Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology Study

Browse trials for

• Communicable Diseases 4,456
• Infections 6,688
• Lung Diseases 3,306
• Cardiovascular Diseases 4,892

Keywords

• Non-communicable Diseases, Risk Factors

Study population

Groups and cohorts

• Adults

  Between 35 to 70 years of age at time of enrollment

Primary outcomes

1. incident cardiovascular disease

   cardiovascular death, stroke, myocardial infarction, heart failure

   Time frame: mean follow up of 10 years

Secondary outcomes

1. incident cancer

   total and cause specific cancers

   Time frame: mean follow up of 10 years

2. Incident COPD

   development of COPD

   Time frame: mean follow up of 10 years

3. Incident Asthma

   development of asthma

   Time frame: mean follow up of 10 years

4. Pneumonia

   hospitalization for pneumonia

   Time frame: mean follow up of 10 years

5. Respiratory outcomes

   change in pulmonary function test

   Time frame: mean follow up of 10 years

6. All Cause Hospitalizations

   All cause hospitalizations

   Time frame: mean follow up of 10 years

7. Kidney disease

   end stage renal disease, dialysis, transplant, changes in renal function

   Time frame: mean follow up of 10 years

8. All cause and cause specific mortality

   death from all causes, and cause specific deaths

   Time frame: mean follow up of 10 years

9. incident diabetes

   development of diabetes

   Time frame: mean follow up of 10 years

10. obesity

    development of obesity, change in BMI

    Time frame: mean follow up of 10 years

11. hypertension

    development of hypertension and changes in blood pressure

    Time frame: mean follow up of 10 years

12. incident injuries

    assessing fatal and non-fatal injuries due road traffic accidents and falls

    Time frame: mean follow up of 10 years

Publications

• Dehghan M, Al Hamad N, Yusufali A, Nusrath F, Yusuf S, Merchant AT. Development of a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire for use in United Arab Emirates and Kuwait based on local foods. Nutr J. 2005 May 27;4:18. doi: 10.1186/1475-2891-4-18. PubMed 15921524 ↗
• Merchant AT, Dehghan M, Chifamba J, Terera G, Yusuf S. Nutrient estimation from an FFQ developed for a Black Zimbabwean population. Nutr J. 2005 Dec 13;4:37. doi: 10.1186/1475-2891-4-37. PubMed 16351722 ↗
• Merchant AT, Dehghan M. Food composition database development for between country comparisons. Nutr J. 2006 Jan 19;5:2. doi: 10.1186/1475-2891-5-2. PubMed 16423289 ↗
• Vaz M, Bharathi AV, Thomas T, Yusuf S, Kurpad AV. The repeatability of self reported physical activity patterns in rural South India. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2009;18(1):71-5. PubMed 19329398 ↗
• Dehghan M, del Cerro S, Zhang X, Cuneo JM, Linetzky B, Diaz R, Merchant AT. Validation of a semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire for Argentinean adults. PLoS One. 2012;7(5):e37958. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0037958. Epub 2012 May 25. PubMed 22662256 ↗
• Dehghan M, Martinez S, Zhang X, Seron P, Lanas F, Islam S, Merchant AT. Relative validity of an FFQ to estimate daily food and nutrient intakes for Chilean adults. Public Health Nutr. 2013 Oct;16(10):1782-8. doi: 10.1017/S1368980012004107. Epub 2012 Sep 21. PubMed 22995762 ↗
• Dehghan M, Lopez Jaramillo P, Duenas R, Anaya LL, Garcia RG, Zhang X, Islam S, Merchant AT. Development and validation of a quantitative food frequency questionnaire among rural- and urban-dwelling adults in Colombia. J Nutr Educ Behav. 2012 Nov-Dec;44(6):609-13. doi: 10.1016/j.jneb.2010.10.001. Epub 2011 Jul 7. PubMed 21737352 ↗
• Khatib R, Schwalm JD, Yusuf S, Haynes RB, McKee M, Khan M, Nieuwlaat R. Patient and healthcare provider barriers to hypertension awareness, treatment and follow up: a systematic review and meta-analysis of qualitative and quantitative studies. PLoS One. 2014 Jan 15;9(1):e84238. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0084238. eCollection 2014. PubMed 24454721 ↗
