ClinicalTrials.gg
Active, not recruitingNCT03473249Updated Dec 24, 2025

Effectiveness of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound

A Phase 4 interventional study of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound using Lumason in Abdominal Injuries, Physical Abuse and Accidental Fall, sponsored by Children's Hospital of Philadelphia. Active, not recruiting at 1 site in United States. Open to participants aged 0 Years to 7 Years, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2025-12-24.

Sponsored by Children's Hospital of Philadelphia · Phase 4, Interventional, and Diagnostic

Phase
Phase 4
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
120
Allocation
Non-randomized
Ages
0 Years to 7 Years
Sex
All
01

Where this study stands

Counted across the records on this site · 2026-11-12

Among 19 studies in Abdominal Injuries with a site in United States — 5 open to participants now, 7 under way, none of them phase 3. Abdominal Injuries · United States.

Planned enrollment
9th of 13
120 · median 150
Started
2018
with 2 others
Phase 4
4 of 19
1 open now
Registered
6th of 19
by date
Lead sponsor
2 of 19
Children's Hospital of Philadelphia

Among the 19 studies in Abdominal Injuries with a site in United States, this one is the 9th largest by planned enrollment of the 13 interventional ones, is one of 3 that started in 2018, is one of 4 in phase 4, and was the 6th registered.

By phase

19 studies; the count open now beside each. This study's row is marked.

Observational6 · 1 open
No phase5 · 2 open
Phase 4this study4 · 1 open
Phase 1/22 · 0 open
Phase 11 · 0 open
Phase 21 · 1 open

By the year they started

First in 2012; this study’s year is marked. 3 started in 2018.

Size and results

Median enrollment 150 across the 13 interventional studies, 155 across the 6 observational. Of the 10 that completed or were terminated, 4 (40%) have results posted.

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Watch this landscapeDownload CSVWith an account: a weekly mail of what changed among 19 studies in Abdominal Injuries with a site in United States, or all of them as a file.
02

Study summary

The purpose of the study is to generate pilot data describing test characteristics of contrast enhanced ultrasound in young children with concern for abdominal trauma. The primary objective in this study is to determine the sensitivity and specificity of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) compared to abdominal Computed Tomography (CT) in the detection of abdominal solid organ injury in young children \< 8 years of age with concern for blunt abdominal trauma.

Read the detailed description

Abdominal trauma in children can be deadly, but intra-abdominal injuries can be difficult to detect and often lack external signs of injury on physical exam. The current gold standard imaging study is Computed Tomography (CT) with IV contrast, which is associated with radiation exposure. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound is a radiation-free alternative to detect abdominal injuries and has been studied primarily in adults and some older children, but evidence to support its use in young children is needed.

This is a prospective study of children less than 8 years of age who are clinically stable and undergoing an abdominal CT with IV contrast as part of their clinical care due to concerns for abdominal trauma. Investigators will compare CEUS results with those obtained by CT. Investigators will additionally include retrospective data of children who underwent both abdominal CT and CEUS as part of clinical care.

03

Conditions studied

  • Abdominal Injuries
  • Physical Abuse
  • Accidental Fall
  • Motor Vehicle Injury

Browse trials for

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
0 Years to 7 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
Yes

Eligibility criteria

Inclusion Criteria for study CEUS

  1. Males or females \< 8 years of age at time of enrollment
  2. Clinically stable (defined as not undergoing an emergent surgical procedure in the next hour)
  3. Abdominal CT ordered or obtained
  4. IV in place

Exclusion Criteria for study CEUS

  1. Unable to obtain contrast-enhanced ultrasound within 72 hours after CT
  2. History of allergic reaction to Lumason, sulfa-hexafluoride lipid microsphere components, or other ingredients in Lumason (polyethylene glycol 4000, distearoylphosphatidylcholine (DSPC), dipalmitoylphosphatidylglycerol sodium (DPPG-Na) palmitic acid)
  3. Known congenital or acquired heart disease

Alternative Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria for children who have undergone or are undergoing CEUS as part of clinical care

Inclusion criteria:

  1. Males or females \< 8 years of age at time of CEUS.
  2. Clinical Team plans to perform CT or has performed CT as part of clinical care for abdominal trauma
  3. Clinical Team plans to perform (or has performed) CEUS as part of clinical care
  4. Date of CEUS after January 1, 2015

Exclusion Criteria: None

05

Study design

Phase
Phase 4
Primary purpose
Diagnostic
Allocation
Non-randomized
Intervention model
Single group
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
120 participants (estimated)

Study arms

  • No intervention
    Retrospective Review

    Comparison of CT and CEUS results from retrospective chart review of children who have had a CEUS for trauma at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP).

