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CompletedNCT03365635HDUpdated Dec 15, 2021Results posted

Administration of Zepatier (Grazoprevir Plus Elbasvir) in Chronic Hemodialysis (HD) Patients With Hepatitis C

A Phase 4 interventional study of Elbasvir 50 MG / Grazoprevir 100 MG [Zepatier] in Hepatitis C, Hemodialysis and Nosocomial Infection, sponsored by University of Pennsylvania. Completed at 1 site in United States. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2021-12-15.

Sponsored by University of Pennsylvania · Phase 4, Interventional, and Treatment

Phase
Phase 4
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
6
Allocation
Non-randomized
Ages
18 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Study summary

This is a study to define strategies for Nephrologists to directly supervise and apply direct acting antivirals to cure hepatitis C in hemodialysis patients. Strategies will include identification of candidate patients, application for insurance approval, specifics of direct acting antiviral therapy (Zepatier with or without ribavirin) and laboratory monitoring during and after therapy.

Read the detailed description

Background - Hepatitis C (HCV) is common in hemodialysis (HD) patients with reported prevalences of 25%, By 2020, predicted 775,000 hemodialysis patients in the US, of whom 109,000 will have HCV. Hepatitis C is associated with increased mortality in HD patients, decreased kidney allograft survival, and a source of nosocomial infection in hemodialysis units. Currently drugs to cure HCV - direct acting antivirals (DAA) which can be safely given to HD patients are now available. A significant portion of the medical care provided to HD patients is by Nephrologists and HD staff.

Goals of Protocol - 1. Provide guidelines for implementation and monitoring of DAA therapy in HD patients with HCV 2. Provide Nephrologists strategies for identification of candidate HD patients, obtainment of third party approval for DAA payment, specific drug dosing protocols based on genome type of HCV, and laboratory and clinical monitoring during DDA therapy. 3, By reducing the pool of HCV patients in a HD Unit, the risk of nosocomial transmission of HCV t o other patients and staff will be reduced

Study Design - an interventional, prospective, non-randomized, non-blinded trial to evaluate real world strategies to identify and treat HCV infected patients with Zepatier

Study Procedures 1. Patients who meet inclusion criteria without exclusion criteria be assigned treatment with Zepatier with or without Ribavirin according to following schedule: (a) Genotype 1a - treatment naive without NS5A polymorphism - Zepatier one tablet (100 mg grazoprevir and 50 mg elbasvir) per day for 12 weeks (b) Genotype 1a - treatment naiive with NS5A polymorphism - Zepatier one tablet daily and ribavirin (200 mg) daily for 16 weeks (c) Genotype 1b-treatment naive - Zepatier one daily for 12 weeks (d) Genotype 1a or 1b - prior treatment with INF or HCV NS3/4A protease inhibitor - Zepatier and ribavirin each once daily for 12 weeks (e) Genotype 4 - treatment naive - Zepatier one daily for 12 weeks (f)Genotype 4 -prior treatment - Zepatier and ribavirin each once per day for 16 weeks

Baseline/Screening Testing: 1. HCV genotype testing 2. HCV viral RNA load 3. Liver function tests 4, Protime, Partial Thromboplastin time 5. HIV - if positive, then determine viral RNA and CD4 and T cell count 6. Liver biopsy (within 24 mo of treatment) or Fibroscan within 12 mo of treatment 7. Hepatitis BsAg 8. For patients with HCV genotype 1a, test fro NS5A mutation

Treatment of HIV/HCV co-infected patients will be done in collaboration with the HIV treating physician to determine if any adjustments in the HIV drug regimen will be required

Testing/Evaluations during Active DAA Treatment - 1. LFT and RNA HCV viral load at week 4, 8, and 12. For patients on 16 weeks of treatment, LFT at week 16 as well 2. For patients on combination Zepatier and ribavirin, hemoglobin monitoring every week during treatment 3. Clinical pharmacology evaluation for compliance and adverse events at week 4,8,and 12 (and week 16 for patients on 16 week treatment)

Testing/Evaluation Post DAA Treament - 1, RNA viral load at 12 weeks post treatment 2. Clinical Pharmacologoy evaluation 12 weeks post treatment for adverse events 3. patients who achieve sustained viral remission at 12 weeks will be identified in HD records as HCV ab positive but HCV viral load RNA negative