• Teo K, Chow CK, Vaz M, Rangarajan S, Yusuf S; PURE Investigators-Writing Group. The Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study: examining the impact of societal influences on chronic noncommunicable diseases in low-, middle-, and high-income countries. Am Heart J. 2009 Jul;158(1):1-7.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2009.04.019. PubMed 19540385 ↗
• Chow CK, Lock K, Teo K, Subramanian SV, McKee M, Yusuf S. Environmental and societal influences acting on cardiovascular risk factors and disease at a population level: a review. Int J Epidemiol. 2009 Dec;38(6):1580-94. doi: 10.1093/ije/dyn258. Epub 2009 Mar 4. PubMed 19261658 ↗
• Bharathi AV, Kurpad AV, Thomas T, Yusuf S, Saraswathi G, Vaz M. Development of food frequency questionnaires and a nutrient database for the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiological (PURE) pilot study in South India: methodological issues. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2008;17(1):178-85. PubMed 18364343 ↗
• Iqbal R, Ajayan K, Bharathi AV, Zhang X, Islam S, Soman CR, Merchant AT. Refinement and validation of an FFQ developed to estimate macro- and micronutrient intakes in a south Indian population. Public Health Nutr. 2009 Jan;12(1):12-8. doi: 10.1017/S1368980008001845. Epub 2008 Mar 7. PubMed 18325134 ↗
• Chow CK, Lock K, Madhavan M, Corsi DJ, Gilmore AB, Subramanian SV, Li W, Swaminathan S, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Avezum A, Lear SA, Dagenais G, Teo K, McKee M, Yusuf S. Environmental Profile of a Community's Health (EPOCH): an instrument to measure environmental determinants of cardiovascular health in five countries. PLoS One. 2010 Dec 10;5(12):e14294. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0014294. PubMed 21170320 ↗
• Mir H, Buchanan D, Gilmore A, McKee M, Yusuf S, Chow CK. Cigarette pack labelling in 12 countries at different levels of economic development. J Public Health Policy. 2011 May;32(2):146-64. doi: 10.1057/jphp.2011.3. Epub 2011 Mar 3. PubMed 21368847 ↗
• Yusuf S, Islam S, Chow CK, Rangarajan S, Dagenais G, Diaz R, Gupta R, Kelishadi R, Iqbal R, Avezum A, Kruger A, Kutty R, Lanas F, Lisheng L, Wei L, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Oguz A, Rahman O, Swidan H, Yusoff K, Zatonski W, Rosengren A, Teo KK; Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) Study Investigators. Use of secondary prevention drugs for cardiovascular disease in the community in high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries (the PURE Study): a prospective epidemiological survey. Lancet. 2011 Oct 1;378(9798):1231-43. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(11)61215-4. Epub 2011 Aug 26. PubMed 21872920 ↗
• Gasevic D, Vukmirovich I, Yusuf S, Teo K, Chow C, Dagenais G, Lear SA. A direct assessment of "obesogenic" built environments: challenges and recommendations. J Environ Public Health. 2011;2011:161574. doi: 10.1155/2011/161574. Epub 2011 Nov 15. PubMed 22174727 ↗
• Corsi DJ, Subramanian SV, McKee M, Li W, Swaminathan S, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Avezum A, Lear SA, Dagenais G, Rangarajan S, Teo K, Yusuf S, Chow CK. Environmental Profile of a Community's Health (EPOCH): an ecometric assessment of measures of the community environment based on individual perception. PLoS One. 2012;7(9):e44410. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0044410. Epub 2012 Sep 4. PubMed 22973446 ↗
• Dehghan M, Ilow R, Zatonska K, Szuba A, Zhang X, Mente A, Regulska-Ilow B. Development, reproducibility and validity of the food frequency questionnaire in the Poland arm of the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiological (PURE) study. J Hum Nutr Diet. 2012 Jun;25(3):225-32. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-277X.2012.01240.x. Epub 2012 Mar 6. PubMed 22390143 ↗
