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CompletedNCT03296137Updated Oct 26, 2024Results posted

Adoptive Cell Therapy Across Cancer Diagnoses

A Phase 1/2 interventional study of Autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and Ipilimumab in Cancer, sponsored by Inge Marie Svane. Completed at 1 site in Denmark. Open to participants aged 18 Years to 70 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2024-10-26.

Sponsored by Inge Marie Svane · Phase 1/2, Interventional, and Treatment

Phase
Phase 1/2
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
25
Allocation
Not applicable
Ages
18 Years to 70 Years
Sex
All
01

Study summary

This study will perform tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL)-based adoptive T-cell therapy in combination with checkpoint inhibition on cancer patients across all cancer diagnoses.

Read the detailed description

Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) is a personalized form of immunotherapy, where lymphocytes isolated from the patient's own tumor tissue are expanded 1000-fold ex-vivo and then infused back into the patient. The lymphocytes are then able to recognize and attack remaining cancer cells. This approach has shown remarkable clinical results in several trials conducted worldwide for patients with advanced melanoma - some with durable remissions. Promising clinical results were obtained in smaller trials where patients with disparate solid tumors were treated with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). At Center for Cancer Immune Therapy (CCIT) at Herlev Hospital, there are currently clinical trials undergoing in ovarian and renal cancer, and internationally ACT is being tested in an increasing number of cancer diagnoses, some trials are even recruiting patients across cancer types. Studies have shown that a high intratumoral infiltration with TILs in is correlated to the general clinical outcome of the disease in virtually all solid tumors, and thus clinical trials with TIL-based ACT to different cancer diagnoses have been undertaken.

To support the TIL-mediated tumor elimination, in classical ACT protocols patients go through a highly specialized treatment regime before and after TIL infusion. This regime includes lymphodepletion with 7 days non-myeloablative chemotherapy, to provide an immunological window of opportunity for the infused TILs, and concomitant immune stimulation with interleukin-2 (IL-2). Checkpoint inhibition to support the anti-tumor activity of TILs is currently under extensive investigation in several other trials worldwide. Thus, lymphodepletion and IL-2 stimulation are well-established as supportive therapy and already an integrated part of current ACT protocols and while checkpoint inhibition is a new addition at CCIT; internationally other centers have ongoing comparable trials.

Drug-based immunotherapy in the form of checkpoint inhibitors (anti-PD-1 and anti-CTLA-4) has yielded impressive clinical results across tumor histologies. Recent results indicate that the effect of immunotherapy relies not so much on the cancer diagnoses but rather on the genomic and immunologic features of the individual patient's cancer disease. Both ACT and checkpoint inhibition work by tipping the immunological balance in favor of activation and away from suppression or avoidance by the cancer cells. Scientific evidence now show that administering anti-CTLA-4 and PD-1 could provide a benefit in the ACT setting, and several ongoing clinical trials are testing combinations of ACT and checkpoint inhibition. To synergistically maximize the immunological potential, we wish to combine ACT with an anti-CTLA-4 antibody (Ipilimumab) prior to tumor resection and an anti-PD-1 antibody (Nivolumab) in combination with TIL infusion.

Patients will be treated with one dose of Ipilimumab 14 days before undergoing surgery to harvest tumor material for TIL production. Patients is admitted on day -8 in order to undergo lymphodepleting chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide and fludara starting day -7. On day -2 patients will start treatment with Nivolumab every 2 weeks for a total of 4 doses to increase the activity of the infused TIL product.

Available evidence indicates that ACT is a safe and feasible treatment option in an increasing number of solid tumors, and that it should be tested in all cancer patients regardless of their cancer diagnosis.

02

Conditions studied

  • Cancer

Keywords

  • immune therapy
  • TILs
  • Adoptive cell therapy
03

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years to 70 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Only patients within the Danish Healthcare system are eligible for enrollment.

Inclusion criteria

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Histologically verified metastatic or locally advanced cancer diagnosis
  • At least one lesion (>1 cm3) available for surgical resection
  • Not candidate for standard treatment options
  • Age of 18-70 years
  • Performance status of 1 or 0.
  • Life expectancy > 6 months
  • One or more measurable parameter according to RECIST 1.1.
  • No significant toxicity from previous cancer treatments (CTC≤1). Except alopecia (CTC≤2) or neuropathy (CTC≤2)
  • Sufficient organ function, including:
  • Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) ≥ 1.500 /µl
  • Leucocyte count ≥ normal limit
  • Platelets ≥ 100.000 /µl and \<700.000 /µl
  • Hemoglobin ≥ 6,0 mmol/l (regardless of prior transfusion)
  • S-creatinine \< 140
  • S-bilirubin ≤ 1,5 times upper normal limit
  • ASAT/ALAT ≤ 2,5 times upper normal limit
  • Alkaline phosphatase ≤ 5 times upper normal limit
  • Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) ≤ 5 times upper normal limit
  • Sufficient coagulation: PP-time>40 and INR\<1,5
  • Women in the fertile age must use effective contraception. This applies from inclusion and until 6 months after treatment. Birth control pills, spiral, depot injection with gestagen, subdermal implantation, hormonal vaginal ring and transdermal depot patch are all considered safe contraceptives.
  • Signed statement of consent after receiving oral and written study information
  • Willingness to participate in the planned treatment and follow-up and capable of handling toxicities.