  • No intervention
    Prospective Observation

    Prospective observation of comparison of CT and CEUS results among children who are undergoing a CEUS and abdominal CT as part of clinical care.

  • Other
    Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound using Lumason

    Prospective intervention using contrast enhanced ultrasound with IV contrast Lumason.

    Drug: Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound using Lumason

Interventions

  • DrugContrast-Enhanced Ultrasound using Lumason

    Subjects will undergo a contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) during which a standard greyscale abdominal ultrasound is performed first followed by injection of intravenous contrast with Lumason, and completion of contrast-enhanced ultrasound

    Also known as: SonoVue (25 mg under sulfur hexafluoride gas) / Lumason, Sulfur hexafluoride microbubbles for injection, US Patent No. 5,686,060

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Sensitivity of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound in detection of abdominal solid organ injury in young children <8 years of age

    To determine the sensitivity of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) compared with standard, abdominal Computer Tomography (CT) in the detection of abdominal solid organ injury in young children \< 8 years of age with concern for blunt abdominal trauma.

    Time frame: 2 years

  2. Specificity of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound in detection of abdominal solid organ injury in young children <8 years of age

    To determine the specificity of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) compared with standard, abdominal Computer Tomography (CT) in the detection of abdominal solid organ injury in young children \< 8 years of age with concern for blunt abdominal trauma.

