ClinicalTrials.gg
CompletedNCT03359837SWITCHUpdated Apr 25, 2022

Comparison of Two Treatment Regimens in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes After Short-term Intensive Insulin Therapy

A Phase 4 interventional study of INSULIN GLARGINE (HOE901) and Insulin Glulisine in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, sponsored by Sanofi. Completed at 1 site in China. Open to participants aged 18 Years to 70 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2022-04-25.

Sponsored by Sanofi · Phase 4, Interventional, and Treatment

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Phase
Phase 4
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
384
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years to 70 Years
Sex
All
01

Where this study stands

Counted across the records on this site · 2026-11-13

Among 176 studies testing Insulin Glargine in Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 — 4 open to participants now, 6 under way, 1 of them phase 3. Insulin Glargine · Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2.

Enrollment
61st of 175
384 · median 253
Started
2018
with 6 others
Phase 4
103 of 176
2 open now
Registered
145th of 176
by date
Lead sponsor
82 of 176
Sanofi

Among the 176 studies testing Insulin Glargine in Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, this one is the 61st largest by enrollment of the 175 interventional ones that give a count, is one of 7 that started in 2018, is one of 103 in phase 4, and was the 145th registered.

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2

10,378 studies on the registry are indexed under Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; 1,410 are open to participants now.

Browse Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 studies →

Open to participants now

4 of the 176 studies testing Insulin Glargine in Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 are open now, in 2 countries. Recruiting first, the newest first:

By country, each count listing its studies:

All 4 open studies →

About Insulin Glargine

Insulin Glargine: first FDA approval 2000 (LANTUS SOLOSTAR), first EMA approval 2000. What it is approved for, and how studies give it, is on its page →

Who these studies take

Of the 882 Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 studies recruiting now, 374 (42%) set no upper age limit and 383 (43%) stop at 75 or younger; 52 take children under 18; 203 take healthy volunteers.

This study: 18 Years to 70 Years · all sexes · no healthy volunteers.

The full table on the hub →

This tab as a report to print or save as PDF → With an account.

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Watch this landscapeDownload CSVNarrow it in search →With an account: a weekly mail of what changed among 176 studies testing Insulin Glargine in Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, or all of them as a file.
02

Study summary

Primary Objective:

To test the hypothesis that basal insulin based treatment (G+) is noninferior to twice-daily premixed insulin (PM-2) in term of hemoglobin A1c (glycosylated hemoglobin, HbA1c) reduction from baseline to end of study. The test for superiority can be done if noninferiority is achieved.

Secondary Objectives:

  • To assess efficacy in terms of percentage of patients achieving HbA1c \<7% and HbA1c \<7% without hypoglycemia.
  • To assess efficacy in terms of percentage of patients achieving fasting plasma glucose (FPG) \<7 mmol/L and FPG \<7 mmol/L without hypoglycemia.
  • To assess safety in term of occurrence of moderate/severe hypoglycemia.
  • To assess daily blood glucose (BG) variation.
  • To assess patient satisfaction.
Read the detailed description

The duration of study is approximately 21 months. Each patient will be followed for approximately 27 weeks from screening visit to end-of-study

03

Conditions studied

  • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years to 70 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • Patients with age between 18 and 70 years.
  • >7.5%, and ≤11%.
  • Fasting plasma glucose >7 mmol/L.
  • Fasting C peptide >1 ng/mL.
  • Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) patients with diabetes diagnosis between 2 and 10 years (World Health Organization 1999 T2DM diagnose criteria).
  • Continuous treatment with stable doses of metformin (≥1 g/day) and 1 oral antihyperglycemic drug (at least half maximum dose) for more than 3 months prior to screening.
  • ≥21 kg/m2, and \<40 kg/m2.