• Teo K, Lear S, Islam S, Mony P, Dehghan M, Li W, Rosengren A, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Diaz R, Oliveira G, Miskan M, Rangarajan S, Iqbal R, Ilow R, Puone T, Bahonar A, Gulec S, Darwish EA, Lanas F, Vijaykumar K, Rahman O, Chifamba J, Hou Y, Li N, Yusuf S; PURE Investigators. Prevalence of a healthy lifestyle among individuals with cardiovascular disease in high-, middle- and low-income countries: The Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study. JAMA. 2013 Apr 17;309(15):1613-21. doi: 10.1001/jama.2013.3519. PubMed 23592106 ↗
• Chow CK, Teo KK, Rangarajan S, Islam S, Gupta R, Avezum A, Bahonar A, Chifamba J, Dagenais G, Diaz R, Kazmi K, Lanas F, Wei L, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Fanghong L, Ismail NH, Puoane T, Rosengren A, Szuba A, Temizhan A, Wielgosz A, Yusuf R, Yusufali A, McKee M, Liu L, Mony P, Yusuf S; PURE (Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology) Study investigators. Prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in rural and urban communities in high-, middle-, and low-income countries. JAMA. 2013 Sep 4;310(9):959-68. doi: 10.1001/jama.2013.184182. PubMed 24002282 ↗
• Corsi DJ, Subramanian SV, Chow CK, McKee M, Chifamba J, Dagenais G, Diaz R, Iqbal R, Kelishadi R, Kruger A, Lanas F, Lopez-Jaramilo P, Mony P, Mohan V, Avezum A, Oguz A, Rahman MO, Rosengren A, Szuba A, Li W, Yusoff K, Yusufali A, Rangarajan S, Teo K, Yusuf S. Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study: Baseline characteristics of the household sample and comparative analyses with national data in 17 countries. Am Heart J. 2013 Oct;166(4):636-646.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2013.04.019. Epub 2013 Jul 27. PubMed 24093842 ↗
• Duong M, Islam S, Rangarajan S, Teo K, O'Byrne PM, Schunemann HJ, Igumbor E, Chifamba J, Liu L, Li W, Ismail T, Shankar K, Shahid M, Vijayakumar K, Yusuf R, Zatonska K, Oguz A, Rosengren A, Heidari H, Almahmeed W, Diaz R, Oliveira G, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Seron P, Killian K, Yusuf S; PURE-BREATH Study Investigators. Global differences in lung function by region (PURE): an international, community-based prospective study. Lancet Respir Med. 2013 Oct;1(8):599-609. doi: 10.1016/S2213-2600(13)70164-4. Epub 2013 Sep 10. PubMed 24461663 ↗
• Mahajan R, Malik M, Bharathi AV, Lakshmi PV, Patro BK, Rana SK, Kumar R. Reproducibility and validity of a quantitative food frequency questionnaire in an urban and rural area of northern India. Natl Med J India. 2013 Sep-Oct;26(5):266-72. PubMed 25017832 ↗
• Mente A, O'Donnell MJ, Dagenais G, Wielgosz A, Lear SA, McQueen MJ, Jiang Y, Xingyu W, Jian B, Calik KB, Akalin AA, Mony P, Devanath A, Yusufali AH, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Avezum A Jr, Yusoff K, Rosengren A, Kruger L, Orlandini A, Rangarajan S, Teo K, Yusuf S. Validation and comparison of three formulae to estimate sodium and potassium excretion from a single morning fasting urine compared to 24-h measures in 11 countries. J Hypertens. 2014 May;32(5):1005-14; discussion 1015. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000000122. PubMed 24569420 ↗
• Lear SA, Teo K, Gasevic D, Zhang X, Poirier PP, Rangarajan S, Seron P, Kelishadi R, Tamil AM, Kruger A, Iqbal R, Swidan H, Gomez-Arbelaez D, Yusuf R, Chifamba J, Kutty VR, Karsidag K, Kumar R, Li W, Szuba A, Avezum A, Diaz R, Anand SS, Rosengren A, Yusuf S; Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study. The association between ownership of common household devices and obesity and diabetes in high, middle and low income countries. CMAJ. 2014 Mar 4;186(4):258-66. doi: 10.1503/cmaj.131090. Epub 2014 Feb 10. Erratum In: CMAJ. 2014 Apr 1;186(6):453. PubMed 24516093 ↗
