ClinicalTrials.gg
CompletedNCT03590847Updated Dec 6, 2024Results posted

Time to Eat Study - Pilot

An interventional study of Intermittent Fasting in Overweight, sponsored by University of Florida. Completed at 1 site in United States. Open to participants aged 65 Years and older, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2024-12-06.

Sponsored by University of Florida · Not applicable, Interventional, and Treatment

Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
10
Allocation
Not applicable
Ages
65 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Study summary

The goals of this pilot study is to evaluate the safety and feasibility of time restricted feeding in an older adult population.

Read the detailed description

For this 4-week pilot study, the study team will recruit 10 overweight, older adults who are at risk for, or have, mobility impairment, as measured by slow gait speed and self-reported mobility difficulty and self-reported sedentary lifestyle. All participants will receive the time restricted feeding intervention, which will consist of limiting the time in which food is consumed to 8 hours per day and fasting for 16 hours per day. The study will also assess the variance of inflammatory markers, walking speed, physical and cognitive function, grip strength, body measurements, perceived fatigability, health related quality of life and activity level. This allows the refinement of the design, recruitment yields, target population, adherence, retention, and tolerability of a larger scale study.

02

Conditions studied

  • Overweight

Keywords

  • Intermittent fasting
  • Inflammation
  • Diet
  • Lifestyle
  • Eating habits
  • Time Restricted Feeding
03

In context

Overweight

3,767 studies on the registry are indexed under Overweight; 863 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 10 is below the median of 73 across 3,263 interventional studies indexed under Overweight.

Browse Overweight studies →

Lead sponsor

University of Florida is the lead sponsor of 1,285 studies on the registry; 199 are open to participants now.

Of its 177 completed or terminated interventional studies of FDA-regulated products, 141 (80%) have results posted.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
65 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
Yes

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • Consent to participate in the study
  • Men and women ≥ 65 years old
  • Self-reported difficulty walking ¼ mile or climbing a flight of stairs
  • Self-reported sedentariness (\<30 minutes structured exercise per week)
  • Walking speed \<1 m/sec on the 4 m walk test
  • Able to walk unassisted (cane allowed)
  • Have a body mass index between 25 - 40 kg/m2 (inclusive)

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Current dietary habits

    • Fasting >12 hours per day
    • Actively trying to lose weight by participating in formal weight loss program or significantly restricting calorie intake
    • Weight loss > 5 lbs in the past month
  • Medical history or conditions

    • Resting heart rate of >120 beats per minute, systolic blood pressure > 180 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure of > 100 mmHg
    • Unstable angina, heart attack or stroke in the past 3 months
    • Continuous use of supplemental oxygen to manage a chronic pulmonary condition or heart failure
    • Rheumatoid arthritis, Parkinson's disease or currently on dialysis
    • Active treatment for cancer in the past year
    • Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus
  • Taking medications that preclude fasting for 16 hours (e.g. must be taken with food at least 12 hours apart)
  • Any condition that in the opinion of the investigator would impair ability to participate in the trial
05

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Not applicable
Intervention model
Single group
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
10 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Intermittent fasting

    Study participants will be asked to fast for a target of 16 hours per day for a period of 4 weeks.

    Behavioral: Intermittent Fasting

Interventions

  • BehavioralIntermittent Fasting

    Study participants will be asked to fast for a target of 16 hours per day for a period of 4 weeks. Participants will be allowed to consume calorie-free beverages, water, tea, black coffee or sugar-free gum during the fasting period. Participants will be asked to record the time of first and final food/drink consumption each day.

    Also known as: Time Restricted Feeding

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Number of Participants With Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events as a Measure of Safety and Tolerability

    At each follow-up contact (either by phone or in person), participants are asked about any changes to their health or physical function since the previous contact. The changes are documented on the adverse event log.

    Time frame: Week 4

  2. Adherence

    Adherence to the study intervention is measured using food intake time diary. Participants are considered compliant to the study intervention if he/she fasts between 14 - 18 hours per day for the duration of the 4 week study.

    Time frame: Week 4

  3. Retention

    Number of Participants who dropped out before the Week 4 clinic visit was completed.

    Time frame: Week 4

  4. Recruitment Yields

    Recruitment yields is measured by the number of individuals who were assessed at phone screening.

