ClinicalTrials.gg
CompletedNCT03075241Updated Nov 10, 2020

Z-Drugs for Sleep Disorders in Alzheimer's Disease

A Phase 3 interventional study of Zolpidem and Zoplicone in Sleep, Sleep Disorders and Insomnia, sponsored by Brasilia University Hospital. Completed at 1 site in Brazil. Open to participants aged 55 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2020-11-10.

Primary conditionSleep Initiation and Maintenance DisordersRegistry: Sleep Wake DisordersReclassifiedWhy we changed it
Registry
Sleep Wake Disorders — the first condition term the registry derived for this study.
ClinicalTrials.gg
Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders
Why
  1. The study's listed conditions name Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders, a narrower term within Sleep Wake Disorders.
Confidence
High: the new condition is named in the study's own listed conditions. Of 351 hand-checked studies reclassified this way, 68% were exactly right and 84% in the right disease family; the registry's first term was right for 5% (measured 2026-10-21). How we classify →
Wrong?
Tell us the study's main condition →

Sponsored by Brasilia University Hospital · Phase 3, Interventional, and Treatment

From the registry’s dates

  • Registered 5 months after the study started (first participant enrolled Oct 2016, registered Mar 2017).
Phase
Phase 3
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
62
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
55 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Study summary

The purpose of this study is to determine whether Zolpidem and Zoplicone are efective in the treatment of sleep disorders in Alzheimer's disease (AD)

Read the detailed description

Sleep disorders (SD) affects 35 to 50 percent of patients with AD. These disorders often make caring for patients at home very difficult. Zolpidem and Zoplicone are prescribed drugs for sleep disorder in AD patients.

02

Conditions studied

  • Sleep
  • Sleep Disorders
  • Insomnia
  • Alzheimer's Disease

Keywords

  • Sleep Disturbances
  • Alzheimer Disease
  • Insomnia
  • Z-Drugs
  • Treatment
03

In context

Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders Reclassified

2,722 studies on the registry are indexed under Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders; 726 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 62 is close to the median of 68 across 2,350 interventional studies indexed under Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders.

Browse Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders studies →

Lead sponsor

Brasilia University Hospital is the lead sponsor of 20 studies on the registry; none are open to participants now.

Compared within Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders, this study's primary condition as ClinicalTrials.gg classifies it; the registry's first condition term is Sleep Wake Disorders. The counts are of registry records indexed under each term, refreshed daily. How we classify →

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
55 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • 55 years of age or older
  • Diagnosis of probable Alzheimer's disease (AD) by National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke / the Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association Criteria
  • Hachinski Ischemia Scale less than 5
  • score of 0 to 26
  • Actigraph evidence of a mean time immobile of less than 7 hours per night based on at least 7 nights of complete actigraph data collected over a single week
  • Four-week history of sleep disorder behaviors, occurring at least once weekly, as reported by the caregiver using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) Nighttime Behavior scale
  • Sleep disturbance observed was not present before the diagnosis of AD
  • Other co-morbidities, especially delirium, depression, chronic pain and medication use may be present, but do not cooperate in the primary symptoms
  • Computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging since the onset of memory problems showing no more than 1 lacunar infract in a nonstrategic area and no clinical events suggestive of stroke or other intracranial disease or normal
  • Stable medications for 4 weeks prior to the screening visit
  • Having a mobile upper extremity to which to attach an actigraph
  • Residing with a responsible spouse, family member, or professional caregiver who is present during the night and would agree to assume the role of the principle caregiver for the 3-week protocol
  • Ability to ingest oral medication and participate in all scheduled evaluations

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Sleep disturbance associated with an acute illness, delirium or psychiatric disease
  • movement disorder, such as akinesia, that would affect actigraphic differentiation of sleep and wakefulness
  • Severe agitation
  • Unstable medical condition
  • Discontinuation of psychotropic or sleep medication within 2 weeks of the screening visit
  • Patient unwilling to maintain caffeine abstinence after 2:00pm for the duration of the protocol
  • Patient unwilling to comply with the maximum limit of 2 alcoholic drinks per day, and only 1 alcoholic drink after 6:00pm for the duration of the protocolo
  • Prior use of zolpidem/zoplicone for the treatment os sleep disturbances
  • Caregiver deemed to be unreliable to supervise the wearing of the actigraph, to administer study capsules at the proper time, to maintain the sleep diary, or to bring the patient to the scheduled visits
Terms in these criteria, in plain language(2)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

MMSE and MoCA

Short tests of memory and thinking, each scored out of 30. Lower scores suggest more difficulty; criteria give a range, either to include people with memory problems or to leave them out.

