ClinicalTrials.gg
CompletedNCT03254381Updated Dec 6, 2023

The Effect of Exercise on Cognition in Older Adults At-risk for Diabetes: A Feasibility Pilot Study

An interventional study of Resistance Training and Balance and Tone Training in Cognitive Impairment, sponsored by Western University, Canada. Completed at 1 site in Canada. Open to participants aged 60 Years to 80 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2023-12-06.

Sponsored by Western University, Canada · Not applicable, Interventional, and Treatment

Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
24
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
60 Years to 80 Years
Sex
All
01

Where this study stands

Counted across the records on this site · 2026-11-12

Among 223 studies in Cognitive Dysfunction with a site in Canada — 60 open to participants now, 79 under way, 7 of them phase 3. Cognitive Dysfunction · Canada.

Enrollment
135th of 170
24 · median 62
Started
2017
with 13 others
No phase
115 of 223
36 open now
Registered
73rd of 223
by date
Lead sponsor
6 of 223
Western University, Canada

Among the 223 studies in Cognitive Dysfunction with a site in Canada, this one is the 135th largest by enrollment of the 170 interventional ones that give a count, is one of 14 that started in 2017, is one of 115 with no phase, and was the 73rd registered.

Cognitive Dysfunction

3,872 studies on the registry are indexed under Cognitive Dysfunction; 1,119 are open to participants now.

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Open to participants now

60 of the 223 studies in Cognitive Dysfunction with a site in Canada are open now. Recruiting first, the newest first:

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All 60 open studies →

A study can be open while its sites in Canada have not opened yet or have stopped. Only those recruiting at a site in Canada →

Who these studies take

Of the 750 Cognitive Dysfunction studies recruiting now, 362 (48%) set no upper age limit and 143 (19%) stop at 75 or younger; 46 take children under 18; 259 take healthy volunteers.

This study: 60 Years to 80 Years · all sexes · no healthy volunteers.

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02

Study summary

Older adults with type 2 diabetes experience cognitive decline and are at higher risk for developing dementia. Consequently, older adults at-risk for developing type 2 diabetes (based on body mass, glucose levels) are at higher risk for cognitive decline, and intervening at this point may prevent or delay the onset of such decline. One promising lifestyle intervention that has been shown to improve cognitive function in other populations is exercise. However, before investigators can examine whether exercise will improve cognitive function and brain health (structure and function) in this at-risk population, a feasibility pilot study is needed to determine whether a larger-scale trial would be viable.

Read the detailed description

Investigators will conduct a six-month randomized control trial (RCT) exercise intervention. Thirty older adults (aged 60-80) at-risk for diabetes will be randomly assigned into one of two groups: 1) Resistance training, or 2) Balance and Tone training (control). All participants will engage in three one-hour exercise classes per week. Once a month, a neutral assessor will visit the classes to evaluate the quality of the classes for participants. Assessments will be made at baseline, midpoint (three months) and trial completion (six months), and will include cognitive testing, health questionnaires, physical testing, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI; to assess structural and functional brain changes). Throughout the study, investigators will examine data for trends in successful recruitment strategies and rates of recruitment and adherence to inform future clinical trials in this population. Research assistants (n = 30) in the study will complete an anonymous feedback survey upon completion of their volunteer term, to assist in improving the study for future participants and volunteers.

03

Conditions studied

  • Cognitive Impairment

Keywords

  • cognitive assessment
  • cognitive function
  • community dwelling older people
  • pre-diabetes
  • randomized control trial
  • exercise
  • pilot study
  • feasibility study
04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
60 Years to 80 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  1. be community-dwelling 2) be aged 60-80 years 3) be "at-risk" for diabetes, where they have one of the following: i) blood glucose level of 6.1-7 mmol/L, ii) > 25, or iii) score > 21 on the CANRISK diabetes questionnaire 4) score > 24/30 on 5) score > 6/8 on Lawton and Brody's Independent Activities of Daily Living (IADL) scale 6) have visual acuity of at least 20/40, with or without corrective lenses 7) speak and understand English fluently 8) complete the Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire (PAR-Q) 9) obtain physician's clearance to start a supervised exercise program

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. have a current medical condition for which exercise is 2) have participated regularly in resistance or aerobic training in the last 6 months 3) have been diagnosed with neurodegenerative disease (including dementia, Alzheimer's disease, or Parkinson's disease) 4) have experienced a vascular incident (e.g., stroke, myocardial infarction) 5) have been diagnosed with a psychiatric condition 6) have untreated depression 7) are currently on hormone replacement therapy 8) have peripheral neuropathy or severe musculoskeletal or joint disease 9) are currently taking psychotropic medications 10) are unable to participate in MRI (have metal or electronic implants, or are claustrophobic)
Terms in these criteria, in plain language(4)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

BMI (body mass index)

Weight in kilograms divided by height in metres squared. Example: 70 kg and 1.75 m gives 70 ÷ (1.75 × 1.75) ≈ 22.9.

