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CompletedNCT03352466NasoShieldUpdated Jun 24, 2025

NasoShield Study of Safety and Immunogenicity

A Phase 1 interventional study of NasoShield and BioThrax in Healthy Volunteers, sponsored by Altimmune, Inc.. Completed at 2 sites in United States. Open to participants aged 18 Years to 49 Years, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2025-06-24.

Sponsored by Altimmune, Inc. · Phase 1, Interventional, and Prevention

From the registry’s dates

  • Primary completion was May 2019, 7 years 5 months ago, and no results have been posted to the registry.
Phase
Phase 1
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
145
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years to 49 Years
Sex
All
01

Study summary

This study is a Phase 1, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-escalation clinical trial to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of NasoShield in healthy adults 18 to 49 years of age.

Read the detailed description

This study is a Phase 1, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-escalation clinical trial to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of NasoShield in healthy adults 18 to 49 years of age. Subjects will be screened within 28 days of randomization (Day 1). The study is comprised of 2 parts:

  • Part A: Approximately 120 subjects who meet all inclusion and no exclusion criteria and provide written informed consent will be enrolled into 4 sequential cohorts of 30 subjects each defined by the NasoShield dose (1×108, 1×109, 1×1010, and 1×1011 vp). Within each cohort (and the sentinel group in the first dose cohort), subjects will be randomized in a 4:1:1 ratio to receive 1 intranasal dose of NasoShield (Day 1), 1 intranasal dose of placebo (Day 1), or 3 subcutaneous 0.5 mL doses of BioThrax 14 days apart (Days 1, 15, and 29). NasoShield and placebo will be administered in a double-blind fashion, and BioThrax will be administered in an open-label fashion.
  • Part B: Approximately 25 subjects who meet all inclusion and no exclusion criteria and provide written informed consent will be randomized in a 4:1 ratio to receive 2 intranasal doses of NasoShield at the highest well tolerated dose from Part A or placebo 21 days apart (Days 1 and 22). NasoShield and placebo will be administered in a double-blind fashion.

Subjects will return to the investigational site for multiple visits through Day 361. At each visit, the subject will be asked about the interim medical history and use of any medications, and safety and immunogenicity assessments will be performed.

02

Conditions studied

  • Healthy Volunteers

Browse trials for

Keywords

  • Anthrax
03

In context

Anthrax

75 studies on the registry are indexed under Anthrax; 12 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 145 is above the median of 100 across 57 interventional studies indexed under Anthrax.

Browse Anthrax studies →

Lead sponsor

Altimmune, Inc. is the lead sponsor of 20 studies on the registry; 1 is open to participants now.

Of its 14 completed or terminated interventional studies of FDA-regulated products, 4 (29%) have results posted.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years to 49 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
Yes

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  1. Men and women 18 to 49 years of age, inclusive
  2. Good general health status as determined by the Investigator
  3. Adequate venous access for repeated phlebotomies
  4. Screening laboratory results within institutional normal range or Grade 1 abnormality if the Investigator documents clinical insignificance. Creatine kinase or may be Grade 2 if associated with normal (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and the Investigator considers the result not to be due to vigorous exercise or Gilbert's syndrome
  5. Negative drug and alcohol screen at Screening and predose on Day 1
  6. For women who have not been surgically sterilized and do not have laboratory confirmation of status, negative pregnancy test
  7. Willingness to practice a highly effective method of : abstinence, sex only with persons of the same sex, monogamous relationship with a postmenopausal partner, monogamous relationship with vasectomized partner, vasectomy, surgical sterilization (hysterectomy, bilateral tubal ligation, salpingectomy, or oophorectomy), licensed hormonal methods, intrauterine device (IUD), or consistent use of a barrier method (eg, condom, diaphragm) with spermicide for 28 days after the last IP dose
  8. Willingness to participate and comply with all aspects of the study through the entire study period, including nasopharyngeal swabs and blood and urine samples
  9. Provision of written

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria

  1. Pregnant, possibly pregnant, or lactating women
  2. Household contacts of pregnant women, children \< 5 years of age, or individuals for the period up through 2 weeks postvaccination
  3. Persons who care for pregnant women, children \< 5 years of age, or immunocompromised individuals for the period up through 2 weeks postvaccination
  4. > 35.0 kg/m2
  5. Positive result for , virus, or virus at Screening
  6. Asthma or other chronic lung disease that is greater than mild in severity. Specifically excluded are participants with any of the following events in the past year:

