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CompletedNCT03410797Updated Jan 5, 2021Results posted

Efficacy of a Semi-occluded Mask in the Treatment of Patients With Voice Disorders

An interventional study of Inclusion of semi-occluded mask in voice therapy in Voice and Resonance Disorders, Vocal Fold Polyp and Vocal Cord Cyst, sponsored by Jacqueline Gartner-Schmidt. Completed at 1 site in United States. Open to participants aged 18 Years to 60 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2021-01-05.

Sponsored by Jacqueline Gartner-Schmidt · Not applicable, Interventional, and Treatment

Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
11
Allocation
Not applicable
Ages
18 Years to 60 Years
Sex
All
01

Study summary

Current semi-occluded vocal tract therapies limit the type of vocalizations that can be produced to single vowels, which does not promote learning of the healthy voice behavior in connected speech or generalization to conversation. However, recent preliminary results using a semi-occluded mask indicate that the use of certain mask port diameters may allow for natural speech production while increasing supraglottal pressure and impedance, and thereby result in elicitation of voice with increased efficiency. In addition, the use of a semi-occluded mask provides the possibility for a better transition from phonating single phonemes in therapy to training the target therapy techniques in connected speech.

Read the detailed description

Treatment of voice disorders varies but often involves voice therapy and/or surgical intervention. Voice therapy, a non-invasive behavioral treatment for voice disorders, helps patients develop beneficial voice habits, prevents recurrence of voice disorders, and facilitates long-lasting vocal improvement. Many voice therapy techniques involve a semi-occluded vocal tract (SOVT). SOVT treatment is often characterized by sustained (straw phonation, voiced fricatives, nasals), oral oscillatory (lip buzzes, tongue trills, raspberries) or transitory phonation (plosives and glides). Straw phonation therapy, one of the most utilized SOVT methods, was first proposed in 1904 and involved phonating at different pitches into small glass tubes with varying diameters and lengths providing simultaneous semi-occlusion and extension of the vocal tract. Voice therapy exercises involving voice production with a semi-occluded and sometimes lengthened vocal tract have demonstrated improved vocal efficiency and loudness, reduced mechanical trauma to the vocal fold mucosa, and improved source-filter interaction.Our group recently developed a semi-occluded facemask for use in patients with and without voice disorders. Recent preliminary results using this semi-occluded facemask indicated that the use of a certain mask port diameters may elicit voice with increased efficiency. A study of 5 participants without voice disorders revealed that a mask occlusion diameter of 6.4 and 3.2 mm resulted in improved vocal efficiency. A study of the immediate effects of a semi-occluded facemask in 20 patients with voice disorders revealed that occlusions diameters of 9.6, 6.4, and 3.2 mm all resulted in significant improvements in acoustic and aerodynamic voice outcomes.

02

Conditions studied

  • Voice and Resonance Disorders
  • Vocal Fold Polyp
  • Vocal Cord Cyst
  • Vocal Cord Polyp
  • Atrophy of Vocal Cord

Keywords

  • SOVT
  • semi occluded vocal tract
  • voice disorder
  • voice therapy
  • muscle tension dysphonia
  • MTD
  • vocal fold lesions
  • vocal fold atrophy
03

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years to 60 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Inclusion criteria

  • age 18 to 60
  • diagnosed with vocal fold lesion or polyp or cyst or atrophy or other voice condition (such as muscle tension dysphonia)
  • recommended for voice therapy as treatment for voice disorder

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Current smoker (greater than 5 cigarettes/week)
04

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Not applicable
Intervention model
Single group
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
11 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Other
    Voice Disorder Requiring Voice Therapy

    Individuals with a voice disorder such as muscle tension dysphonia (MTD), vocal fold atrophy or vocal fold lesions recommended for voice therapy as treatment.

    Device: Inclusion of semi-occluded mask in voice therapy

Interventions

  • DeviceInclusion of semi-occluded mask in voice therapy

    Patients will be given a facemask with a semi-occlusion (SOMask) for use during in person voice therapy and for use at home therapy practice.

05

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Change From Baseline in VHI-10 Score After 4 Sessions of Voice Therapy

    VHI-10 is a 10 item, self reported, voice related outcome related to an individual's perception of their vocal quality and how it impacts their life. (Voice Handicap Index) Scale scores range from 0-40 where higher scores correspond to a worse vocal quality.