• Mente A, O'Donnell MJ, Rangarajan S, McQueen MJ, Poirier P, Wielgosz A, Morrison H, Li W, Wang X, Di C, Mony P, Devanath A, Rosengren A, Oguz A, Zatonska K, Yusufali AH, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Avezum A, Ismail N, Lanas F, Puoane T, Diaz R, Kelishadi R, Iqbal R, Yusuf R, Chifamba J, Khatib R, Teo K, Yusuf S; PURE Investigators. Association of urinary sodium and potassium excretion with blood pressure. N Engl J Med. 2014 Aug 14;371(7):601-11. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1311989. PubMed 25119606 ↗
• O'Donnell M, Mente A, Rangarajan S, McQueen MJ, Wang X, Liu L, Yan H, Lee SF, Mony P, Devanath A, Rosengren A, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Diaz R, Avezum A, Lanas F, Yusoff K, Iqbal R, Ilow R, Mohammadifard N, Gulec S, Yusufali AH, Kruger L, Yusuf R, Chifamba J, Kabali C, Dagenais G, Lear SA, Teo K, Yusuf S; PURE Investigators. Urinary sodium and potassium excretion, mortality, and cardiovascular events. N Engl J Med. 2014 Aug 14;371(7):612-23. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1311889. Erratum In: N Engl J Med. 2014 Sep 25;371(13):1267. PubMed 25119607 ↗
• Yusuf S, Rangarajan S, Teo K, Islam S, Li W, Liu L, Bo J, Lou Q, Lu F, Liu T, Yu L, Zhang S, Mony P, Swaminathan S, Mohan V, Gupta R, Kumar R, Vijayakumar K, Lear S, Anand S, Wielgosz A, Diaz R, Avezum A, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Lanas F, Yusoff K, Ismail N, Iqbal R, Rahman O, Rosengren A, Yusufali A, Kelishadi R, Kruger A, Puoane T, Szuba A, Chifamba J, Oguz A, McQueen M, McKee M, Dagenais G; PURE Investigators. Cardiovascular risk and events in 17 low-, middle-, and high-income countries. N Engl J Med. 2014 Aug 28;371(9):818-27. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1311890. PubMed 25162888 ↗
• Batool S, O'Donnell M, Sharma M, Islam S, Dagenais GR, Poirier P, Lear SA, Wielgosz A, Teo K, Stotts G, McCreary CR, Frayne R, DeJesus J, Rangarajan S, Yusuf S, Smith EE; PURE Study Investigators. Incidental magnetic resonance diffusion-weighted imaging-positive lesions are rare in neurologically asymptomatic community-dwelling adults. Stroke. 2014 Jul;45(7):2115-7. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.114.005782. Epub 2014 Jun 12. PubMed 24923720 ↗
• Chow CK, Corsi DJ, Lock K, Madhavan M, Mackie P, Li W, Yi S, Wang Y, Swaminathan S, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Gomez-Arbelaez D, Avezum A, Lear SA, Dagenais G, Teo K, McKee M, Yusuf S. A novel method to evaluate the community built environment using photographs--Environmental Profile of a Community Health (EPOCH) photo neighbourhood evaluation tool. PLoS One. 2014 Nov 4;9(11):e110042. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110042. eCollection 2014. PubMed 25369366 ↗
• Smith EE, O'Donnell M, Dagenais G, Lear SA, Wielgosz A, Sharma M, Poirier P, Stotts G, Black SE, Strother S, Noseworthy MD, Benavente O, Modi J, Goyal M, Batool S, Sanchez K, Hill V, McCreary CR, Frayne R, Islam S, DeJesus J, Rangarajan S, Teo K, Yusuf S; PURE Investigators. Early cerebral small vessel disease and brain volume, cognition, and gait. Ann Neurol. 2015 Feb;77(2):251-61. doi: 10.1002/ana.24320. PubMed 25428654 ↗
• Mayhew AJ, Lock K, Kelishadi R, Swaminathan S, Marcilio CS, Iqbal R, Dehghan M, Yusuf S, Chow CK. Nutrition labelling, marketing techniques, nutrition claims and health claims on chip and biscuit packages from sixteen countries. Public Health Nutr. 2016 Apr;19(6):998-1007. doi: 10.1017/S1368980015000658. Epub 2015 Mar 30. Erratum In: Public Health Nutr. 2016 Apr;19(6):1145. doi: 10.1017/S1368980015002098. PubMed 25818889 ↗
