CClinicalTrials.gg
CompletedNCT03198520Updated Nov 19, 2020Results posted

REFRAME RPD Post-Market Clinical Study

An interventional study of Solvay Dental 360™ in Missing Teeth and Dental Wear, sponsored by Solvay Dental 360. Completed at 2 sites in 2 countries. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2020-11-19.

Sponsored by Solvay Dental 360 · Not applicable, Interventional, and Treatment

Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
46
Allocation
Not applicable
Ages
18 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Study summary

To evaluate the change in patient Oral Health-related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) from wearing a cobalt chrome (CoCr) removable partial denture (RPD) to wearing the Solvay Dental 360TM polymer Removable Partial Denture (RPD) for 8 weeks.

Read the detailed description

Cohort study conducted in the United States \& United Kingdom to assess Oral Health Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) in patients receiving the study polymer Removable Partial Denture (RPD) as compared to their baseline Cobalt Chrome (CoCr) Removable Partial Denture (RPD) Oral Health Quality of Life (OHRQoL).

02

Conditions studied

  • Missing Teeth
  • Dental Wear
03

In context

Tooth Loss

224 studies on the registry are indexed under Tooth Loss; 50 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 46 is above the median of 30 across 166 interventional studies indexed under Tooth Loss.

Browse Tooth Loss studies →

Lead sponsor

This is the only study on the registry with Solvay Dental 360 as lead sponsor.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
Yes

Inclusion criteria

  • with the absence of 3 or less teeth per saddle, excluding third molars
  • partial denture in one arch only
  • with previous denture wearing experience, and Cobalt Chrome (CoCr) Removable Partial Denture (RPD) fitted in the previous 24 months and the patient is currently and routinely wearing the denture
  • With a stable oral health in terms of absence of disease activity affecting the periodontium, dental hard tissues (caries), pulp and the structural/aesthetic integrity of restored teeth
  • With at least 1 posterior natural tooth occlusal stop (molar or premolar)
  • Class I, Class II and Class III (Kennedy's Classification)
  • Occlusal spacing (static and dynamic) around clasp assembly including the occlusal rest

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Patients requiring extensive treatment prior to the provision of a removable partial denture (RPD)
  • Patients with active primary disease; caries, periodontal disease or symptoms of pulpal or apical pathology to the remaining teeth
  • Patients with irreversibly compromised structural/aesthetic integrity of restored teeth that cannot be restored as part of the provision of treatment.
  • Patients with an opposing Removable Partial Denture (RPD). Removable Partial Denture (RPD) to only be in one arch and must oppose a full denture or a dentate arch which provides a stable occlusal relationship
  • Canines are NOT to be replaced with the Removable Partial Denture's (RPDs). Patients must have their natural canines present
05

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Not applicable
Intervention model
Single group
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
46 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Other
    Polymer Removable Partial Denture

    Evaluate the change in patient Oral Health-related Quality of Life while wearing the Solvay Dental 360™ polymer Removable Partial Denture (RPD)

    Device: Solvay Dental 360™

Interventions

  • DeviceSolvay Dental 360™

    polymer Removable Partial Denture (RPD)

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Change in Patient Oral Health-related Quality

    Subjects conducted the Oral Health-related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) before and after wearing the Solvay Dental 360™ polymer Removable Partial Denture (RPD). OHRQoL is a multidimensional survey which can be defined as a person's assessment of how functional, psychological, social factors, pain, or discomfort affect his/her well-being in the context of oral health. The purpose of the survey is to evaluate the change in these factors from wearing a cobalt chrome (CoCr) removable partial denture (RPD) to wearing the Solvay Dental 360™ polymer Removable Partial Denture (RPD). This score is calculated by a summation of the score from each question; each having the following scoring: Response Score Never 0 Points Hardly Ever 1 Point Occasionally 2 Points Fairly Often 3 Points Very Often 4 Points It ranges from 0 to 56 points. The overall scores are from the baseline Cobalt Chrome (CoCr) RPD and 8 weeks for Polymer RPD. Lower scores are better outcomes.