    Time frame: 2 years

07

Study locations

1 site
08

References and documents

Publications

  • Wood J, Rubin DM, Nance ML, Christian CW. Distinguishing inflicted versus accidental abdominal injuries in young children. J Trauma. 2005 Nov;59(5):1203-8. doi: 10.1097/01.ta.0000196437.07011.b1. PubMed 16385300 ↗
  • Lutz N, Nance ML, Kallan MJ, Arbogast KB, Durbin DR, Winston FK. Incidence and clinical significance of abdominal wall bruising in restrained children involved in motor vehicle crashes. J Pediatr Surg. 2004 Jun;39(6):972-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2004.02.029. PubMed 15185237 ↗
  • Carter KW, Moulton SL. Pediatric abdominal injury patterns caused by "falls": A comparison between nonaccidental and accidental trauma. J Pediatr Surg. 2016 Feb;51(2):326-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2015.10.056. Epub 2015 Oct 31. PubMed 26850907 ↗
  • Cooper A, Floyd T, Barlow B, Niemirska M, Ludwig S, Seidl T, O'Neill J, Templeton J, Ziegler M, Ross A, et al. Major blunt abdominal trauma due to child abuse. J Trauma. 1988 Oct;28(10):1483-7. doi: 10.1097/00005373-198810000-00015. PubMed 3172310 ↗
  • Lindberg D, Makoroff K, Harper N, Laskey A, Bechtel K, Deye K, Shapiro R; ULTRA Investigators. Utility of hepatic transaminases to recognize abuse in children. Pediatrics. 2009 Aug;124(2):509-16. doi: 10.1542/peds.2008-2348. Epub 2009 Jul 20. PubMed 19620197 ↗
  • Lindberg DM, Shapiro RA, Blood EA, Steiner RD, Berger RP; ExSTRA investigators. Utility of hepatic transaminases in children with concern for abuse. Pediatrics. 2013 Feb;131(2):268-75. doi: 10.1542/peds.2012-1952. Epub 2013 Jan 14. PubMed 23319537 ↗
  • Trout AT, Strouse PJ, Mohr BA, Khalatbari S, Myles JD. Abdominal and pelvic CT in cases of suspected abuse: can clinical and laboratory findings guide its use? Pediatr Radiol. 2011 Jan;41(1):92-8. doi: 10.1007/s00247-010-1847-8. Epub 2010 Oct 9. PubMed 20936274 ↗
  • Hennes HM, Smith DS, Schneider K, Hegenbarth MA, Duma MA, Jona JZ. Elevated liver transaminase levels in children with blunt abdominal trauma: a predictor of liver injury. Pediatrics. 1990 Jul;86(1):87-90. PubMed 2359686 ↗
  • Rothrock SG, Green SM, Morgan R. Abdominal trauma in infants and children: prompt identification and early management of serious and life-threatening injuries. Part I: injury patterns and initial assessment. Pediatr Emerg Care. 2000 Apr;16(2):106-15. doi: 10.1097/00006565-200004000-00012. PubMed 10784214 ↗
  • Goske MJ, Applegate KE, Bulas D, Butler PF, Callahan MJ, Coley BD, Don S, Frush DP, Hernanz-Schulman M, Kaste SC, Morrison G, Sidhu M, Strauss KJ, Treves ST; Alliance for Radiation Safety in Pediatric Imaging. Image Gently: progress and challenges in CT education and advocacy. Pediatr Radiol. 2011 Sep;41 Suppl 2:461-6. doi: 10.1007/s00247-011-2133-0. Epub 2011 Aug 17. PubMed 21847723 ↗
  • Laugesen NG, Nolsoe CP, Rosenberg J. Clinical Applications of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound in the Pediatric Work-Up of Focal Liver Lesions and Blunt Abdominal Trauma: A Systematic Review. Ultrasound Int Open. 2017 Feb;3(1):E2-E7. doi: 10.1055/s-0042-124502. PubMed 28255580 ↗
  • Miele V, Piccolo CL, Trinci M, Galluzzo M, Ianniello S, Brunese L. Diagnostic imaging of blunt abdominal trauma in pediatric patients. Radiol Med. 2016 May;121(5):409-30. doi: 10.1007/s11547-016-0637-2. Epub 2016 Apr 13. PubMed 27075018 ↗
  • Catalano O, Aiani L, Barozzi L, Bokor D, De Marchi A, Faletti C, Maggioni F, Montanari N, Orlandi PE, Siani A, Sidhu PS, Thompson PK, Valentino M, Ziosi A, Martegani A. CEUS in abdominal trauma: multi-center study. Abdom Imaging. 2009 Mar-Apr;34(2):225-34. doi: 10.1007/s00261-008-9452-0. PubMed 18682877 ↗
  • Clevert DA, Weckbach S, Minaifar N, Clevert DA, Stickel M, Reiser M. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound versus MS-CT in blunt abdominal trauma. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc. 2008;39(1-4):155-69. PubMed 18503121 ↗
  • Manetta R, Pistoia ML, Bultrini C, Stavroulis E, Di Cesare E, Masciocchi C. Ultrasound enhanced with sulphur-hexafluoride-filled microbubbles agent (SonoVue) in the follow-up of mild liver and spleen trauma. Radiol Med. 2009 Aug;114(5):771-9. doi: 10.1007/s11547-009-0406-6. Epub 2009 May 30. English, Italian. PubMed 19484583 ↗
  • Thorelius L. Emergency real-time contrast-enhanced ultrasonography for detection of solid organ injuries. Eur Radiol. 2007 Dec;17 Suppl 6:F107-11. doi: 10.1007/s10406-007-0235-4. PubMed 18376464 ↗
  • Valentino M, Serra C, Zironi G, De Luca C, Pavlica P, Barozzi L. Blunt abdominal trauma: emergency contrast-enhanced sonography for detection of solid organ injuries. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2006 May;186(5):1361-7. doi: 10.2214/AJR.05.0027. PubMed 16632732 ↗