• Rosengren A, Teo K, Rangarajan S, Kabali C, Khumalo I, Kutty VR, Gupta R, Yusuf R, Iqbal R, Ismail N, Altuntas Y, Kelishadi R, Diaz R, Avezum A, Chifamba J, Zatonska K, Wei L, Liao X, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Yusufali A, Seron P, Lear SA, Yusuf S. Psychosocial factors and obesity in 17 high-, middle- and low-income countries: the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiologic study. Int J Obes (Lond). 2015 Aug;39(8):1217-23. doi: 10.1038/ijo.2015.48. Epub 2015 Apr 14. PubMed 25869608 ↗
• Leong DP, Teo KK, Rangarajan S, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Avezum A Jr, Orlandini A, Seron P, Ahmed SH, Rosengren A, Kelishadi R, Rahman O, Swaminathan S, Iqbal R, Gupta R, Lear SA, Oguz A, Yusoff K, Zatonska K, Chifamba J, Igumbor E, Mohan V, Anjana RM, Gu H, Li W, Yusuf S; Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) Study investigators. Prognostic value of grip strength: findings from the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study. Lancet. 2015 Jul 18;386(9990):266-73. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(14)62000-6. Epub 2015 May 13. PubMed 25982160 ↗
• Gupta R, Islam S, Mony P, Kutty VR, Mohan V, Kumar R, Thakur JS, Shankar VK, Mohan D, Vijayakumar K, Rahman O, Yusuf R, Iqbal R, Shahid M, Mohan I, Rangarajan S, Teo KK, Yusuf S. Socioeconomic factors and use of secondary preventive therapies for cardiovascular diseases in South Asia: The PURE study. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2015 Oct;22(10):1261-71. doi: 10.1177/2047487314540386. Epub 2014 Jun 18. PubMed 24942224 ↗
• Smyth A, Teo KK, Rangarajan S, O'Donnell M, Zhang X, Rana P, Leong DP, Dagenais G, Seron P, Rosengren A, Schutte AE, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Oguz A, Chifamba J, Diaz R, Lear S, Avezum A, Kumar R, Mohan V, Szuba A, Wei L, Yang W, Jian B, McKee M, Yusuf S; PURE Investigators. Alcohol consumption and cardiovascular disease, cancer, injury, admission to hospital, and mortality: a prospective cohort study. Lancet. 2015 Nov 14;386(10007):1945-1954. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00235-4. Epub 2015 Sep 17. PubMed 26386538 ↗
• Savell E, Gilmore AB, Sims M, Mony PK, Koon T, Yusoff K, Lear SA, Seron P, Ismail N, Calik KB, Rosengren A, Bahonar A, Kumar R, Vijayakumar K, Kruger A, Swidan H, Gupta R, Igumbor E, Afridi A, Rahman O, Chifamba J, Zatonska K, Mohan V, Mohan D, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Avezum A, Poirier P, Orlandini A, Li W, McKee M, Rangarajan S, Yusuf S, Chow CK. The environmental profile of a community's health: a cross-sectional study on tobacco marketing in 16 countries. Bull World Health Organ. 2015 Dec 1;93(12):851-61G. doi: 10.2471/BLT.15.155846. PubMed 26668437 ↗
• Lamelas PM, Mente A, Diaz R, Orlandini A, Avezum A, Oliveira G, Lanas F, Seron P, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Camacho-Lopez P, O Donnell MJ, Rangarajan S, Teo K, Yusuf S. Association of Urinary Sodium Excretion With Blood Pressure and Cardiovascular Clinical Events in 17,033 Latin Americans. Am J Hypertens. 2016 Jul;29(7):796-805. doi: 10.1093/ajh/hpv195. Epub 2015 Dec 18. PubMed 26683344 ↗
• Khatib R, McKee M, Shannon H, Chow C, Rangarajan S, Teo K, Wei L, Mony P, Mohan V, Gupta R, Kumar R, Vijayakumar K, Lear SA, Diaz R, Avezum A, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Lanas F, Yusoff K, Ismail N, Kazmi K, Rahman O, Rosengren A, Monsef N, Kelishadi R, Kruger A, Puoane T, Szuba A, Chifamba J, Temizhan A, Dagenais G, Gafni A, Yusuf S; PURE study investigators. Availability and affordability of cardiovascular disease medicines and their effect on use in high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries: an analysis of the PURE study data. Lancet. 2016 Jan 2;387(10013):61-9. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00469-9. Epub 2015 Oct 20. PubMed 26498706 ↗