    Time frame: Baseline for the Cobalt Chrome (CoCr) Removable Partial Denture (RPD) and 8 weeks for Polymer Removable Partial Denture

Secondary outcomes

  1. Comparison of Health of Abutment Teeth

    To investigate the difference in health of the abutment teeth following the use of the polymer RPD as compared to the CoCr RPD as assessed by the plaque score and gingival bleeding index. The plaque score is determined by assessing each tooth and the amount of plaque on the individual surfaces. The total number of plaque containing surfaces is divided by the total number of surfaces per arch of the mouth. Arch plaque is a subset of the whole plaque score calculated as the number of arch surfaces with plaque divided by the number of arch surfaces assessed. The gingival bleeding index is a designation of the degree of inflammation, as determined by a "bleeding on probing" assessment. Each tooth is probed at six sites and the bleeding is scored as present or absent. The number of sites where the bleeding is noted is divided by the total number of surfaces evaluated. All assessments are expressed as a percentage and an increased percentage indicates a poorer patient outcome.

    Time frame: Baseline for the Cobalt Chrome (CoCr) Removable Partial Denture (RPD) and 8 weeks for the Solvay Dental 360™: Polymer Removable Partial Denture

  2. Operator Assessment

    Operator assessment of the adaptation of the polymer frame, adaption of the tissue base areas and their relationship to the frame adaptation, functional evaluation, aesthetic assessment and oral health assessment of abutment teeth and the periodontium. This assessment was done with a Likert scale at baseline for the Cobalt Chrome (CoCr) Removable Partial Denture (RPD) and visits 5, 6, 7 and 8 for the Solvay Dental 360™: Polymer Removable Partial Denture. This assessment of aesthetics was determined by the operator based on a five point scale rating from very dissatisfied through very satisfied. More satisfied is a better outcome.

    Time frame: Baseline for the Cobalt Chrome (CoCr) Removable Partial Denture (RPD) and visits 5 (5 weeks), 6 (6 weeks), 7 (7 weeks) and 8 (8 weeks) for the Solvay Dental 360™: Polymer Removable Partial Denture

  3. Patient Frame Preference

    Patient-centered assessment of preference at the final visit for the study. Patients were asked to choose their preference of Removable Partial Denture based on comfort, aesthetics and chewing. Preference for a specific denture is a better outcome.

    Time frame: Baseline for the Cobalt Chrome (CoCr) Removable Partial Denture (RPD) and 8 weeks for the Solvay Dental 360™: Polymer Removable Partial Denture

  4. Review for Mechanical Failure

    This is an evaluation of the Solvay Dental 360™ Polymer Removable Partial Denture (RPD) for chips, cracks, fractures, permanent deformation or other signs mechanical failure. The number in the reported data represents a cumulative number of Solvay Dental 360™Polymer Removable Partial Denture (RPD) devices with these mechanical failures. A device deficiency was defined as "the inadequacy of a medical device with respect to its identity, quality, durability, reliability, safety or performance."

    Time frame: Approximately 8 weeks

  5. Operator Assessment of Pocket Depth

    Oral Health parameters associated with the Removable Partial Denture (RPD) on pocket depths based on Operator assessment. Pocket depths are expressed in mm increments for mesial, mid, and distal locations on the lingual and buccal surfaces of the tooth. To measure pocket depth, a probe is placed beside the tooth beneath the gumline and indicates the groove between the gums and teeth. Visit 2 with the Cobalt Chrome (CoCr) Removable Partial Denture (RPD) is compared to visit 8 with the Solvay Dental 360™: Polymer Removable Partial Denture. In general, pocket depths of 1 to 3 mm indicate a healthy mouth and 4mm and greater may indicate periodontitis. The score is calculated as an average of all depths reported for all surfaces assessed. A lower score is a better outcome.

    Time frame: Baseline for the Cobalt Chrome (CoCr) Removable Partial Denture (RPD) and 8 weeks for the Solvay Dental 360™: Polymer Removable Partial Denture

  6. Oral Health Parameters: Operator Assessment of Mobility:

    Oral Health parameters associated with the Removable Partial Denture (RPD) abutment teeth and Removable Partial Denture (RPD): mobility (measured as a categorical value of either Class I, Class II or Class III). Mobility of the teeth abutting the missing tooth as well as adjacent to the abutment tooth are classified via the Miller Classification as the following: * Class I: Tooth can be moved less than 1mm in the buccolingual or mesiodistal direction; this included no mobility * Class II: Tooth can be moved 1mm or more in the buccolingual or mesiodistal direction. No mobility in the occlusoapical direction (vertical mobility) * Class III: Tooth can be moved 1mm or more in the buccolingual or mesiodistal direction. Mobility in the occlusoapical direction is also present The mobility score assessment is noted as proportion of teeth that moved from a lower classification to a higher classification. Class I is a better outcome.