    • Daily symptoms
    • Daily use of short acting beta 2 agonists
    • Use of inhaled or theophylline
    • Use of pulse systemic steroids
    • Emergency care or hospitalization related to asthma or other chronic lung disease
    • Systemic steroids for asthma exacerbation
  7. History of diabetes mellitus (gestational diabetes is allowed if treatment was not required postpartum and serum glucose is currently in the normal range)
  8. History of coronary artery disease, arrhythmia, or congestive heart failure
  9. abnormality as determined by the Investigator
  10. Poorly controlled hypertension (systolic blood pressure > 150 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure > 95 mmHg) at Screening or predose on Day 1
  11. History of anaphylaxis or angioedema
  12. Known allergy to any of the ingredients in the vaccine formulation
  13. Known allergy or sensitivity to latex
  14. History of chronic rhinitis, nasal septal defect, cleft palate, nasal polyps, or other nasal abnormality that might affect vaccine administration
  15. Previous nasal surgery or nasal cauterization
  16. Any symptoms of upper respiratory infection or temperature > 38°C within 3 days before Day 1
  17. Any symptoms within 24 hours before Day 1 of upper respiratory illness or allergy flare-up that, in the opinion of the Investigator, presents as nasal congestion or rhinorrhea that could inhibit the proper administration of the IP
  18. Known or suspected , excluding non-melanoma skin cancers and other early stage surgically excised malignancies that the Investigator considers to be exceedingly unlikely to recur
  19. Immunocompromised individuals, including those who have used corticosteroids (including intranasal steroids), alkylating drugs, antimetabolites, radiation, immune-modulating biologics, or other immunomodulating therapies within 90 days before Day 1 or those who plan use during the study period
  20. Use of statin medication within 30 days before Day 1 (see list in Section 6.8.1)
  21. Receipt of intranasal medications (including over-the-counter medications) within 30 days before Day 1
  22. Receipt of any IP within 30 days before Day 1
  23. Receipt of any vaccine within 30 days before Day 1
  24. Receipt of intranasal vaccine within 90 days before Day 1
  25. Receipt of any licensed or anthrax vaccine
  26. Any change in medication for a chronic medical condition within 30 days before Day 1
  27. Past regular use or current use of intranasal illicit drugs
  28. Smokers, including smoking of any type (eg, cigarettes, electronic cigarettes, marijuana). Prior smokers must have quit smoking at least 30 days before Day 1.
  29. Any medical, psychiatric, or social condition or occupational or other responsibility that in the judgment of the Investigator would interfere with or serve as a to protocol adherence, assessment of safety (including reactogenicity), or a subject's ability to give
Terms in these criteria, in plain language(16)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

Bilirubin

A yellow substance made when red blood cells are broken down, which the liver clears. A high level can mean a problem with the liver or the bile ducts.

Criteria often allow more for people with Gilbert’s syndrome, a harmless inherited condition that raises bilirubin.

ALT and AST (liver enzymes)

Two enzymes measured in a routine blood test of the liver. Higher levels can mean the liver is under strain or damaged. SGPT and SGOT are older names for ALT and AST.

Criteria usually give a limit as a multiple of the upper limit of normal (ULN), often higher when cancer has spread to the liver.

Clinically significant

Judged by the study doctor to matter for your health or for the study. It is a doctor’s decision, so ask the study team if you are unsure whether something counts.

Postmenopausal

Periods have stopped for good: usually no period for 12 months in a row without another medical reason, sometimes confirmed by a blood test (FSH).

Contraception

Ways of preventing pregnancy. “Highly effective” methods fail less than 1% of the time a year when used correctly — for example an IUD or an implant.

Criteria usually say which methods count and how long to keep using them after the last dose, sometimes for male participants too. Some studies accept a partner’s vasectomy if it was confirmed successful and that person is the participant’s only sexual partner.

Informed consent

Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.

You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.

Immunosuppression

A weakened immune system. It can come from an illness, such as HIV or some blood cancers, or from medicines that turn the immune system down, for example after an organ transplant or for an autoimmune disease; steroids at higher doses count.

Read whether the line is about a condition or about medicines, and which medicines and doses it means.

BMI (body mass index)

Weight in kilograms divided by height in metres squared. Example: 70 kg and 1.75 m gives 70 ÷ (1.75 × 1.75) ≈ 22.9.

What counts as overweight or obesity differs between countries (some use lower cut-offs), so go by the range the study states.

HIV

The human immunodeficiency virus, which weakens the immune system.

Many studies now accept people whose HIV is controlled on treatment, judged by the viral load and the CD4 count. Check the limits this study sets.