• Mente A, Dagenais G, Wielgosz A, Lear SA, McQueen MJ, Zeidler J, Fu L, DeJesus J, Rangarajan S, Bourlaud AS, De Bluts AL, Corber E, de Jong V, Boomgaardt J, Shane A, Jiang Y, de Groh M, O'Donnell MJ, Yusuf S, Teo K. Assessment of Dietary Sodium and Potassium in Canadians Using 24-Hour Urinary Collection. Can J Cardiol. 2016 Mar;32(3):319-26. doi: 10.1016/j.cjca.2015.06.020. Epub 2015 Jun 25. PubMed 26454468 ↗
• Li W, Gu H, Teo KK, Bo J, Wang Y, Yang J, Wang X, Zhang H, Sun Y, Jia X, He X, Zhao X, Cheng X, Li J, Rangarajan S, Chen C, Yusuf S, Liu L; PURE China Investigators. Hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control in 115 rural and urban communities involving 47 000 people from China. J Hypertens. 2016 Jan;34(1):39-46. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000000745. PubMed 26630211 ↗
• Raina P, Sohel N, Oremus M, Shannon H, Mony P, Kumar R, Li W, Wang Y, Wang X, Yusoff K, Yusuf R, Iqbal R, Szuba A, Oguz A, Rosengren A, Kruger A, Chifamba J, Mohammadifard N, Darwish EA, Dagenais G, Diaz R, Avezum A, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Seron P, Rangarajan S, Teo K, Yusuf S; PURE Investigators. Assessing global risk factors for non-fatal injuries from road traffic accidents and falls in adults aged 35-70 years in 17 countries: a cross-sectional analysis of the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiological (PURE) study. Inj Prev. 2016 Apr;22(2):92-8. doi: 10.1136/injuryprev-2014-041476. Epub 2015 Oct 28. PubMed 26512093 ↗
• Leong DP, Teo KK, Rangarajan S, Kutty VR, Lanas F, Hui C, Quanyong X, Zhenzhen Q, Jinhua T, Noorhassim I, AlHabib KF, Moss SJ, Rosengren A, Akalin AA, Rahman O, Chifamba J, Orlandini A, Kumar R, Yeates K, Gupta R, Yusufali A, Dans A, Avezum A, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Poirier P, Heidari H, Zatonska K, Iqbal R, Khatib R, Yusuf S. Reference ranges of handgrip strength from 125,462 healthy adults in 21 countries: a prospective urban rural epidemiologic (PURE) study. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2016 Dec;7(5):535-546. doi: 10.1002/jcsm.12112. Epub 2016 Apr 12. PubMed 27104109 ↗
• Dagenais GR, Gerstein HC, Zhang X, McQueen M, Lear S, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Mohan V, Mony P, Gupta R, Kutty VR, Kumar R, Rahman O, Yusoff K, Zatonska K, Oguz A, Rosengren A, Kelishadi R, Yusufali A, Diaz R, Avezum A, Lanas F, Kruger A, Peer N, Chifamba J, Iqbal R, Ismail N, Xiulin B, Jiankang L, Wenqing D, Gejie Y, Rangarajan S, Teo K, Yusuf S. Variations in Diabetes Prevalence in Low-, Middle-, and High-Income Countries: Results From the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiological Study. Diabetes Care. 2016 May;39(5):780-7. doi: 10.2337/dc15-2338. Epub 2016 Mar 10. PubMed 26965719 ↗
• Mente A, O'Donnell M, Rangarajan S, Dagenais G, Lear S, McQueen M, Diaz R, Avezum A, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Lanas F, Li W, Lu Y, Yi S, Rensheng L, Iqbal R, Mony P, Yusuf R, Yusoff K, Szuba A, Oguz A, Rosengren A, Bahonar A, Yusufali A, Schutte AE, Chifamba J, Mann JF, Anand SS, Teo K, Yusuf S; PURE, EPIDREAM and ONTARGET/TRANSCEND Investigators. Associations of urinary sodium excretion with cardiovascular events in individuals with and without hypertension: a pooled analysis of data from four studies. Lancet. 2016 Jul 30;388(10043):465-75. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30467-6. Epub 2016 May 20. Erratum In: Lancet. 2021 Apr 10;397(10282):1350. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(21)00727-3. PubMed 27216139 ↗