    Time frame: Baseline for the Cobalt Chrome (CoCr) Removable Partial Denture (RPD) and 8 weeks for the Solvay Dental 360™: Polymer Removable Partial Denture

  7. Oral Health Parameters: Mucosal Bearing Areas

    Oral Health parameters associated with the Solvay Dental 360™ Removable Partial Denture (RPD): mucosal bearing areas (measured as an evaluation of bleeding on probing indicated as a categorical value of "bleeding present" or "bleeding absent", as compared to the Cobalt Chrome (CoCr) Removable Partial Denture (RPD). Operators were asked to rate the health of the mucosal bearing areas as poor, fair or good. The mucosal bearing area is the cushion between the denture base and the supporting bone. Good is a better outcome.

    Time frame: Baseline for the Cobalt Chrome (CoCr) Removable Partial Denture (RPD) and 8 weeks for the Solvay Dental 360™: Polymer Removable Partial Denture

07

Results

Posted Nov 2, 2020

Participant flow

Participant flow — Overall Study
MilestoneSolvay Dental 360™: Polymer Removable Partial Denture (RPD)
Started46
Completed40
Not completed6
Withdrew: Physician decision2
Withdrew: Protocol violation2
Withdrew: Withdrawal by subject1
Withdrew: Study ended1

Outcome measures

PrimaryChange in Patient Oral Health-related Quality

Subjects conducted the Oral Health-related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) before and after wearing the Solvay Dental 360™ polymer Removable Partial Denture (RPD). OHRQoL is a multidimensional survey which can be defined as a person's assessment of how functional, psychological, social factors, pain, or discomfort affect his/her well-being in the context of oral health. The purpose of the survey is to evaluate the change in these factors from wearing a cobalt chrome (CoCr) removable partial denture (RPD) to wearing the Solvay Dental 360™ polymer Removable Partial Denture (RPD). This score is calculated by a summation of the score from each question; each having the following scoring: Response Score Never 0 Points Hardly Ever 1 Point Occasionally 2 Points Fairly Often 3 Points Very Often 4 Points It ranges from 0 to 56 points. The overall scores are from the baseline Cobalt Chrome (CoCr) RPD and 8 weeks for Polymer RPD. Lower scores are better outcomes.

Time frame:
Baseline for the Cobalt Chrome (CoCr) Removable Partial Denture (RPD) and 8 weeks for Polymer Removable Partial Denture
Reported as:
Mean · score on a scale
Change in Patient Oral Health-related Quality
score on a scaleSolvay Dental 360™: Polymer Removable Partial DentureCobalt Chrome (CoCr) Removable Partial Denture (RPD)
Change in Patient Oral Health-related Quality9.01 ± 8.1414.41 ± 9.48
SecondaryComparison of Health of Abutment Teeth

To investigate the difference in health of the abutment teeth following the use of the polymer RPD as compared to the CoCr RPD as assessed by the plaque score and gingival bleeding index. The plaque score is determined by assessing each tooth and the amount of plaque on the individual surfaces. The total number of plaque containing surfaces is divided by the total number of surfaces per arch of the mouth. Arch plaque is a subset of the whole plaque score calculated as the number of arch surfaces with plaque divided by the number of arch surfaces assessed. The gingival bleeding index is a designation of the degree of inflammation, as determined by a "bleeding on probing" assessment. Each tooth is probed at six sites and the bleeding is scored as present or absent. The number of sites where the bleeding is noted is divided by the total number of surfaces evaluated. All assessments are expressed as a percentage and an increased percentage indicates a poorer patient outcome.