02

Conditions studied

  • Hepatitis C
  • Hemodialysis
  • Nosocomial Infection
03

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Inclusion criteria

  • Hemodialysis patient
  • > age 18 years old
  • Hepatitis C antibody positive and Hepatitis C RNA Quantification positive
  • Hepatitis C genomes 1a, 1b, or 4
  • Prior Interferon , ribavirin treatment failures , partial responders, or intolerance to these treatment allowed to enroll
  • Not of reproductive potential - hemodialysis patients must have no menses for 12 months
  • Males with partners of reproductive potential as along a 2 reliable forms of contraception are used simultaneously during treatment and for 6 months after completion of treatment
  • Ability to understand the study procedures, alternative treatments available, risks of participating in the study, and voluntarily agree to participate

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Currently undergoing active treatment for HCV with a direct acting antiviral or have previously successfully been treated with a direct acting antiviral
  • Have moderate or severe hepatic disease - Child-Pugh B or C
  • Have evidence of decompensated liver disease manifested by ascites, gastric or variceal bleeding, hepatic encephalopathy, or other signs/symptoms of advanced liver disease
  • Co-administration of known heaptotoxic drugs including but not limited to : etofoxine, isoniazid, nitrofurantoin, phenytoin
  • Use of strong CYP3A/P-gp inhibitors, organic acid transporting polypeptide 1B1/3 inhibitors, strong inducers of cytochrome 450 3A (CYP3A), efavirenz, or other drugs which may interact with elbasvir/grazoprevir as per package insert
  • history of substance abuse with alcohol, intravenous drugs, psychotropics, narcotics, cocaine use within 1 year of screening for study
  • history of any condition, pre-study lab abnormality, or ECG abnormality or history of any illness which in the opinion of the investigators might confound the results of the study or pose additional risks from the administration of elbasvir/grazoprevir
  • Have evidence of history of chronic hepatitis not caused by HCV including but not limited to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), drug induced hepatitis, and autoimmune hepatitis
04

Study design

Phase
Phase 4
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Non-randomized
Intervention model
Single group
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
6 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Genotype 1a -Rx naive -no NS5A polymorph

    Genotype 1a - treatment naive without NS5A polymorphism - Drug Intervention : Oral administration Elbasvir (50mg)/Grazoprevir (100mg) one tablet per day for 12 weeks

    Drug: Elbasvir 50 MG / Grazoprevir 100 MG [Zepatier]

  • Experimental
    Genotype 1a, Rx naive + NS5A polymorph

    Genotype 1a - treatment naiive with NS5A polymorphism - Oral administration of Elbasvir/Grazoprevir one tablet daily and ribavirin (200 mg) daily for 16 weeks weeks

    Drug: Elbasvir 50 MG / Grazoprevir 100 MG [Zepatier]

  • Experimental
    Genotype 1b - Rx naive

    Genotype 1b-treatment naive - Oral administration of Elbasvir/Grazoprevir one daily for 12 weeks

    Drug: Elbasvir 50 MG / Grazoprevir 100 MG [Zepatier]

  • Experimental
    Genotype 1a/1b -prior INF or NS3/4A

    Genotype 1a or 1b - prior treatment with INF or HCV NS3/4A protease inhibitor - oral administration of Elbasvir/Grazoprevir and ribavirin each once daily for 12 weeks

    Drug: Elbasvir 50 MG / Grazoprevir 100 MG [Zepatier]

  • Experimental
    Genotype4 - treatment naive

    (e) Genotype 4 - treatment naive - oral administration of Elbasvir/Grazoprevir one daily for 12 weeks

    Drug: Elbasvir 50 MG / Grazoprevir 100 MG [Zepatier]

  • Experimental
    Genotype 4- prior treatment

    Genotype 4 -prior treatment - oral administration of Elbasvir/Grazoprevir and ribavirin each once per day for 16 weeks

    Drug: Elbasvir 50 MG / Grazoprevir 100 MG [Zepatier]

Interventions

  • DrugElbasvir 50 MG / Grazoprevir 100 MG [Zepatier]

    Same as described in arm description

    Also known as: Ribavirin 200 mg

05

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. SVR - Sustained Virologic Response

    Absence of HCV by viral RNA quantitation at 12 weeks post treatment

    Time frame: 12 weeks after completion of Elbasivir/Grazoprevir treatment

Secondary outcomes

  1. Approval for DAA by Third Party Payers

    The number of participants for whom their third party insurance approved payment of the DAA (study drug)