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • A history of prior malignancies. Patients treated for another malignancy can only participate if they are without signs of disease for a minimum of 3 years after last treatment.
  • Primary brain tumor or verified brain metastases
  • Known hypersensitivity to one of the active drugs or excipients.
  • Significant medical conditions, including but not limited to severe asthma/COLD, significant cardiac disease, poorly regulated insulin dependent diabetes mellitus.
  • Creatinine clearance below 70 ml/min .
  • Acute or chronic infections with HIV, hepatitis, syphilis etc.
  • Severe allergies or previous anaphylactic reactions.
  • Active autoimmune disease, such as autoimmune neutropenia/thrombocytopenia or hemolytic anemia, systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjögren's syndrome, sclerodermia, myasthenia gravis, goodpastures disease, addison's disease, hashimoto's thyroiditis, graves' disease etc.
  • Pregnant women and women who are breastfeeding.
  • Simultaneous treatment with systemic immunosuppressive drugs (including prednisolone methotrexate etc.)
  • Simultaneous treatment with other experimental drugs.
  • Simultaneous treatment with other systemic anti-cancer treatments.
  • Patients with active or uncontrollable hypercalcemia.
04

Study design

Phase
Phase 1 / Phase 2
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Not applicable
Intervention model
Single group
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
25 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Tumor-infiltrating Lymphocyte (TIL) Therapy with checkpoint inhibitors

    Biological: Autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes · Drug: Ipilimumab · Drug: Nivolumab · Drug: proleukin · Drug: Cyclophosphamide · Drug: Fludara

Interventions

  • BiologicalAutologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes

    Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes grown ex-vivo from resected from cancer tissue and reapplied to the patient via an intravenous infusion.

  • DrugIpilimumab

    One treatment with ipilimumab (3 mg/kg) prior to tumor resection.

  • DrugNivolumab

    4 doses of nivolumab. Starting 2 days prior to TIL infusion and every 2 weeks hereafter.

  • Drugproleukin

    2 MIE s.c. injection, after TIL infusion and continuing for 2 weeks

  • DrugCyclophosphamide

    2 doses (60 mg/kg) prior to TIL infusion

  • DrugFludara

    5 doses (25 mg/m2) prior to TIL infusion

05

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Number of Participants and Type of Reported Adverse Events

    Determine the safety of the administration of TIL therapy including checkpoint inhibitors, lymphodepleting chemotherapy and Interleukin-2 for patients with cancer by reporting grade \>2 adverse events according to CTCAE v. 4.0

    Time frame: Up to 2,5 years from begin of study

Secondary outcomes

  1. Time to Disease Progression

    Days of follow-up from TIL infusion until progressive cancer disease, end of follow-up or death. Progression is defined using Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors Criteria (RECIST v1.0), as a 20% increase in the sum of the longest diameter of target lesions, or a measurable increase in a non-target lesion, or the appearance of new lesions

    Time frame: Until study completion

  2. Overall Survival

    Duration of survival measured in days after adoptive cell therapy until death or end of follow-up/censoring.

    Time frame: Until study completion

  3. Overall Response Rate

    Per Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors Criteria (RECIST v1.0) for target lesions and assessed by CAT scan: Complete Response (CR), Disappearance of all target lesions; Partial Response (PR), \>=30% decrease in the sum of the longest diameter of target lesions; Overall Response (OR) = CR + PR.

    Time frame: The patients were evaluated every 6-12 weeks (median 90 days) and after therapy and until study completion (max 220 days).

06

Results

Posted Oct 26, 2024

Participant flow

Participant flow — Overall Study
MilestoneAll Participants
Started25
Completed25
Not completed0

Outcome measures

PrimaryNumber of Participants and Type of Reported Adverse Events

Determine the safety of the administration of TIL therapy including checkpoint inhibitors, lymphodepleting chemotherapy and Interleukin-2 for patients with cancer by reporting grade \>2 adverse events according to CTCAE v. 4.0

Time frame:
Up to 2,5 years from begin of study
Reported as:
Count of participants · Participants
Number of Participants and Type of Reported Adverse Events
ParticipantsAll Participants
Neutropenia25
Trombocytopenia22
Anemia22
Infection6
Hyponatremia2
Hemorrhagic cystitis1
Fatique6
Vertigo1
Performance status drop4
Thrombosis1
Fever16
Dyspnea6
Hepatitis2
Colitis2
Transaminase elevation2
Vomiting2
Hallucination1
Elevated creatinine1
SecondaryTime to Disease Progression

Days of follow-up from TIL infusion until progressive cancer disease, end of follow-up or death. Progression is defined using Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors Criteria (RECIST v1.0), as a 20% increase in the sum of the longest diameter of target lesions, or a measurable increase in a non-target lesion, or the appearance of new lesions

Time frame:
Until study completion
Reported as:
Median · Days
Time to Disease Progression
DaysTreated Participants
Time to Disease Progression89 (12 to 211)
SecondaryOverall Survival

Duration of survival measured in days after adoptive cell therapy until death or end of follow-up/censoring.

