parent sleep. Sleep Health. 2022 Feb;8(1):130-134. doi: 10.1016/j.sleh.2021.08.003. Epub 2021 Oct 9. PubMed 34642123 ↗
  • Meltzer LJ, Plog AE, Wahlstrom KL, Strand MJ. Biology vs. ecology: a longitudinal examination of sleep, development, and a change in school start times. Sleep Med. 2022 Feb;90:176-184. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2022.01.003. Epub 2022 Jan 10. PubMed 35182977 ↗

Individual participant data

Plan to share: Undecided

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Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Sep 29, 2022, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
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Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT03964181
Lead sponsor
National Jewish Health
Responsible party
Lisa Meltzer (Associate Professor of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health) — Principal investigator
First posted
May 28, 2019
Start date
Apr 11, 2017
Primary completion
May 31, 2019
Completion
Jul 31, 2021
Last update
Sep 29, 2022

Oversight

FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is completed, as verified in Sep 2022. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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