    Time frame: Within one month of last patient enrolled

06

Results

Posted Dec 15, 2021
Limitations and caveats
We anticipated screening 30 patients and enrolling 25 patients. However, there was a significant delay in the regulatory approvals for the protocol and during this delay period, many of the potential patients ultimately received direct acting antivirals from the primary care physicians or other physicians outside of Nephrology

Participant flow

Patients from an outpatient hemodialysis unit were recruited between October 2019 and April 2020

Participant flow — Overall Study
MilestoneGenotype 1a -Rx Naive -no NS5A PolymorphGenotype 1a, Rx Naive + NS5A PolymorphGenotype 1b - Rx NaiveGenotype 1a/1b -Prior INF or NS3/4AGenotype4 - Treatment NaiveGenotype 4- Prior Treatment
Started301000
Completed301000
Not completed000000

Outcome measures

PrimarySVR - Sustained Virologic Response

Absence of HCV by viral RNA quantitation at 12 weeks post treatment

Time frame:
12 weeks after completion of Elbasivir/Grazoprevir treatment
Reported as:
Count of participants · Participants
SVR - Sustained Virologic Response
ParticipantsGenotype 1a -Rx Naive -no NS5A PolymorphGenotype 1a, Rx Naive + NS5A PolymorphGenotype 1b - Rx NaiveGenotype 1a/1b -Prior INF or NS3/4AGenotype4 - Treatment NaiveGenotype 4- Prior Treatment
SVR - Sustained Virologic Response30100—
SecondaryApproval for DAA by Third Party Payers

The number of participants for whom their third party insurance approved payment of the DAA (study drug)

Time frame:
Within one month of last patient enrolled
Reported as:
Count of participants · Participants
Approval for DAA by Third Party Payers
ParticipantsGenotype 1a -Rx Naive -no NS5A PolymorphGenotype 1a, Rx Naive + NS5A PolymorphGenotype 1b - Rx NaiveGenotype 1a/1b -Prior INF or NS3/4AGenotype4 - Treatment NaiveGenotype 4- Prior Treatment
Approval for DAA by Third Party Payers0—0———

Adverse events

Collected over 24 weeks from start of therapy. Non-serious events are listed at a 0% frequency threshold.

Adverse event summary by group
GroupDeathsSeriousOther
Genotype 1a -Rx Naive -no NS5A Polymorph0/3 (0%)0/3 (0%)0/3 (0%)
Genotype 1a, Rx Naive + NS5A Polymorph———
Genotype 1b - Rx Naive0/1 (0%)0/1 (0%)0/1 (0%)
Genotype 1a/1b -Prior INF or NS3/4A———
Genotype4 - Treatment Naive———
Genotype 4- Prior Treatment———

Baseline characteristics

Genotype 1a, Rx naive + NS5A polymorph, Genotype 1a/1b - prior INF or NS3/4A, Genotype 4- treatment naive and prior treatment - none of the recruited patients fell into these categories after initial screening

Age, Categorical
Age, Categorical(Participants)Genotype 1a -Rx Naive -no NS5A PolymorphGenotype 1a, Rx Naive + NS5A PolymorphGenotype 1b - Rx NaiveGenotype 1a/1b -Prior INF or NS3/4AGenotype4 - Treatment NaiveGenotype 4- Prior TreatmentTotal
<=18 years0000000
Between 18 and 65 years0—00000
>=65 years3010004
Sex: Female, Male
Sex: Female, Male(Participants)Genotype 1a -Rx Naive -no NS5A PolymorphGenotype 1a, Rx Naive + NS5A PolymorphGenotype 1b - Rx NaiveGenotype 1a/1b -Prior INF or NS3/4AGenotype4 - Treatment NaiveGenotype 4- Prior TreatmentTotal
Female1—0———1
Male2—1———3
Race (NIH/OMB)
Race (NIH/OMB)(Participants)Genotype 1a -Rx Naive -no NS5A PolymorphGenotype 1a, Rx Naive + NS5A PolymorphGenotype 1b - Rx NaiveGenotype 1a/1b -Prior INF or NS3/4AGenotype4 - Treatment NaiveGenotype 4- Prior TreatmentTotal
American Indian or Alaska Native0—0———0
Asian0—0———0
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander0—0———0
Black or African American3—1———4
White0—0———0
More than one race0—0———0
Unknown or Not Reported0—0———0
Region of Enrollment
Region of Enrollment(participants)Genotype 1a -Rx Naive -no NS5A PolymorphGenotype 1a, Rx Naive + NS5A PolymorphGenotype 1b - Rx NaiveGenotype 1a/1b -Prior INF or NS3/4AGenotype4 - Treatment NaiveGenotype 4- Prior TreatmentTotal
United States3—1———4
07