• Miller V, Yusuf S, Chow CK, Dehghan M, Corsi DJ, Lock K, Popkin B, Rangarajan S, Khatib R, Lear SA, Mony P, Kaur M, Mohan V, Vijayakumar K, Gupta R, Kruger A, Tsolekile L, Mohammadifard N, Rahman O, Rosengren A, Avezum A, Orlandini A, Ismail N, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Yusufali A, Karsidag K, Iqbal R, Chifamba J, Oakley SM, Ariffin F, Zatonska K, Poirier P, Wei L, Jian B, Hui C, Xu L, Xiulin B, Teo K, Mente A. Availability, affordability, and consumption of fruits and vegetables in 18 countries across income levels: findings from the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study. Lancet Glob Health. 2016 Oct;4(10):e695-703. doi: 10.1016/S2214-109X(16)30186-3. Epub 2016 Aug 23. PubMed 27567348 ↗
• Camacho PA, Gomez-Arbelaez D, Molina DI, Sanchez G, Arcos E, Narvaez C, Garcia H, Perez M, Hernandez EA, Duran M, Cure C, Sotomayor A, Rico A, David TM, Cohen DD, Rangarajan S, Yusuf S, Lopez-Jaramillo P. Social disparities explain differences in hypertension prevalence, detection and control in Colombia. J Hypertens. 2016 Dec;34(12):2344-2352. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000001115. PubMed 27662189 ↗
• Avezum A, Oliveira GBF, Lanas F, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Diaz R, Miranda JJ, Seron P, Camacho-Lopez PA, Orlandini A, Bernabe-Ortiz A, Cordeiro Mattos A, Islam S, Rangarajan S, Teo K, Yusuf S. Secondary CV Prevention in South America in a Community Setting: The PURE Study. Glob Heart. 2017 Dec;12(4):305-313. doi: 10.1016/j.gheart.2016.06.001. Epub 2016 Oct 20. PubMed 27773540 ↗
• Palafox B, McKee M, Balabanova D, AlHabib KF, Avezum AJ, Bahonar A, Ismail N, Chifamba J, Chow CK, Corsi DJ, Dagenais GR, Diaz R, Gupta R, Iqbal R, Kaur M, Khatib R, Kruger A, Kruger IM, Lanas F, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Minfan F, Mohan V, Mony PK, Oguz A, Palileo-Villanueva LM, Perel P, Poirier P, Rangarajan S, Rensheng L, Rosengren A, Soman B, Stuckler D, Subramanian SV, Teo K, Tsolekile LP, Wielgosz A, Yaguang P, Yeates K, Yongzhen M, Yusoff K, Yusuf R, Yusufali A, Zatonska K, Yusuf S. Wealth and cardiovascular health: a cross-sectional study of wealth-related inequalities in the awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in high-, middle- and low-income countries. Int J Equity Health. 2016 Dec 8;15(1):199. doi: 10.1186/s12939-016-0478-6. PubMed 27931255 ↗
• Duong M, Rangarajan S, Zhang X, Killian K, Mony P, Swaminathan S, Bharathi AV, Nair S, Vijayakumar K, Mohan I, Gupta R, Mohan D, Rani S, Mohan V, Iqbal R, Kazmi K, Rahman O, Yusuf R, Pinnaka LV, Kumar R, O'Byrne P, Yusuf S. Effects of bidi smoking on all-cause mortality and cardiorespiratory outcomes in men from south Asia: an observational community-based substudy of the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology Study (PURE). Lancet Glob Health. 2017 Feb;5(2):e168-e176. doi: 10.1016/S2214-109X(17)30004-9. PubMed 28104186 ↗
• Gupta R, Kaur M, Islam S, Mohan V, Mony P, Kumar R, Kutty VR, Iqbal R, Rahman O, Deepa M, Antony J, Vijaykumar K, Kazmi K, Yusuf R, Mohan I, Panwar RB, Rangarajan S, Yusuf S. Association of Household Wealth Index, Educational Status, and Social Capital with Hypertension Awareness, Treatment, and Control in South Asia. Am J Hypertens. 2017 Apr 1;30(4):373-381. doi: 10.1093/ajh/hpw169. PubMed 28096145 ↗
• Leong DP, McKee M, Yusuf S; PURE Investigators. Population Muscle Strength Predicts Olympic Medal Tallies: Evidence from 20 Countries in the PURE Prospective Cohort Study. PLoS One. 2017 Jan 20;12(1):e0169821. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169821. eCollection 2017. PubMed 28107362 ↗
• Khatib R, Giacaman R, Khammash U, Yusuf S. Challenges to conducting epidemiology research in chronic conflict areas: examples from PURE- Palestine. Confl Health. 2017 Feb 22;10:33. doi: 10.1186/s13031-016-0101-x. eCollection 2016. PubMed 28239410 ↗
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• Yusufali AM, Khatib R, Islam S, Alhabib KF, Bahonar A, Swidan HM, Khammash U, Alshamiri MQ, Rangarajan S, Yusuf S. Prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in four Middle East countries. J Hypertens. 2017 Jul;35(7):1457-1464. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000001326. PubMed 28486270 ↗