    Time frame: Baseline

Secondary outcomes

  1. Body Weight

    Body weight will be measured following the removal of excess clothing and shoes with calibrated scales. Primary study outcomes include final weight at the 4 week assessment visit.

    Time frame: Week 4

  2. Body Mass Index (BMI)

    Measure of body fat using weight from previous weight measurement.

    Time frame: Week 4

  3. Waist Circumference

    Waist circumference is taken at the mid-point between the participant's lowest rib and the top of his/her hip bone.

    Time frame: Week 4

  4. Blood Glucose

    Blood was drawn at a fasted state. Glucose levels were measured by Quest Diagnostic Clinical Laboratories, which is accredited by the College of American Pathologists.

    Time frame: Week 4

  5. Systolic Blood Pressure

    Resting blood pressure was taken after participants spent 5 min seated in a quiet room, free of distractions. Blood pressure was obtained according to standardized protocol. Three readings of blood pressure, spaced one minute apart, were taken using a sphygmomanometer with appropriate cuff size. First reading was discarded and last two readings were averaged. If large differences were observed between second and third readings, an additional reading was taken and the median value of the three trials was used.

    Time frame: Week 4

  6. Diastolic Blood Pressure

    Resting blood pressure was taken after participants spent 5 min seated in a quiet room, free of distractions. Blood pressure was obtained according to standardized protocol. Three readings of blood pressure, spaced one minute apart, were taken using a sphygmomanometer with appropriate cuff size. First reading was discarded and last two readings were averaged. If large differences were observed between second and third readings, an additional reading was taken and the median value of the three trials was used.

    Time frame: Week 4

  7. 6 Minute Walk Test (Meters)

    The 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) measures the distance a participant can walk on a standard course within six minutes, without running or overexerting themselves. Contraindications for test administration and stopping rules will be followed according to the guidelines of the American Thoracic Society. The outcome will be reported in meters (m), representing the total distance covered during the 6-minute walk.

    Time frame: Week 4

  8. 6 Minute Walk Test (m/s)

    The 6 Minute Walk test measures the amount of distance the participant can complete on a standard walking course in six minutes without running or overexerting themselves. Contraindications for test administration and stopping rules based on American Thoracic Society will be followed. Walking speed was calculated by dividing number of meters walked by total time completed (360 seconds/6 minutes).

    Time frame: Week 4

  9. Grip Strength (Dominant Hand)

    Isometric hand grip strength is a commonly used measure of upper body skeletal muscle function and has been widely used as a general indicator of functional status.Total force output is reported in kilograms (kg).

    Time frame: Week 4

  10. 12-Item Short Form Survey Physical Function (Summary Score)

    Self-administered, 12-item questionnaire to measure health-related quality of life. Short form (SF) physical health status with scores on this measure ranging from 0 to 100, where greater scores represent better health.

    Time frame: Week 4

  11. 12-Item Short Form Survey Mental Function (Summary Score)

    Self-administered, 12-item questionnaire to measure health-related quality of life. Short form (SF) mental health status with scores on this measure ranging from 0 to 100, where greater scores represent better health.

    Time frame: Week 4

  12. 12-Item Short Form Survey Total Score

    A self-administered, 12-item questionnaire is used to measure health-related quality of life, specifically the Short Form (SF) general health perception. Scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating better perceived health. Total scores are reported.

    Time frame: Week 4

  13. Fatigability Questionnaire (Mental Subscale)

    A self-administered, 26-item questionnaire to measure perceived mental and physical fatigability. Scores range from 0-50 on a scale where higher scores represent higher levels of fatigability.

    Time frame: Week 4

  14. Fatigability Questionnaire (Physical Subscale)

    A self-administered, 26-item questionnaire to measure perceived mental and physical fatigability. Scores range from 0-50 on a scale where higher scores represent higher levels of fatigability.

    Time frame: Week 4

  15. Montreal Cognitive Assessment

    The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is a 30-point tool designed to assess mild cognitive impairment. It evaluates various cognitive domains, including attention and concentration, executive functions, memory, language, visuoconstructional skills, conceptual thinking, calculations, and orientation. The total score is obtained by summing the individual subscores, with a minimum score of 0 and a maximum score of 30. Higher scores indicate better cognitive function. To minimize learning effects from repeated administrations, different versions of the test were used at baseline and week four.

