ClinicalTrials.gg
CompletedNCT03475108Updated Jan 16, 2026

Integrating Community Health Workers Into the Care of Children With Type 1 Diabetes

An interventional study of Community Health Worker added to diabetes team in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus, Psychosocial Problem and Compliance, Patient, sponsored by Children's Hospital of Philadelphia. Completed at 1 site in United States. Open to participants aged 4 Years to 18 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-01-16.

Sponsored by Children's Hospital of Philadelphia · Not applicable, Interventional, and Health services research

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Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
84
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
4 Years to 18 Years
Sex
All
01

Where this study stands

Counted across the records on this site · 2026-11-13

Among 1,458 studies in Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 with a site in United States — 191 open to participants now, 259 under way, 17 of them phase 3. Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 · United States.

Enrollment
373rd of 1,242
84 · median 40
Started
2018
with 73 others
No phase
614 of 1,458
99 open now
Registered
844th of 1,458
by date

Among the 1,458 studies in Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 with a site in United States, this one is the 373rd largest by enrollment of the 1,242 interventional ones that give a count, is one of 74 that started in 2018, is one of 614 with no phase, and was the 844th registered.

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1

3,754 studies on the registry are indexed under Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; 600 are open to participants now.

Browse Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 studies →

Open to participants now

191 of the 1,458 studies in Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 with a site in United States are open now. Recruiting first, the newest first:

186 more — sign in →

All 191 open studies →

A study can be open while its sites in United States have not opened yet or have stopped. Only those recruiting at a site in United States →

Who these studies take

Of the 412 Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 studies recruiting now, 128 (31%) set no upper age limit and 258 (63%) stop at 75 or younger; 185 take children under 18; 64 take healthy volunteers.

This study: 4 Years to 18 Years · all sexes · no healthy volunteers.

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Watch this landscapeDownload CSVNarrow it in search →With an account: a weekly mail of what changed among 1,458 studies in Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 with a site in United States, or all of them as a file.
02

Study summary

The primary aim of this randomized controlled trial is to determine if the integration of a Community Health Worker into the healthcare team is associated with an improvement in diabetes control in children with type 1 diabetes. The secondary objectives are to determine if utilization of Community Health Workers is also associated with reduced emergency department visits and hospitalizations, improved attendance at outpatient diabetes appointments, and improvements in psychosocial outcomes and diabetes control.

Read the detailed description

Diabetic ketoacidosis accounts for 65% of hospitalizations in pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes, and has a mortality rate between 0.15-0.31%. Children with established type 1 diabetes have an 8% annualized risk of developing diabetic ketoacidosis, and this risk increases during adolescence. In addition, socioeconomic and racial disparities are associated with increased risks of poor glycemic control, hospitalization with diabetic ketoacidosis, and even severe hypoglycemia. All of these complications are associated with preventable harm, and lead to increased utilization of medical resources, both in the short- and long-term. Social determinants of health account for over 75% of health outcomes. Thus, it is not surprising that a disproportionate number of children with poor diabetes control and recurrent hospitalization in diabetic ketoacidosis come from vulnerable underserved populations.

In this study, Investigators will study the effect of integrating a community-based healthcare worker into the healthcare team of children with poorly controlled type 1 diabetes. Community Health Workers (CHW) are highly motivated, community members who do not necessarily have prior medical training, but rather they link with the healthcare team to identify and provide relevant social supports to the family. They receive specific training that focuses on issues relevant to improving health outcomes and adherence, by improving medication access, reducing food insecurity, and improving health literacy. The CHW are able to provide real-time assistance with navigating the healthcare and social services systems, reducing family stress and breaking down community barriers to positive health behavior. The CHW work with the family to develop goals and develop an individualized plan to reach these goals. The role of the CHW can include home visits, phone contacts, meeting with school representatives and accompanying patients to appointments.

At the diabetes center at The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP), the Community Health Worker will be assigned for one year to patients with high healthcare utilization and / or poorly controlled type 1 diabetes. The support provided for this year will be tailored to the patient's needs but may include problem solving surrounding issues related to work/education, accessing healthcare/medications, engagement with the healthcare team, transportation, housing or food insecurity. Interactions with patients will be through home visits, telephone encounters, text messaging or email. This will be added to their medical care and will be documented in the patient's medical record.

03

Conditions studied

  • Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
  • Psychosocial Problem
  • Compliance, Patient
  • Diabetes Mellitus
04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
4 Years to 18 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • A clinical diagnosis of type 1 diabetes for > 1 year
  • Either:

Over the previous one year, the sum of the following should be > 2: diabetes-related hospitalizations plus emergency department visits plus missed appointments (on separate days) or ≥ 9.5 at the time of enrollment.

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Children in custody of the State where there is no identified caretaker who can complete study procedures
Terms in these criteria, in plain language(1)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

HbA1c

A blood test of average blood sugar over the past two to three months, given as a percentage or in mmol/mol. 6.5% (48 mmol/mol) or more is the usual threshold for diabetes, normally confirmed by a second test.