Study locations

1 site
  • Penn Presbyterian Medical Center
    Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19428, United States
08

References and documents

Publications

  • Roth D, Nelson DR, Bruchfeld A, Liapakis A, Silva M, Monsour H Jr, Martin P, Pol S, Londono MC, Hassanein T, Zamor PJ, Zuckerman E, Wan S, Jackson B, Nguyen BY, Robertson M, Barr E, Wahl J, Greaves W. Grazoprevir plus elbasvir in treatment-naive and treatment-experienced patients with hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection and stage 4-5 chronic kidney disease (the C-SURFER study): a combination phase 3 study. Lancet. 2015 Oct 17;386(10003):1537-45. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00349-9. Epub 2015 Oct 5. Erratum In: Lancet. 2015 Nov 7;386(10006):1824. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00767-9. PubMed 26456905 ↗
  • Goodkin DA, Bieber B, Jadoul M, Martin P, Kanda E, Pisoni RL. Mortality, Hospitalization, and Quality of Life among Patients with Hepatitis C Infection on Hemodialysis. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2017 Feb 7;12(2):287-297. doi: 10.2215/CJN.07940716. Epub 2016 Dec 1. PubMed 27908905 ↗
  • Zaki MSE. The effect of Hepatitis C Virus infection on cardiovascular complications in end stage kidney disease patients on regular hemodialysis. Electron Physician. 2017 Feb 25;9(2):3857-3861. doi: 10.19082/3857. eCollection 2017 Feb. PubMed 28465818 ↗
  • Jadoul M, Horsmans Y. Towards eradication of hepatitis C virus from dialysis units. Lancet. 2015 Oct 17;386(10003):1514-5. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00381-5. Epub 2015 Oct 5. No abstract available. PubMed 26456906 ↗
  • Lo Re V. Extrahepatic Complications of Hepatitis C Virus Infection in HIV and the Impact of Successful Antiviral Treatment. Clin Infect Dis. 2017 Feb 15;64(4):498-500. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciw814. No abstract available. PubMed 28172488 ↗
  • Cacoub P, Desbois AC, Isnard-Bagnis C, Rocatello D, Ferri C. Hepatitis C virus infection and chronic kidney disease: Time for reappraisal. J Hepatol. 2016 Oct;65(1 Suppl):S82-S94. doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2016.06.011. PubMed 27641990 ↗
  • Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO). KDIGO clinical practice guidelines for the prevention, diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of hepatitis C in chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int Suppl. 2008 Apr;(109):S1-99. doi: 10.1038/ki.2008.81. No abstract available. PubMed 18382440 ↗
  • Rao AK, Luckman E, Wise ME, MacCannell T, Blythe D, Lin Y, Xia G, Drobeniuc J, Noble-Wang J, Arduino MJ, Thompson ND, Patel PR, Wilson LE. Outbreak of hepatitis C virus infections at an outpatient hemodialysis facility: the importance of infection control competencies. Nephrol Nurs J. 2013 Mar-Apr;40(2):101-10, 164; quiz 111. PubMed 23785746 ↗

Study documents

  • Study protocol · Aug 13, 2018
  • Statistical analysis plan · Aug 13, 2018
  • Informed consent form · Aug 13, 2018

Documents are hosted by the registry — open the source record to download them.

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No — No research reason to share IPD to other researchers

09

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT03365635
Lead sponsor
University of Pennsylvania
Collaborators
Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC
Responsible party
Michael Rudnick (Principle Investigator, University of Pennsylvania) — Principal investigator
First posted
Dec 7, 2017
Start date
Sep 22, 2019
Primary completion
May 1, 2020
Completion
Sep 1, 2020
Results posted
Dec 15, 2021
Last update
Dec 15, 2021

Study contacts

Michael R Rudnick, MD
principal investigator · University of Pennsylvania Health System

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
Yes
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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