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion criteria:

  • More than 7 consecutive days of insulin treatment within the 12 months except for acute disease or surgery.
  • Diabetes other than T2DM (e.g. type 1 diabetes, diabetes secondary to pancreatic disorders, drug or chemical agent intake).
  • History of hypoglycemia unawareness or recurrent hypoglycemia or severe hypoglycemia within the past 12 months.
  • History of sensitivity to the study drugs or to drugs with a similar chemical structure.
  • Pregnancy or planned pregnancy or current lactation (women of must have a negative pregnancy test at study entry and a medically approved method).
  • Acute diabetic complications (diabetic ketoacidosis, lactic acidosis, hyperosmolar nonketotic diabetic coma) within the past 12 months.
  • Significant diabetic complications and serious disease, e.g., symptomatic autonomic neuropathy, gastroparesis, unstable angina or active proliferative retinopathy.
  • Acute infections which may affect BG control within the past 4 weeks.
  • Active liver disease, (ALT) and/or aspartate aminotransferase (AST) greater than two times the upper limit of the reference range at screening.
  • Impaired renal function, defined as but not limited to, serum creatinine levels ≥1.5 mg/dL (132 μmol/L) for males and ≥1.4 mg/dL (123 μmol/L) for females or presence of macroproteinuria (>2 g/day).

The above information is not intended to contain all considerations relevant to a patient's potential participation in a clinical trial.

Terms in these criteria, in plain language(5)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

HbA1c

A blood test of average blood sugar over the past two to three months, given as a percentage or in mmol/mol. 6.5% (48 mmol/mol) or more is the usual threshold for diabetes, normally confirmed by a second test.

BMI (body mass index)

Weight in kilograms divided by height in metres squared. Example: 70 kg and 1.75 m gives 70 ÷ (1.75 × 1.75) ≈ 22.9.

What counts as overweight or obesity differs between countries (some use lower cut-offs), so go by the range the study states.

Childbearing potential

Able to become pregnant: from the first period until menopause, unless permanently unable to through surgery (removal of the womb, or of both ovaries or both fallopian tubes).

Criteria for people of childbearing potential usually ask for a negative pregnancy test and for contraception during the study and for a time after it.

Contraception

Ways of preventing pregnancy. “Highly effective” methods fail less than 1% of the time a year when used correctly — for example an IUD or an implant.

Criteria usually say which methods count and how long to keep using them after the last dose, sometimes for male participants too. Some studies accept a partner’s vasectomy if it was confirmed successful and that person is the participant’s only sexual partner.

ALT and AST (liver enzymes)

Two enzymes measured in a routine blood test of the liver. Higher levels can mean the liver is under strain or damaged. SGPT and SGOT are older names for ALT and AST.

Criteria usually give a limit as a multiple of the upper limit of normal (ULN), often higher when cancer has spread to the liver.

05

Study design

Phase
Phase 4
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
384 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Glargine based therapy

    Once daily glargine plus prandial oral anti-hyperglycemic drugs

    Drug: INSULIN GLARGINE (HOE901) · Drug: Insulin Glulisine · Drug: Repaglinide · Drug: Acarbose

  • Active comparator
    Premixed insulin

    Twice daily premixed insulin

    Drug: Biphasic insulin aspart 30 · Drug: Metformin

Interventions

  • Pharmaceutical form: solution for injection Route of administration: subcutaneous injection

    Also known as: Lantus

  • Pharmaceutical form: solution for injection Route of administration: subcutaneous injection

    Also known as: Apidra

  • DrugBiphasic insulin aspart 30

    Pharmaceutical form: solution for injection Route of administration: subcutaneous injection

    Also known as: Novolog Mix70/30

  • Pharmaceutical form: tablet Route of administration: oral administration

    Also known as: NovoNorm

  • Pharmaceutical form: tablet Route of administration: oral administration

    Also known as: Glucobay

  • Pharmaceutical form: tablet or capsule Route of administration: oral administration

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Change in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)

    Change in HbA1c from baseline to week 24

    Time frame: Baseline to Week 24

Secondary outcomes

  1. Patients with fasting plasma glucose (FPG) <6.1 mmol/L

    Percentage of patients with FPG \<6.1 mmol/L at week 12 and week 24

    Time frame: At Week 12 and Week 24

  2. Patients with FPG <6.1 mmol/L without hypoglycemia

    Percentage of patients with FPG \<6.1 mmol/L without hypoglycemia at week 12 and week 24