What counts as overweight or obesity differs between countries (some use lower cut-offs), so go by the range the study states.

MMSE and MoCA

Short tests of memory and thinking, each scored out of 30. Lower scores suggest more difficulty; criteria give a range, either to include people with memory problems or to leave them out.

Contraindication

A reason a treatment, test or procedure should not be given to a particular person, such as an allergy, another illness or a medicine they take.

Clinically significant

Judged by the study doctor to matter for your health or for the study. It is a doctor’s decision, so ask the study team if you are unsure whether something counts.

05

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
24 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Resistance Training

    Participants will use programmable weight machines along with free weights to target primary muscle groups. In addition, they will complete mini-squats, mini-lunges, and lunge walks. Participants will complete two sets of 6-8 reps. Training stimulus will be increased using the 7RM method - when 2 sets of 6-8 reps are completed with proper form and without discomfort. Investigators will record the number of sets completed and the load lifted for each exercise for each participant at every class.

    Behavioral: Resistance Training

  • Experimental
    Balance and Tone Training (Control)

    Exercises will include stretching exercises, range of motion exercises, basic core-strength exercises, balance exercises, and relaxation techniques. Only bodyweight will be applied (i.e., no additional loading). This group controls for confounding variables such as physical training received by traveling to the training centres, social interaction, and changes in lifestyle secondary to study participation.

    Behavioral: Balance and Tone Training

Interventions

  • BehavioralResistance Training

    Six months of thrice-weekly resistance training that will gradually progress in intensity. Each training session will be 60 minutes (10 minutes of warm-up, 40 minutes of training, and 10 minutes of cool-down). Classes will be group classes, with up to five participants in each.

  • BehavioralBalance and Tone Training

    Six months of thrice-weekly stretching and relaxation exercises. Each session will be 60 minutes. Classes will be group classes, with up to five participants in each.

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Number of participants recruited after 12 months

    Time frame: 12 months

  2. Number of exercise classes attended at trial completion (6 months)

    Time frame: 6 months

Secondary outcomes

  1. Change in cognitive function as measured by Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale - Cog - Plus (ADAS-Cog-Plus)

    Time frame: Baseline, 3 months, and 6 months

  2. Change in hippocampal volume as measured via high resolution T1 images collected during MRI scanning in both 3T and 7T machines.

    Time frame: Baseline and 6 months

  3. Change in hippocampal functional activation as measured during performance on associative memory task during fMRI scanning

    For this task, participants will be asked to encode and then recall items (face or places) and items in conjunction (faces matched with places)

    Time frame: Baseline and 6 months

  4. Change in memory as measured by performance on associative memory task

    Time frame: Baseline, 3 months, and 6 months

  5. Change in executive functions as measured by Stroop Test

    Time frame: Baseline, 3 months, and 6 months

  6. Change in aerobic fitness as measured by six minute walk test

    Time frame: Baseline, 3 months, and 6 months

  7. Change in mobility and balance as measured by Short Physical Performance Battery

    Time frame: Baseline, 3 months, and 6 months

  8. Change in muscle strength as measured by one-repetition maximum test

    Time frame: Baseline, 3 months, and 6 months

  9. Change in blood glucose levels as measured by finger prick glucose test

    Time frame: Baseline, 3 months, and 6 months

07

Study locations

1 site
  • Community
    London, Ontario, Canada
08

References and documents

Publications

  • Furlano JA, Nagamatsu LS. Feasibility of a 6-month pilot randomised controlled trial of resistance training on cognition and brain health in Canadian older adults at-risk for diabetes: study protocol. BMJ Open. 2019 Oct 3;9(10):e032047. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-032047. PubMed 31585978 ↗

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No

09

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reachedSimilar studies: half by the dot; the band is the middle halfHalf of similar studies reached it by the dot; the band is the middle half, from a quarter to three quarters

Ran from Nov 2017 to primary completion in Oct 2019, 23 months.

Of 1,442 non-industry interventional studies with no phase under Cognitive Dysfunction, half reached primary completion within 27 months of starting (the median), counting those still running; a quarter within 13 and three quarters within 51. This study's 23 months is below that.

Counting every sponsor, half of 1,511 studies reached it within 27 months; a quarter within 12 and three quarters within 50.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Aug 3, 2017
First posted
Aug 18, 2017
StartActual
Nov 2, 2017
Primary completionActual
Oct 3, 2019
CompletionActual
Oct 3, 2019
Last update
Dec 6, 2023
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Dec 6, 2023, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT03254381
Responsible party
Lindsay Nagamatsu (Assistant Professor, Western University, Canada) — Principal investigator
First posted
Aug 18, 2017
Start date
Nov 2, 2017
Primary completion
Oct 3, 2019
Completion
Oct 3, 2019
Last update
Dec 6, 2023

Study contacts

Lindsay S Nagamatsu
principal investigator · Western University

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is completed, as verified in Dec 2023. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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