    Time frame: Week 4

  16. Circulating (Plasma) microRNA

    The fold change in circulatory microRNA post-TRE regimen will be measured using the HTG EdgeSeq miRNA Whole Transcriptome Assay, which profiles the expression of circulatory miRNAs. The total number of differentially expressed miRNAs will be analyzed, including a breakdown of how many were differentially upregulated and downregulated.

    Time frame: Week 4

07

Results

Posted Dec 6, 2024

Participant flow

Participants were recruited from the general population in the North/Central Florida area through mailing, advertisements, and targeted outreach to individuals who have consented to participation in the Claude D. Pepper Recruitment Registry.

Participant flow — Overall Study
MilestoneIntermittent Fasting
Started10
Completed9
Not completed1

Outcome measures

PrimaryNumber of Participants With Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events as a Measure of Safety and Tolerability

At each follow-up contact (either by phone or in person), participants are asked about any changes to their health or physical function since the previous contact. The changes are documented on the adverse event log.

Time frame:
Week 4
Reported as:
Count of participants · Participants
Number of Participants With Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events as a Measure of Safety and Tolerability
ParticipantsIntermittent Fasting
Number of Participants With Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events as a Measure of Safety and Tolerability3
PrimaryAdherence

Adherence to the study intervention is measured using food intake time diary. Participants are considered compliant to the study intervention if he/she fasts between 14 - 18 hours per day for the duration of the 4 week study.

Time frame:
Week 4
Reported as:
Mean · percentage of days adherent
Adherence
percentage of days adherentIntermittent Fasting
Adherence84 (50 to 100)
PrimaryRetention

Number of Participants who dropped out before the Week 4 clinic visit was completed.

Time frame:
Week 4
Reported as:
Count of participants · Participants
Retention
ParticipantsIntermittent Fasting
Retention1
PrimaryRecruitment Yields

Recruitment yields is measured by the number of individuals who were assessed at phone screening.

Time frame:
Baseline
Reported as:
Number · participants
Recruitment Yields
participantsIntermittent Fasting
Recruitment Yields65
SecondaryBody Weight

Body weight will be measured following the removal of excess clothing and shoes with calibrated scales. Primary study outcomes include final weight at the 4 week assessment visit.

Time frame:
Week 4
Reported as:
Mean · kg
Body Weight
kgIntermittent Fasting
Body Weight94.81 ± 16.9
SecondaryBody Mass Index (BMI)

Measure of body fat using weight from previous weight measurement.

Time frame:
Week 4
Reported as:
Mean · kg/m^2
Body Mass Index (BMI)
kg/m^2Intermittent Fasting
Body Mass Index (BMI)33.2 ± 3.2
SecondaryWaist Circumference

Waist circumference is taken at the mid-point between the participant's lowest rib and the top of his/her hip bone.

Time frame:
Week 4
Reported as:
Mean · cm
Waist Circumference
cmIntermittent Fasting
Waist Circumference109.23 ± 12.3
SecondaryBlood Glucose

Blood was drawn at a fasted state. Glucose levels were measured by Quest Diagnostic Clinical Laboratories, which is accredited by the College of American Pathologists.

Time frame:
Week 4
Reported as:
Mean · mg/dL
Blood Glucose
mg/dLIntermittent Fasting
Blood Glucose107.3 ± 29.4
SecondarySystolic Blood Pressure

Resting blood pressure was taken after participants spent 5 min seated in a quiet room, free of distractions. Blood pressure was obtained according to standardized protocol. Three readings of blood pressure, spaced one minute apart, were taken using a sphygmomanometer with appropriate cuff size. First reading was discarded and last two readings were averaged. If large differences were observed between second and third readings, an additional reading was taken and the median value of the three trials was used.

Time frame:
Week 4
Reported as:
Mean · mmHg
Systolic Blood Pressure
mmHgIntermittent Fasting
Systolic Blood Pressure148.22 ± 24.2
SecondaryDiastolic Blood Pressure

Resting blood pressure was taken after participants spent 5 min seated in a quiet room, free of distractions. Blood pressure was obtained according to standardized protocol. Three readings of blood pressure, spaced one minute apart, were taken using a sphygmomanometer with appropriate cuff size. First reading was discarded and last two readings were averaged. If large differences were observed between second and third readings, an additional reading was taken and the median value of the three trials was used.