Time frame:
Baseline for the Cobalt Chrome (CoCr) Removable Partial Denture (RPD) and 8 weeks for the Solvay Dental 360™: Polymer Removable Partial Denture
Reported as:
Mean · Percentage of assessed surfaces
Comparison of Health of Abutment Teeth
Percentage of assessed surfacesSolvay Dental 360™: Polymer Removable Partial DentureCobalt Chrome (CoCr) Removable Partial Denture (RPD)
Whole Plaque Score36.48 ± 19.9539.42 ± 25.42
Arch Plaque Score37.39 ± 20.9439.87 ± 25.10
Bleeding on Probing16.33 ± 15.0320.40 ± 21.24
SecondaryOperator Assessment

Operator assessment of the adaptation of the polymer frame, adaption of the tissue base areas and their relationship to the frame adaptation, functional evaluation, aesthetic assessment and oral health assessment of abutment teeth and the periodontium. This assessment was done with a Likert scale at baseline for the Cobalt Chrome (CoCr) Removable Partial Denture (RPD) and visits 5, 6, 7 and 8 for the Solvay Dental 360™: Polymer Removable Partial Denture. This assessment of aesthetics was determined by the operator based on a five point scale rating from very dissatisfied through very satisfied. More satisfied is a better outcome.

Time frame:
Baseline for the Cobalt Chrome (CoCr) Removable Partial Denture (RPD) and visits 5 (5 weeks), 6 (6 weeks), 7 (7 weeks) and 8 (8 weeks) for the Solvay Dental 360™: Polymer Removable Partial Denture
Reported as:
Count of participants · Participants
Operator Assessment
ParticipantsBaseline Oral Exam: Cobalt Chrome (CoCr) Removable Partial DentureFinal Fitting: Solvay Dental 360™: Polymer Removable Partial DentureVisit 6: Solvay Dental 360™: Polymer Removable Partial DentureVisit 7: Solvay Dental 360™: Polymer Removable Partial DentureVisit 8: Solvay Dental 360™: Polymer Removable Partial Denture
Very Dissatisified11000
Dissatisified51413
Neither Satisfied or Dissatisified598118
Satisified2726221924
Very Satisified65675
SecondaryPatient Frame Preference

Patient-centered assessment of preference at the final visit for the study. Patients were asked to choose their preference of Removable Partial Denture based on comfort, aesthetics and chewing. Preference for a specific denture is a better outcome.

Time frame:
Baseline for the Cobalt Chrome (CoCr) Removable Partial Denture (RPD) and 8 weeks for the Solvay Dental 360™: Polymer Removable Partial Denture
Reported as:
Count of participants · Participants
Patient Frame Preference
ParticipantsSolvay Dental 360™: Polymer Removable Partial DentureCobalt Chrome (CoCr) Removable Partial Denture (RPD)
Patient Frame Preference328
SecondaryReview for Mechanical Failure

This is an evaluation of the Solvay Dental 360™ Polymer Removable Partial Denture (RPD) for chips, cracks, fractures, permanent deformation or other signs mechanical failure. The number in the reported data represents a cumulative number of Solvay Dental 360™Polymer Removable Partial Denture (RPD) devices with these mechanical failures. A device deficiency was defined as "the inadequacy of a medical device with respect to its identity, quality, durability, reliability, safety or performance."

Time frame:
Approximately 8 weeks
Reported as:
Number · Number of Removable Partial Dentures
Review for Mechanical Failure
Number of Removable Partial DenturesSolvay Dental 360™: Polymer Removable Partial Denture
Chips2
Crack1
Detachment1
Fracture14
Loss1
Milling1
SecondaryOperator Assessment of Pocket Depth

Oral Health parameters associated with the Removable Partial Denture (RPD) on pocket depths based on Operator assessment. Pocket depths are expressed in mm increments for mesial, mid, and distal locations on the lingual and buccal surfaces of the tooth. To measure pocket depth, a probe is placed beside the tooth beneath the gumline and indicates the groove between the gums and teeth. Visit 2 with the Cobalt Chrome (CoCr) Removable Partial Denture (RPD) is compared to visit 8 with the Solvay Dental 360™: Polymer Removable Partial Denture. In general, pocket depths of 1 to 3 mm indicate a healthy mouth and 4mm and greater may indicate periodontitis. The score is calculated as an average of all depths reported for all surfaces assessed. A lower score is a better outcome.