Hepatitis B tests

Hepatitis B is a virus that infects the liver. These are separate tests: HBsAg positive usually means a current infection (a recent vaccination can briefly cause it too); total anti-HBc (HBcAb) positive means an infection now or in the past; HBV DNA measures how much virus is in the blood.

Some studies accept a past infection if HBV DNA is undetectable, sometimes with antiviral medicine during the study. Check what this study allows.

Hepatitis C tests

Hepatitis C is a virus that infects the liver. An HCV antibody test can stay positive after an infection has cleared (and is occasionally positive without one); an HCV RNA test shows whether the virus is there now.

After treatment, hepatitis C counts as cured when HCV RNA is still undetectable 12 weeks or more after the treatment ended. Studies often accept people cured this way.

Corticosteroids (steroids)

Anti-inflammatory medicines such as prednisone, prednisolone and dexamethasone — not the anabolic steroids used for muscle.

Studies differ in what they allow: check which steroid medicines, routes (tablets, injections, creams, inhalers, eye drops) and doses this study accepts.

ECG (electrocardiogram)

A recording of the heart’s electrical activity, taken with stickers on the chest, arms and legs. It takes a few minutes and does not hurt.

Cancer (malignancy)

Malignancy means cancer. Criteria about another or earlier malignancy ask whether you have had a different cancer, usually within a set number of years.

Some are commonly allowed, such as treated skin cancers other than melanoma and early cancers removed completely — check the exceptions this study lists.

Investigational drug or device

A drug or device being studied in a clinical trial.

It may be new, or already approved and being studied for another use, dose or form. Criteria often leave out people who took part in another study of one within a recent period, commonly 30 days or five half-lives.

Contraindication

A reason a treatment, test or procedure should not be given to a particular person, such as an allergy, another illness or a medicine they take.

05

Study design

Phase
Phase 1
Primary purpose
Prevention
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Sequential assignment
Masking
Double (Participant, Investigator)
Enrollment
145 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    NasoShield very low dose - 1 X 10^8 vp

    Single intranasal spray (Part A)

    Biological: NasoShield

  • Experimental
    NasoShield low dose - 1 X 10^9 vp

    Single intranasal spray (Part A)

    Biological: NasoShield

  • Experimental
    NasoShield medium dose - 1 X 10^10 vp

    Single intranasal spray (Part A)

    Biological: NasoShield

  • Experimental
    NasoShield high dose - Part A -1 X 10^11 vp

    Single intranasal spray (Part A)

    Biological: NasoShield

  • Experimental
    NasoShield high dose - Part B - 1 X 10^11 vp

    2 intranasal sprays 21 days apart (Part B)

    Biological: NasoShield

  • Placebo comparator
    Placebo

    Normal saline, single intranasal spray (Part A) or two intranasal sprays 21 days apart (Part B)

    Other: Placebo

  • Active comparator
    BioThrax

    Three intramuscular injections 15 days apart (Part A)

    Biological: BioThrax

Interventions

  • BiologicalNasoShield

    NasoShield is an adenovirus-vectored anthrax vaccine.

  • BiologicalBioThrax

    Commercially available anthrax vaccine

  • OtherPlacebo

    Normal saline

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Reactogenicity

    Subjects will record solicited local and systemic events for 14 days after each dose

    Time frame: For 14 days after vaccination

  2. Adverse events (AEs)

    All adverse events from Day 1 to Day 57, SAEs, medically attended AEs and new onset chronic illnesses Day 1 to Day 361

    Time frame: From Day 1 to Day 361

Secondary outcomes

  1. Anti-PA immunoglobulin G (IgG)

    Titer measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in serum

    Time frame: From Day 1 to Day 361

  2. Toxin neutralization assay (TNA)

    50% neutralization factor (NF50) titer measured by cytotoxic assay in serum

    Time frame: From Day 1 to Day 361

07

Study locations

2 sites
  • Optimal Research, LLC
    Melbourne, Florida 32934, United States
  • ICON Early Phase Services, LLC
    San Antonio, Texas 78209, United States
08

Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Jun 24, 2025, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
09

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT03352466
Lead sponsor
Altimmune, Inc.
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Nov 24, 2017
Start date
Jan 18, 2018
Primary completion
May 13, 2019
Completion
May 13, 2019
Last update
Jun 24, 2025

Study contacts

Emanuel DeNoia, MD
principal investigator · ICON plc

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
Yes
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is completed, as verified in Jun 2025. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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