Time frame:
Week 4
Reported as:
Mean · mmHg
Diastolic Blood Pressure
mmHgIntermittent Fasting
Diastolic Blood Pressure78.89 ± 8.3
Secondary6 Minute Walk Test (Meters)

The 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) measures the distance a participant can walk on a standard course within six minutes, without running or overexerting themselves. Contraindications for test administration and stopping rules will be followed according to the guidelines of the American Thoracic Society. The outcome will be reported in meters (m), representing the total distance covered during the 6-minute walk.

Time frame:
Week 4
Reported as:
Mean · meters
6 Minute Walk Test (Meters)
metersIntermittent Fasting
6 Minute Walk Test (Meters)310.89 ± 111.2
Secondary6 Minute Walk Test (m/s)

The 6 Minute Walk test measures the amount of distance the participant can complete on a standard walking course in six minutes without running or overexerting themselves. Contraindications for test administration and stopping rules based on American Thoracic Society will be followed. Walking speed was calculated by dividing number of meters walked by total time completed (360 seconds/6 minutes).

Time frame:
Week 4
Reported as:
Mean · m/s
6 Minute Walk Test (m/s)
m/sIntermittent Fasting
6 Minute Walk Test (m/s)0.92 ± 0.2
SecondaryGrip Strength (Dominant Hand)

Isometric hand grip strength is a commonly used measure of upper body skeletal muscle function and has been widely used as a general indicator of functional status.Total force output is reported in kilograms (kg).

Time frame:
Week 4
Reported as:
Mean · kg
Grip Strength (Dominant Hand)
kgIntermittent Fasting
Grip Strength (Dominant Hand)24.0 ± 6.8
Secondary12-Item Short Form Survey Physical Function (Summary Score)

Self-administered, 12-item questionnaire to measure health-related quality of life. Short form (SF) physical health status with scores on this measure ranging from 0 to 100, where greater scores represent better health.

Time frame:
Week 4
Reported as:
Mean · score on a scale (0-100)
12-Item Short Form Survey Physical Function (Summary Score)
score on a scale (0-100)Intermittent Fasting
12-Item Short Form Survey Physical Function (Summary Score)14.9 (12 to 18)
Secondary12-Item Short Form Survey Mental Function (Summary Score)

Self-administered, 12-item questionnaire to measure health-related quality of life. Short form (SF) mental health status with scores on this measure ranging from 0 to 100, where greater scores represent better health.

Time frame:
Week 4
Reported as:
Mean · score on a scale (0-100)
12-Item Short Form Survey Mental Function (Summary Score)
score on a scale (0-100)Intermittent Fasting
12-Item Short Form Survey Mental Function (Summary Score)22.8 (20 to 25)
Secondary12-Item Short Form Survey Total Score

A self-administered, 12-item questionnaire is used to measure health-related quality of life, specifically the Short Form (SF) general health perception. Scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating better perceived health. Total scores are reported.

Time frame:
Week 4
Reported as:
Mean · score on a scale (0-100)
12-Item Short Form Survey Total Score
score on a scale (0-100)Intermittent Fasting
12-Item Short Form Survey Total Score37.7 (34 to 42)
SecondaryFatigability Questionnaire (Mental Subscale)

A self-administered, 26-item questionnaire to measure perceived mental and physical fatigability. Scores range from 0-50 on a scale where higher scores represent higher levels of fatigability.

Time frame:
Week 4
Reported as:
Mean · score on a scale (0-50)
Fatigability Questionnaire (Mental Subscale)
score on a scale (0-50)Intermittent Fasting
Fatigability Questionnaire (Mental Subscale)14.7 (0 to 28)
SecondaryFatigability Questionnaire (Physical Subscale)

A self-administered, 26-item questionnaire to measure perceived mental and physical fatigability. Scores range from 0-50 on a scale where higher scores represent higher levels of fatigability.

Time frame:
Week 4
Reported as:
Mean · score on a scale
Fatigability Questionnaire (Physical Subscale)
score on a scaleIntermittent Fasting
Fatigability Questionnaire (Physical Subscale)24.9 (10 to 35)
SecondaryMontreal Cognitive Assessment

The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is a 30-point tool designed to assess mild cognitive impairment. It evaluates various cognitive domains, including attention and concentration, executive functions, memory, language, visuoconstructional skills, conceptual thinking, calculations, and orientation. The total score is obtained by summing the individual subscores, with a minimum score of 0 and a maximum score of 30. Higher scores indicate better cognitive function. To minimize learning effects from repeated administrations, different versions of the test were used at baseline and week four.