Time frame:
Baseline for the Cobalt Chrome (CoCr) Removable Partial Denture (RPD) and 8 weeks for the Solvay Dental 360™: Polymer Removable Partial Denture
Reported as:
Mean · pocket depths expressed in mm
Operator Assessment of Pocket Depth
pocket depths expressed in mmSolvay Dental 360™: Polymer Removable Partial DentureCobalt Chrome (CoCr) Removable Partial Denture (RPD)
Operator Assessment of Pocket Depth2.19 ± 0.632.23 ± 0.64
SecondaryOral Health Parameters: Operator Assessment of Mobility:

Oral Health parameters associated with the Removable Partial Denture (RPD) abutment teeth and Removable Partial Denture (RPD): mobility (measured as a categorical value of either Class I, Class II or Class III). Mobility of the teeth abutting the missing tooth as well as adjacent to the abutment tooth are classified via the Miller Classification as the following: * Class I: Tooth can be moved less than 1mm in the buccolingual or mesiodistal direction; this included no mobility * Class II: Tooth can be moved 1mm or more in the buccolingual or mesiodistal direction. No mobility in the occlusoapical direction (vertical mobility) * Class III: Tooth can be moved 1mm or more in the buccolingual or mesiodistal direction. Mobility in the occlusoapical direction is also present The mobility score assessment is noted as proportion of teeth that moved from a lower classification to a higher classification. Class I is a better outcome.

Time frame:
Baseline for the Cobalt Chrome (CoCr) Removable Partial Denture (RPD) and 8 weeks for the Solvay Dental 360™: Polymer Removable Partial Denture
Reported as:
Count of units · Teeth
Oral Health Parameters: Operator Assessment of Mobility:
TeethSolvay Dental 360™: Polymer Removable Partial DentureCobalt Chrome (CoCr) Removable Partial Denture (RPD)
Class I211221
Class II711
Class III11
SecondaryOral Health Parameters: Mucosal Bearing Areas

Oral Health parameters associated with the Solvay Dental 360™ Removable Partial Denture (RPD): mucosal bearing areas (measured as an evaluation of bleeding on probing indicated as a categorical value of "bleeding present" or "bleeding absent", as compared to the Cobalt Chrome (CoCr) Removable Partial Denture (RPD). Operators were asked to rate the health of the mucosal bearing areas as poor, fair or good. The mucosal bearing area is the cushion between the denture base and the supporting bone. Good is a better outcome.

Time frame:
Baseline for the Cobalt Chrome (CoCr) Removable Partial Denture (RPD) and 8 weeks for the Solvay Dental 360™: Polymer Removable Partial Denture
Reported as:
Count of participants · Participants
Oral Health Parameters: Mucosal Bearing Areas
ParticipantsSolvay Dental 360™: Polymer Removable Partial DentureCobalt Chrome (CoCr) Removable Partial Denture (RPD)
Good3640
Fair44
Poor00

Adverse events

Collected over The subject will be questioned about any adverse event(s) and adverse device effect(s) at each visit up to the final 8 week visit.. Non-serious events are listed at a 0% frequency threshold.

Adverse event summary by group
GroupDeathsSeriousOther
Polymer Removable Partial Denture0/46 (0%)0/46 (0%)0/46 (0%)

Baseline characteristics

Age, Continuous
Age, Continuous(years)Polymer Removable Partial Denture
Mean64.63 ± 12.57
Sex: Female, Male
Sex: Female, Male(Participants)Polymer Removable Partial Denture
Female19
Male27
Race (NIH/OMB)
Race (NIH/OMB)(Participants)Polymer Removable Partial Denture
American Indian or Alaska Native0
Asian6
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander0
Black or African American6
White27
More than one race7
Unknown or Not Reported0
Region of Enrollment
Region of Enrollment(Participants)Polymer Removable Partial Denture
United States46
Education
Education(Participants)Polymer Removable Partial Denture
Elementry School4
High School17
College15
Graduate School8
Other2
08

Study locations

2 sites
  • The University of Illinois Chicago College of Dentistry
    Chicago, Illinois 60612, United States
  • Leeds School of Dentistry Unversity of Leeds
    Leeds, West Yorkshire LS290AY, United Kingdom
09

References and documents

Study documents

  • Study protocol · Jul 27, 2018
  • Informed consent form · May 3, 2018
  • Statistical analysis plan · Mar 5, 2019

Documents are hosted by the registry — open the source record to download them.

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No

10

Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Nov 19, 2020, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
11

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT03198520
Lead sponsor
Solvay Dental 360
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Jun 26, 2017
Start date
Jun 6, 2017
Primary completion
Oct 7, 2019
Completion
Oct 7, 2019
Results posted
Nov 2, 2020
Last update
Nov 19, 2020

Study contacts

Brian Natress, DDS
principal investigator · Leeds School of Dentistry
Jiyeon Kim, DDS
principal investigator · University of Illinois Chicago

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
Yes
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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