    Time frame: At Week 12 and Week 24

  3. Patients with FPG <7 mmol/L

    Percentage of patients with FPG \<7 mmol/L at week 12 and week 2

    Time frame: At Week 12 and Week 24

  4. Patients with FPG <7 mmol/L without hypoglycemia

    Percentage of patients with FPG \<7 mmol/L without hypoglycemia at week 12 and week 24

    Time frame: At Week 12 and Week 24

  5. Patients with HbA1c <7%

    Percentage of patients with HbA1c \<7% at week 12 and week 24

    Time frame: At Week 12 and Week 24

  6. Patients with HbA1c <7% without hypoglycemia

    Percentage of patients with HbA1c \<7% without hypoglycemia at week 12 and week 24

    Time frame: At Week 12 and Week 24

  7. Hypoglycemic events

    Incidence of hypoglycemia during treatment period

    Time frame: Baseline to Week 24

  8. Change in FPG

    Change in FPG from baseline to week 24

    Time frame: Baseline to Week 24

  9. Change in body weight

    Change in body weight from baseline to week 24

    Time frame: Baseline to Week 24

  10. Insulin dose

    Total daily insulin dose at week 24

    Time frame: At Week 24

  11. Daily BG variation at week 24

    Daily blood glucose (BG) variation at week 24

    Time frame: At Week 24

  12. European quality of life - 5 dimensions (EQ-5D)

    Change in quality of life scores from baseline to week 24 on 5 dimensions: mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression. Each dimension is measured at 5 levels: no problems, slight problems, moderate problems, severe problems and extreme problem.

    Time frame: Baseline to Week 24

  13. Subgroup analysis

    Subgroup analysis of control rate of HbA1c \<7% according to duration of diabetes, oral anti-hyperglycemic drug(OAD) treatment and HbA1c at screening, FPG, post prandial glucose(PPG) excursion and C peptide at the beginning of run-in period, insulin dose at end of run-in period

    Time frame: At week 24

07

Study locations

1 site
  • CHINA
    China, China
08

References and documents

Publications

  • Liu J, Jiang X, Xu B, Wang G, Cui N, Zhang X, Liu J, Mu Y, Guo L. Efficacy and Safety of Basal Insulin-Based Treatment Versus Twice-Daily Premixed Insulin After Short-Term Intensive Insulin Therapy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in China: Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial (BEYOND V). Adv Ther. 2020 Apr;37(4):1675-1687. doi: 10.1007/s12325-020-01265-6. Epub 2020 Mar 4. PubMed 32130661 ↗

Individual participant data

Plan to share: Yes — Qualified researchers may request access to patient level data and related study documents including the clinical study report, study protocol with any amendments, blank case report form, statistical analysis plan, and dataset specifications. Patient level data will be anonymized and study documents will be redacted to protect the privacy of trial participants. Further details on Sanofi's data sharing criteria, eligible studies, and process for requesting access can be found at: https://vivli.org

09

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reachedSimilar studies: half by the dot; the band is the middle halfHalf of similar studies reached it by the dot; the band is the middle half, from a quarter to three quarters

Ran from Jan 2018 to primary completion in Jun 2020, 29 months.

Of 132 industry-sponsored phase 4 interventional studies under Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, half reached primary completion within 19 months of starting (the median), counting those still running; a quarter within 12 and three quarters within 28. This study's 29 months is above that.

Counting every sponsor, half of 452 studies reached it within 24 months; a quarter within 13 and three quarters within 42.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Nov 21, 2017
First posted
Dec 2, 2017
StartActual
Jan 20, 2018
Primary completionActual
Jun 29, 2020
CompletionActual
Jun 29, 2020
Last update
Apr 25, 2022
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Apr 25, 2022, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT03359837
Lead sponsor
Sanofi
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Dec 2, 2017
Start date
Jan 20, 2018
Primary completion
Jun 29, 2020
Completion
Jun 29, 2020
Last update
Apr 25, 2022

Study contacts

Clinical Sciences & Operations
study director · Sanofi

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is completed, as verified in Apr 2022. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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Discussion

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Studies of the drugs tested here: Insulin Glargine · Insulin glulisine · Repaglinide · Acarbose

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