Time frame:
Week 4
Reported as:
Mean · score on a scale
Montreal Cognitive Assessment
score on a scaleIntermittent Fasting
Montreal Cognitive Assessment25.9 (20 to 29)
SecondaryCirculating (Plasma) microRNA

The fold change in circulatory microRNA post-TRE regimen will be measured using the HTG EdgeSeq miRNA Whole Transcriptome Assay, which profiles the expression of circulatory miRNAs. The total number of differentially expressed miRNAs will be analyzed, including a breakdown of how many were differentially upregulated and downregulated.

Time frame:
Week 4
Reported as:
Number · Number of Differentially Expressed miRNA
Circulating (Plasma) microRNA
Number of Differentially Expressed miRNAIntermittent Fasting
Differentially expressed miRNA (total)14
Differentially expressed miRNA (downregulated)8
Differentially expressed miRNA (upregulated)6

Adverse events

Collected over Baseline to Week 4. Non-serious events are listed at a 0% frequency threshold.

Adverse event summary by group
GroupDeathsSeriousOther
Intermittent Fasting0/10 (0%)0/10 (0%)3/10 (30%)
Most frequent other events
Most frequent other events
EventIntermittent Fasting
HeadacheNervous system disorders2/10
DizzinessEar and labyrinth disorders1/10

Baseline characteristics

Overweight, sedentary older adults (≥65 years) with mild to moderate functional limitations.

Age, Categorical
Age, Categorical(Participants)Intermittent Fasting
<=18 years0
Between 18 and 65 years0
>=65 years10
Age, Continuous
Age, Continuous(years)Intermittent Fasting
Mean77.1 (65 to 85)
Sex: Female, Male
Sex: Female, Male(Participants)Intermittent Fasting
Female6
Male4
Race (NIH/OMB)
Race (NIH/OMB)(Participants)Intermittent Fasting
American Indian or Alaska Native0
Asian0
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander0
Black or African American0
White10
More than one race0
Unknown or Not Reported0
Region of Enrollment
Region of Enrollment(Participants)Intermittent Fasting
United States10
Body Weight
Body Weight(kg)Intermittent Fasting
Mean96.96 ± 16.2
Body Mass Index (BMI)
Body Mass Index (BMI)(kg/m^2)Intermittent Fasting
Mean34.1 ± 3.3
Waist Circumference
Waist Circumference(cm)Intermittent Fasting
Mean109.43 ± 12.9

12 further baseline measures are reported on the registry.

08

Study locations

1 site
  • University of Florida Institute on Aging
    Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
09

References and documents

Study documents

  • Protocol and statistical analysis plan · Jul 6, 2018
  • Informed consent form · Jun 27, 2018

Documents are hosted by the registry — open the source record to download them.

Individual participant data

Plan to share: Undecided

10

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reachedSimilar studies: half by the dot; the band is the middle halfHalf of similar studies reached it by the dot; the band is the middle half, from a quarter to three quarters

Ran from Jun 2018 to primary completion in Sep 2018, 2 months.

Results were first posted in Dec 2024, 6 years 3 months after primary completion.

Of 1,356 non-industry interventional studies with no phase under Overweight, half reached primary completion within 18 months of starting (the median), counting those still running; a quarter within 8 and three quarters within 38. This study's 2 months is below that.

Counting every sponsor, half of 1,472 studies reached it within 17 months; a quarter within 7 and three quarters within 36.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Jun 8, 2018
First posted
Jul 18, 2018
StartActual
Jun 28, 2018
Primary completionActual
Sep 5, 2018
CompletionActual
Sep 5, 2018
Results first posted
Dec 6, 2024
Last update
Dec 6, 2024
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Dec 6, 2024, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
11

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT03590847
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Jul 18, 2018
Start date
Jun 28, 2018
Primary completion
Sep 5, 2018
Completion
Sep 5, 2018
Results posted
Dec 6, 2024
Last update
Dec 6, 2024

Study contacts

Stephen Anton, PhD
principal investigator · University of Florida

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
Yes
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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