Time frame:
Until study completion
Reported as:
Median · Days
Overall Survival
DaysTreated Participants
Overall Survival227 (50 to 870)
SecondaryOverall Response Rate

Per Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors Criteria (RECIST v1.0) for target lesions and assessed by CAT scan: Complete Response (CR), Disappearance of all target lesions; Partial Response (PR), \>=30% decrease in the sum of the longest diameter of target lesions; Overall Response (OR) = CR + PR.

Time frame:
The patients were evaluated every 6-12 weeks (median 90 days) and after therapy and until study completion (max 220 days).
Reported as:
Count of participants · Participants
Overall Response Rate
ParticipantsTreated Participants
Overall Response Rate2

Adverse events

Collected over The data was collected throughout the duration of the clinical trial. From October 2017 and until study Completion in july, 2020. For the individual patient, the reporting started at the study enrolment and ended with study exclusion but with a minimum of 6 months follow-up after the adoptive cell therapy or until study completion. Information on adverse events were collected every 6 weeks for the first 3 months and every 3 months hereafter.. Non-serious events are listed at a 4% frequency threshold.

Adverse event summary by group
GroupDeathsSeriousOther
Treated Participants23/25 (92%)9/25 (36%)25/25 (100%)
Most frequent serious events
Showing 10 of 11
Most frequent serious events
EventTreated Participants
ColitisGastrointestinal disorders2/25
Elevated bilirubinHepatobiliary disorders1/25
Urinary tract infectionInfections and infestations1/25
Refractory trombocytopeniaBlood and lymphatic system disorders1/25
ChylosSkin and subcutaneous tissue disorders1/25
Neutropenic feverInfections and infestations1/25
Thrombosis in central katheterBlood and lymphatic system disorders1/25
Upper respiratory tract infectionInfections and infestations1/25
Addisions crisisGeneral disorders1/25
DyspneaRespiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders1/25
Most frequent other events
Showing 10 of 23
Most frequent other events
EventTreated Participants
NeutropeniaBlood and lymphatic system disorders25/25
NauseaGeneral disorders24/25
TrombocytopeniaBlood and lymphatic system disorders23/25
Febrile neutropeniaGeneral disorders23/25
AnemiaBlood and lymphatic system disorders22/25
FatigueGeneral disorders20/25
FeverGeneral disorders18/25
DyspneaRespiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders15/25
Oral mucositisInfections and infestations14/25
VomitingGastrointestinal disorders12/25

Baseline characteristics

Patients who received TIL therapy

Age, Categorical
Age, Categorical(Participants)All Participants
<=18 years0
Between 18 and 65 years22
>=65 years3
Sex: Female, Male
Sex: Female, Male(Participants)All Participants
Female14
Male11
Race and Ethnicity Not Collected
Race and Ethnicity Not Collected(Participants)All Participants
07

Study locations

1 site
  • Center for Cancer immune Therapy (CCIT), Dept. of Hematology and dept. of Oncology
    Copenhagen, 2730, Denmark
08

References and documents

Publications

  • Kverneland AH, Chamberlain CA, Borch TH, Nielsen M, Mork SK, Kjeldsen JW, Lorentzen CL, Jorgensen LP, Riis LB, Yde CW, Met O, Donia M, Svane IM. Adoptive cell therapy with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes supported by checkpoint inhibition across multiple solid cancer types. J Immunother Cancer. 2021 Oct;9(10):e003499. doi: 10.1136/jitc-2021-003499. PubMed 34607899 ↗

Study documents

  • Protocol and statistical analysis plan · Jan 4, 2018

Documents are hosted by the registry — open the source record to download them.

Individual participant data

Plan to share: Undecided

09

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT03296137
Lead sponsor
Inge Marie Svane
Responsible party
Inge Marie Svane (M.D. Professor, Herlev Hospital) — Sponsor-investigator
First posted
Sep 28, 2017
Start date
Oct 13, 2017
Primary completion
Mar 13, 2020
Completion
Jul 1, 2020
Results posted
Oct 26, 2024
Last update
Oct 26, 2024

Study contacts

Anders H Kverneland, MD
principal investigator · Center for Cancer Immune Therapy, Herlev Hospital
Inge Marie Svane, MD, Prof.
study director · Center for Cancer Immune Therapy, Herlev Hospital

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
Yes
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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