05

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Health services research
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
84 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Community Health Worker Group

    Patients are assigned a community health worker for one year, in addition to standard diabetes care. They do not receive a community health worker for the second year of the study.

    Other: Community Health Worker added to diabetes team

  • Other
    Standard Diabetes Care Group

    Patients receive standard diabetes care for one year. They receive a community health worker for the second year (as part of a crossover trial).

    Other: Community Health Worker added to diabetes team

Interventions

  • OtherCommunity Health Worker added to diabetes team

    A Community Health Worker will be added to the diabetes team caring for a child with type 1 diabetes over 1 year. The intervention includes social determinants of health screening and goal setting, with home visits.

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Hemoglobin A1c

    Improvement in glycemic control, as measured by hemoglobin A1c

    Time frame: 2 years

Secondary outcomes

  1. Hospital admissions

    Data will be extracted from the medical record of each patient to obtain information on the number of hospital admissions.

    Time frame: 2 years

  2. Attended outpatient appointments

    Data will be extracted from the medical record of each patient to obtain information on the number of attended outpatient appointments.

    Time frame: 2 years

  3. Missed outpatient appointments

    Data will be extracted from the medical record of each patient to obtain information on the number of missed outpatient appointments.

    Time frame: 2 years

  4. Emergency Department utilization

    Data will be extracted from the medical record of each patient to obtain information about the number of Emergency Department (ED) visits.

    Time frame: 2 years

  5. Primary caregiver's diabetes self-efficacy

    The 17-item, "Parental self efficacy in diabetes scale" will be completed by the primary caregiver using a 5-point Likert rating scale. The questionnaire will provide information to assess glycemic control, and sub analysis of results related to diabetes management, problem solving and teaching. This scale ranges in score from 17 to 85, with higher scores consistent with increased self-efficacy.

    Time frame: 2 years

  6. Quality of life (primary care giver)

    The primary care giver will complete the 36-item "PedsQL Health related quality of life for parents of children with chronic disease" questionnaire (HCCQ) using a 5-point Likert rating scale to assess how their child's illness has had an impact on their quality of life. This scale ranges in score from 0 to 144, with higher scores consistent with decreased quality of life.

    Time frame: 2 years

07

Study locations

1 site
  • Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
    Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
08

References and documents

Publications

  • Rewers A, Chase HP, Mackenzie T, Walravens P, Roback M, Rewers M, Hamman RF, Klingensmith G. Predictors of acute complications in children with type 1 diabetes. JAMA. 2002 May 15;287(19):2511-8. doi: 10.1001/jama.287.19.2511. PubMed 12020331 ↗
  • Hassan K, Loar R, Anderson BJ, Heptulla RA. The role of socioeconomic status, depression, quality of life, and glycemic control in type 1 diabetes mellitus. J Pediatr. 2006 Oct;149(4):526-31. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2006.05.039. PubMed 17011326 ↗
  • Kangovi S, Mitra N, Grande D, White ML, McCollum S, Sellman J, Shannon RP, Long JA. Patient-centered community health worker intervention to improve posthospital outcomes: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Intern Med. 2014 Apr;174(4):535-43. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2013.14327. PubMed 24515422 ↗
  • Laffel LM, Brackett J, Ho J, Anderson BJ. Changing the process of diabetes care improves metabolic outcomes and reduces hospitalizations. Qual Manag Health Care. 1998 Sep;6(4):53-62. doi: 10.1097/00019514-199806040-00006. PubMed 10339045 ↗
  • Raphael JL, Rueda A, Lion KC, Giordano TP. The role of lay health workers in pediatric chronic disease: a systematic review. Acad Pediatr. 2013 Sep-Oct;13(5):408-20. doi: 10.1016/j.acap.2013.04.015. PubMed 24011745 ↗

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No

09

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reachedSimilar studies: half by the dot; the band is the middle halfHalf of similar studies reached it by the dot; the band is the middle half, from a quarter to three quarters

Ran from Apr 2018 to primary completion in Mar 2021, 34 months.

Of 845 non-industry interventional studies with no phase under Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, half reached primary completion within 19 months of starting (the median), counting those still running; a quarter within 10 and three quarters within 38. This study's 34 months is above that.

Counting every sponsor, half of 950 studies reached it within 18 months; a quarter within 9 and three quarters within 35.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Mar 12, 2018
First posted
Mar 23, 2018
StartActual
Apr 19, 2018
Primary completionActual
Mar 10, 2021
CompletionActual
Mar 10, 2021
Last update
Jan 16, 2026
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Jan 16, 2026, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT03475108
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Mar 23, 2018
Start date
Apr 19, 2018
Primary completion
Mar 10, 2021
Completion
Mar 10, 2021
Last update
Jan 16, 2026

Study contacts

Colin P Hawkes, MD PhD
principal investigator · Children's Hospital of Philadelphia

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is completed, as verified in Jan 2026. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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