  • Piscaglia F, Bolondi L; Italian Society for Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology (SIUMB) Study Group on Ultrasound Contrast Agents. The safety of Sonovue in abdominal applications: retrospective analysis of 23188 investigations. Ultrasound Med Biol. 2006 Sep;32(9):1369-75. doi: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2006.05.031. PubMed 16965977 ↗
  • Oldenburg A, Hohmann J, Skrok J, Albrecht T. Imaging of paediatric splenic injury with contrast-enhanced ultrasonography. Pediatr Radiol. 2004 Apr;34(4):351-4. doi: 10.1007/s00247-003-1092-5. Epub 2003 Dec 2. PubMed 14652701 ↗
  • Valentino M, Serra C, Pavlica P, Labate AM, Lima M, Baroncini S, Barozzi L. Blunt abdominal trauma: diagnostic performance of contrast-enhanced US in children--initial experience. Radiology. 2008 Mar;246(3):903-9. doi: 10.1148/radiol.2463070652. Epub 2008 Jan 14. PubMed 18195385 ↗
  • Menichini G, Sessa B, Trinci M, Galluzzo M, Miele V. Accuracy of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in the identification and characterization of traumatic solid organ lesions in children: a retrospective comparison with baseline US and CE-MDCT. Radiol Med. 2015 Nov;120(11):989-1001. doi: 10.1007/s11547-015-0535-z. Epub 2015 Mar 31. PubMed 25822953 ↗
  • Riccabona M. Application of a second-generation US contrast agent in infants and children--a European questionnaire-based survey. Pediatr Radiol. 2012 Dec;42(12):1471-80. doi: 10.1007/s00247-012-2472-5. Epub 2012 Oct 3. PubMed 23052725 ↗
  • Piskunowicz M, Kosiak W, Batko T, Piankowski A, Polczynska K, Adamkiewicz-Drozynska E. Safety of intravenous application of second-generation ultrasound contrast agent in children: prospective analysis. Ultrasound Med Biol. 2015 Apr;41(4):1095-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2014.11.003. Epub 2015 Feb 18. PubMed 25701526 ↗
  • Yusuf GT, Sellars ME, Deganello A, Cosgrove DO, Sidhu PS. Retrospective Analysis of the Safety and Cost Implications of Pediatric Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound at a Single Center. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2017 Feb;208(2):446-452. doi: 10.2214/AJR.16.16700. Epub 2016 Dec 13. PubMed 27959665 ↗
  • Jacob J, Deganello A, Sellars ME, Hadzic N, Sidhu PS. Contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) characterization of grey-scale sonographic indeterminate focal liver lesions in pediatric practice. Ultraschall Med. 2013 Dec;34(6):529-40. doi: 10.1055/s-0033-1355785. Epub 2013 Oct 16. PubMed 24132647 ↗
  • Bonini G, Pezzotta G, Morzenti C, Agazzi R, Nani R. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound with SonoVue in the evaluation of postoperative complications in pediatric liver transplant recipients. J Ultrasound. 2007 Jun;10(2):99-106. doi: 10.1016/j.jus.2007.02.008. Epub 2007 Jun 13. PubMed 23396596 ↗
  • Knieling F, Strobel D, Rompel O, Zapke M, Menendez-Castro C, Wolfel M, Schulz J, Rascher W, Jungert J. Spectrum, Applicability and Diagnostic Capacity of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound in Pediatric Patients and Young Adults after Intravenous Application - A Retrospective Trial. Ultraschall Med. 2016 Dec;37(6):619-626. doi: 10.1055/s-0042-108429. Epub 2016 Jun 14. PubMed 27300274 ↗
  • Stenzel M. Intravenous contrast-enhanced sonography in children and adolescents - a single center experience. J Ultrason. 2013 Jun;13(53):133-44. doi: 10.15557/JoU.2013.0014. Epub 2013 Jun 30. PubMed 26674117 ↗
  • Rafailidis V, Deganello A, Watson T, Sidhu PS, Sellars ME. Enhancing the role of paediatric ultrasound with microbubbles: a review of intravenous applications. Br J Radiol. 2017 Jan;90(1069):20160556. doi: 10.1259/bjr.20160556. Epub 2016 Sep 26. PubMed 27610750 ↗

Individual participant data

Plan to share: Undecided

09

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reached

Started May 2018 (actual). Primary completion is estimated for Dec 2026, 103 months after the start.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Mar 15, 2018
First posted
Mar 22, 2018
StartActual
May 9, 2018
Primary completionEst.
Dec 2026
CompletionEst.
Dec 2026
Last update
Dec 24, 2025
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Dec 24, 2025, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT03473249
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Mar 22, 2018
Start date
May 9, 2018
Primary completion
Dec 2026 (estimated)
Completion
Dec 2026 (estimated)
Last update
Dec 24, 2025

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
Yes
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is active, not recruiting, as verified in Dec 2025. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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