    Time frame: Baseline and approximately 6-8 weeks later; after completion of voice therapy

Secondary outcomes

  1. Change From Baseline in Cepstral Peak Prominence (dB)

    CPP is an objective evaluation of voice recordings through specialized vocal analysis software.

    Time frame: Baseline and approximately 6-8 weeks later; after completion of voice therapy

  2. Change From Baseline in Cepstral Spectral Index of Dysphonia (CSID--a Multivariate Estimate of Dysphonia Severity)

    CSID is an objective evaluation of voice recordings through specialized vocal analysis software. The CSID is a multifactorial estimate of vocal severity that correlates with the labeled visual analog scale for severity (in %). Normal cutoff range is from 19-24. Values outside of this range are considered to have varying degrees of dysphonia. The values are captured using specialized voice analysis equipment and analyzed using the specialized CSID software. Depending on the voice disorder, CSID can be calculated as both negative and positive integers with no true boundaries.

    Time frame: Baseline and approximately 6-8 weeks later; after completion of voice therapy

  3. Change From Baseline in Mean Airflow in Milliliters (ml) During Reading of Standardized Paragraph

    mean airflow will be captured during the phonatory aerodynamic system (PAS) recording of airflow during the reading of the standardized paragraph.

    Time frame: Baseline and approximately 6-8 weeks later; after completion of voice therapy

  4. Change From Baseline in Mean Vocal Intensity (dB)

    mean vocal intensity will be captured during the phonatory aerodynamic system (PAS) recording of airflow during the reading of the standardized paragraph.

    Time frame: Baseline and approximately 6-8 weeks later; after completion of voice therapy

  5. Change in the Number of Breaths Taken During Reading of Standardized Paragraph

    Numeric value of the number of breaths needed to complete the reading of a paragraph. Values are positive integers

    Time frame: Baseline to post treatment

06

Results

Posted Jan 5, 2021

Participant flow

Participant flow — Overall Study
MilestoneVoice Disorder Requiring Voice Therapy
Started11
Completed11
Not completed0

Outcome measures

PrimaryChange From Baseline in VHI-10 Score After 4 Sessions of Voice Therapy

VHI-10 is a 10 item, self reported, voice related outcome related to an individual's perception of their vocal quality and how it impacts their life. (Voice Handicap Index) Scale scores range from 0-40 where higher scores correspond to a worse vocal quality.

Time frame:
Baseline and approximately 6-8 weeks later; after completion of voice therapy
Reported as:
Median · score on a scale
Change From Baseline in VHI-10 Score After 4 Sessions of Voice Therapy
score on a scaleVoice Disorder Requiring Voice Therapy
Change From Baseline in VHI-10 Score After 4 Sessions of Voice Therapy7 (-3 to 17)
Statistical analysis
  • Voice Disorder Requiring Voice Therapy · Wilcoxon (Mann-Whitney) · p = .0076 · Median difference (net): 7
SecondaryChange From Baseline in Cepstral Peak Prominence (dB)

CPP is an objective evaluation of voice recordings through specialized vocal analysis software.

Time frame:
Baseline and approximately 6-8 weeks later; after completion of voice therapy
Reported as:
Median · dB
Change From Baseline in Cepstral Peak Prominence (dB)
dBVoice Disorder Requiring Voice Therapy
Change From Baseline in Cepstral Peak Prominence (dB)-1.53 (-9.60 to 1.17)
Statistical analysis
  • Voice Disorder Requiring Voice Therapy · Wilcoxon (Mann-Whitney) · p = .0329 · Median difference (final values): -1.53
SecondaryChange From Baseline in Cepstral Spectral Index of Dysphonia (CSID--a Multivariate Estimate of Dysphonia Severity)

CSID is an objective evaluation of voice recordings through specialized vocal analysis software. The CSID is a multifactorial estimate of vocal severity that correlates with the labeled visual analog scale for severity (in %). Normal cutoff range is from 19-24. Values outside of this range are considered to have varying degrees of dysphonia. The values are captured using specialized voice analysis equipment and analyzed using the specialized CSID software. Depending on the voice disorder, CSID can be calculated as both negative and positive integers with no true boundaries.