Clinically significant

Judged by the study doctor to matter for your health or for the study. It is a doctor’s decision, so ask the study team if you are unsure whether something counts.

05

Study design

Phase
Phase 3
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
Triple (Participant, Care provider, Investigator)
Enrollment
62 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Zolpidem

    Study group will receive zolpidem 10mg capsules, 10pm (before bedtime) for 14 nights

    Drug: Zolpidem

  • Experimental
    Zoplicone

    Study group will receive zoplicone 7.5mg capsules, 10pm (before bedtime) for 14 nights

    Drug: Zoplicone

  • Placebo comparator
    Placebo

    Study group will receive inactive or inert capsules, which will be used as a comparator, 10pm (before bedtime) for 14 nights

    Drug: Placebo

Interventions

  • Zolpidem tablets, 10mg, 10pm (before bedtime) for 14 nights

  • DrugZoplicone

    Zoplicone tablets, 7.5mg, 10pm (before bedtime) for 14 nights

  • DrugPlacebo

    Inactive or inert pill which will be used as a comparator

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Nighttime Total Sleep Time

    Mean Total Sleep Time (in minutes) during the 12h nocturnal period (8:00pm-8:00am) after 2 weeks under treatment

    Time frame: Baseline, 14 days follow-up

Secondary outcomes

  1. Daytime Total Sleep Time

    Daytime Total Sleep Time (in minutes) during the 12h daytime period (8:00am-8:00pm) after 2 weeks under treatment

    Time frame: Baseline, 14 days follow-up

  2. Ratio of daytime to nighttime sleep

    Daytime Total Sleep Time / Nighttime Total Sleep Time

    Time frame: Baseline, 14 days follow-up

  3. Nighttime Wake after Sleep Onset

    Nighttime Wake after Sleep Onset (in minutes) during the 12h nocturnal period (8:00pm-8:00am) after 2 weeks under treatment

    Time frame: Baseline, 14 days follow-up

  4. Proportion of sleep time at nighttime

    Proportion of sleep time (%) during the 12h nocturnal period (8:00pm-8:00am) after 2 weeks under treatment

    Time frame: Baseline, 14 days follow-up

  5. Proportion of patients with gain of at least 30 minutes in Total Sleep Time

    Proportion of patients with gain of at least 30 minutes in Total Sleep Time after 2 weeks under treatment

    Time frame: Baseline, 14 days follow-up

  6. Differences between sleep efficiency between the two treatments.

    Analyze possible differences between sleep efficiency between the two treatments after 2 weeks under treatment

    Time frame: Baseline, 14 days follow-up

  7. Nighttime Number of Awakenings

    Change in scores of nighttime number of awakenings from baseline to intervention weeks

    Time frame: Baseline, 14 days follow-up

07

Study locations

1 site
  • Geriatric Medical Centre
    Brasilia, Distrito Federal, Brazil
08

References and documents

Publications

  • Louzada LL, Machado FV, Quintas JL, Ribeiro GA, Silva MV, Mendonca-Silva DL, Goncalves BSB, Nobrega OT, Camargos EF. The efficacy and safety of zolpidem and zopiclone to treat insomnia in Alzheimer's disease: a randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2022 Jan;47(2):570-579. doi: 10.1038/s41386-021-01191-3. Epub 2021 Oct 11. PubMed 34635802 ↗

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No

09

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reachedSimilar studies: half by the dot; the band is the middle halfHalf of similar studies reached it by the dot; the band is the middle half, from a quarter to three quarters

Ran from Oct 2016 to primary completion in Apr 2020, 42 months.

Of 42 phase 3 interventional studies under Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders, half reached primary completion within 19 months of starting (the median), counting those still running; a quarter within 15 and three quarters within 28. This study's 42 months is above that.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Mar 5, 2017
First posted
Mar 9, 2017
StartActual
Oct 2016
Primary completionActual
Apr 2020
CompletionActual
Apr 2020
Last update
Nov 10, 2020
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Nov 10, 2020, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT03075241
Lead sponsor
Brasilia University Hospital
Responsible party
Einstein Francisco de Camargos (Principal Investigator, Brasilia University Hospital) — Principal investigator
First posted
Mar 9, 2017
Start date
Oct 2016
Primary completion
Apr 2020
Completion
Apr 2020
Last update
Nov 10, 2020

Study contacts

Luciana L. Louzada, MD, MsC
principal investigator · Brasilia University - Brasilia's University Hospital - Geriatric Medical Center

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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This study is completed, as verified in Nov 2020. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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Discussion

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Studies of the drug tested here: Zolpidem

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