• Walli-Attaei M, Rosengren A, Rangarajan S, Breet Y, Abdul-Razak S, Sharief WA, Alhabib KF, Avezum A, Chifamba J, Diaz R, Gupta R, Hu B, Iqbal R, Ismail R, Kelishadi R, Khatib R, Lang X, Li S, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Mohan V, Oguz A, Palileo-Villanueva LM, Poltyn-Zaradna K, R SP, Pinnaka LVM, Seron P, Teo K, Verghese ST, Wielgosz A, Yeates K, Yusuf R, Anand SS, Yusuf S; PURE investigators. Metabolic, behavioural, and psychosocial risk factors and cardiovascular disease in women compared with men in 21 high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries: an analysis of the PURE study. Lancet. 2022 Sep 10;400(10355):811-821. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(22)01441-6. PubMed 36088949 ↗
• Narula N, Wong ECL, Dehghan M, Mente A, Rangarajan S, Lanas F, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Rohatgi P, Lakshmi PVM, Varma RP, Orlandini A, Avezum A, Wielgosz A, Poirier P, Almadi MA, Altuntas Y, Ng KK, Chifamba J, Yeates K, Puoane T, Khatib R, Yusuf R, Bostrom KB, Zatonska K, Iqbal R, Weida L, Yibing Z, Sidong L, Dans A, Yusufali A, Mohammadifard N, Marshall JK, Moayyedi P, Reinisch W, Yusuf S. Association of ultra-processed food intake with risk of inflammatory bowel disease: prospective cohort study. BMJ. 2021 Jul 14;374:n1554. doi: 10.1136/bmj.n1554. PubMed 34261638 ↗
• Pertiwi K, Kupers LK, Geleijnse JM, Zock PL, Wanders AJ, Kruger HS, van Zyl T, Kruger IM, Smuts CM. Associations of linoleic acid with markers of glucose metabolism and liver function in South African adults. Lipids Health Dis. 2020 Jun 16;19(1):138. doi: 10.1186/s12944-020-01318-3. PubMed 32546275 ↗
• Dehghan M, Mente A, Rangarajan S, Mohan V, Lear S, Swaminathan S, Wielgosz A, Seron P, Avezum A, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Turbide G, Chifamba J, AlHabib KF, Mohammadifard N, Szuba A, Khatib R, Altuntas Y, Liu X, Iqbal R, Rosengren A, Yusuf R, Smuts M, Yusufali A, Li N, Diaz R, Yusoff K, Kaur M, Soman B, Ismail N, Gupta R, Dans A, Sheridan P, Teo K, Anand SS, Yusuf S. Association of egg intake with blood lipids, cardiovascular disease, and mortality in 177,000 people in 50 countries. Am J Clin Nutr. 2020 Apr 1;111(4):795-803. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/nqz348. PubMed 31965140 ↗
• Wentzel-Viljoen E, Laubscher R, Vorster HH. Changes in food intake from 2005 to 2010 by a cohort of black rural and urban African men and women in the North West Province of South Africa: the PURE-NWP-SA study. Public Health Nutr. 2018 Nov;21(16):2941-2958. doi: 10.1017/S1368980018001878. Epub 2018 Aug 28. PubMed 30149823 ↗
• Wentzel-Viljoen E, Lee S, Laubscher R, Vorster HH. Accelerated nutrition transition in the North West Province of South Africa: results from the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology (PURE-NWP-SA) cohort study, 2005 to 2010. Public Health Nutr. 2018 Oct;21(14):2630-2641. doi: 10.1017/S1368980018001118. Epub 2018 May 8. PubMed 29734966 ↗

Related links

• Study Webpage ↗

Individual participant data

Plan to share: Yes — During study conduct only with the investigators who have participated /contributed to the study. Select summary data may be shared with policy makers for specific purposes.The study exec will consider specific requests for data analyses by non-contributing individuals 3 years after the study has been completed (i.e. complete recruitment and a minimum of 10 years follow up in all) and the participating investigators have had an opportunity to explore questions that they are interested in. Costs related to data curating ,and related efforts will need to be met by anybody not contributing to the study and requesting analyses

Supporting information: Study protocol, Csr