Time frame:
Baseline and approximately 6-8 weeks later; after completion of voice therapy
Reported as:
Median · units on a scale
Change From Baseline in Cepstral Spectral Index of Dysphonia (CSID--a Multivariate Estimate of Dysphonia Severity)
units on a scaleVoice Disorder Requiring Voice Therapy
Change From Baseline in Cepstral Spectral Index of Dysphonia (CSID--a Multivariate Estimate of Dysphonia Severity)15.39 (-6.92 to 81.95)
Statistical analysis
  • Voice Disorder Requiring Voice Therapy · Wilcoxon (Mann-Whitney) · p = .0164 · Median difference (net): 15.39
SecondaryChange From Baseline in Mean Airflow in Milliliters (ml) During Reading of Standardized Paragraph

mean airflow will be captured during the phonatory aerodynamic system (PAS) recording of airflow during the reading of the standardized paragraph.

Time frame:
Baseline and approximately 6-8 weeks later; after completion of voice therapy
Reported as:
Median · milliliters
Change From Baseline in Mean Airflow in Milliliters (ml) During Reading of Standardized Paragraph
millilitersVoice Disorder Requiring Voice Therapy
Change From Baseline in Mean Airflow in Milliliters (ml) During Reading of Standardized Paragraph-52 (-138 to 105)
Statistical analysis
  • Voice Disorder Requiring Voice Therapy · Wilcoxon (Mann-Whitney) · p = 0.1141 · Median difference (net): -52
SecondaryChange From Baseline in Mean Vocal Intensity (dB)

mean vocal intensity will be captured during the phonatory aerodynamic system (PAS) recording of airflow during the reading of the standardized paragraph.

Time frame:
Baseline and approximately 6-8 weeks later; after completion of voice therapy
Reported as:
Median · decibels
Change From Baseline in Mean Vocal Intensity (dB)
decibelsVoice Disorder Requiring Voice Therapy
Change From Baseline in Mean Vocal Intensity (dB)-1.7 (-19.11 to 6.44)
Statistical analysis
  • Voice Disorder Requiring Voice Therapy · Wilcoxon (Mann-Whitney) · p = .3329 · Median difference (net): -1.70
SecondaryChange in the Number of Breaths Taken During Reading of Standardized Paragraph

Numeric value of the number of breaths needed to complete the reading of a paragraph. Values are positive integers

Time frame:
Baseline to post treatment

No measurements were reported for this outcome.

Adverse events

Collected over approximately 6 weeks for each participant. Non-serious events are listed at a 0% frequency threshold.

Adverse event summary by group
GroupDeathsSeriousOther
Voice Disorder Requiring Voice Therapy0/11 (0%)0/11 (0%)0/11 (0%)

Baseline characteristics

Age, Categorical
Age, Categorical(Participants)Voice Disorder Requiring Voice Therapy
<=18 years0
Between 18 and 65 years11
>=65 years0
Age, Continuous
Age, Continuous(years)Voice Disorder Requiring Voice Therapy
Median38 (19 to 56)
Sex: Female, Male
Sex: Female, Male(Participants)Voice Disorder Requiring Voice Therapy
Female8
Male3
Race and Ethnicity Not Collected
Race and Ethnicity Not Collected(Participants)Voice Disorder Requiring Voice Therapy
Region of Enrollment
Region of Enrollment(participants)Voice Disorder Requiring Voice Therapy
United States11
Voice Handicap Index - 10
Voice Handicap Index - 10(units on a scale)Voice Disorder Requiring Voice Therapy
Mean17 (12 to 34)
Cepstral Peak Prominance-CPP
Cepstral Peak Prominance-CPP(decibels)Voice Disorder Requiring Voice Therapy
Mean10.43 (5.7 to 14.83)
Cepstral Spectral Index of Dysphonia (CSID)
Cepstral Spectral Index of Dysphonia (CSID)(units on a scale)Voice Disorder Requiring Voice Therapy
Mean-3.46 (-13.51 to 66.15)

3 further baseline measures are reported on the registry.

07

Study locations

1 site
  • University of Pittsburgh
    Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15219, United States
08

References and documents

Study documents

  • Protocol and statistical analysis plan · Feb 11, 2020

Documents are hosted by the registry — open the source record to download them.

Individual participant data

Plan to share: Yes — Any data shared would be completely de-identified. Currently there is no plan to share information at this time.

Supporting information: Study protocol, Sap, Icf

09

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT03410797
Lead sponsor
Jacqueline Gartner-Schmidt
Responsible party
Jacqueline Gartner-Schmidt (Professor, University of Pittsburgh) — Sponsor-investigator
First posted
Jan 25, 2018
Start date
Jun 19, 2018
Primary completion
Sep 30, 2019
Completion
Dec 30, 2019
Results posted
Jan 5, 2021
Last update
Jan 5, 2021

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
Yes
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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