ClinicalTrials.gg
WithdrawnNCT02883972Updated Apr 25, 2023

Childhood Influenza Immunisation Invitation Trial in Schools

An interventional study of Intervention letter and Control letter in Influenza, Human, sponsored by Public Health England. Withdrawn. Open to participants aged 4 Years to 11 Years, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2023-04-25.

Sponsored by Public Health England · Not applicable, Interventional, and Other

Why this study was withdrawn
Ethical approval was withdrawn by the National Research Ethics Service as they were unable to make contact with the research team despite trying many times.
Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
0
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
4 Years to 11 Years
Sex
All
01

Study summary

This study will investigate whether influenza vaccine uptake by school-age children (in school-based clinics) can be increased by making behavioural-insight informed changes to the invitation process which encourage parents to return consent forms.

Read the detailed description

Previous research has shown that small changes to the invitation phrasing and/or process informed by understanding and insights into behaviour can be used to increase a desired behaviour (e.g. uptake of health checks, reducing primary care antibiotic prescribing).

This trial will determine whether a behaviour-insight informed invitation letter and/or reminder Short Message Service (SMS)/email message can increase return of consent forms and thereby increase uptake of childhood flu vaccine in schools.

The trial will take place within the existing national childhood immunisation programme in participating areas in England. Randomisation will be at the school-level (stratified by local authority). All eligible children within a school will therefore be in the same arm of the trial and be subject to the same invitation process. Outcome data will be routinely collected, school-level influenza vaccine uptake data. Data will also be collected on the implementation of email/SMS reminders in all schools.

The analysis will investigate the main effects of the interventions and their interactions, take into account provider, local authority and school effects and explore the impact of other factors such as deprivation indicators.

An analysis of letters used by providers of childhood influenza immunisation in schools not involved in the trial will also be conducted. All providers will be asked to submit a copy of their invitation letter for the 2016/17 programme and these will be analysed using the Theoretical Domains Framework.

02

Conditions studied

  • Influenza, Human

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Keywords

  • Immunization
  • Behavioural insights
  • Children
03

In context

Influenza, Human

2,356 studies on the registry are indexed under Influenza, Human; 184 are open to participants now.

Browse Influenza, Human studies →

Lead sponsor

Public Health England is the lead sponsor of 37 studies on the registry; none are open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
4 Years to 11 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
Yes

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • Attendance at a school where national childhood influenza immunisation programme is delivered by a provider participating in the trial
  • Eligible for influenza immunisation

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Ineligible for influenza immunisation
05

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Other
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Factorial assignment
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
0 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Intervention letter and reminder

    Behavioural insights informed invitation letter and SMS/email reminder message

    Other: Intervention letter · Other: Reminder

  • Experimental
    Intervention letter

    Behavioural insights informed invitation letter only

    Other: Intervention letter

  • Experimental
    Control letter and reminder

    Control invitation letter and SMS/email reminder message

    Other: Control letter · Other: Reminder

  • Active comparator
    Control letter

    Control invitation letter only

    Other: Control letter

Interventions

  • OtherIntervention letter

    Behavioural-insight informed letter template

  • OtherControl letter

    Invitation letter used by local area last year (updated as required)

  • OtherReminder

    Behavioural-insight informed SMS/email reminder message to return consent form

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Influenza immunisation uptake in school years 1-3

    Proportion of children in school years 1-3 who receive influenza immunisation as part of the national childhood immunisation programme

    Time frame: 5 months

Secondary outcomes

  1. Influenza immunisation uptake in school years 4-6

    Proportion of children in school years 4-6 who receive influenza immunisation

    Time frame: 5 months

  2. Influenza immunisation uptake in Reception school year

    Proportion of children in Reception school year who receive influenza immunisation

    Time frame: 5 months

  3. Influenza immunisation uptake in each school year

    Proportion of children in each school year who receive influenza immunisation

    Time frame: 5 months

  4. Influenza immunisation consent in school years 1-3

    Proportion of children in school years 1-3 for who consent is neither given nor withheld (i.e. non-responders)

    Time frame: 5 months

  5. Influenza immunisation consent in school years 4-6

    Proportion of children in school years 4-6 for who consent is neither given nor withheld (i.e. non-responders)

    Time frame: 5 months

  6. Influenza immunisation consent in Reception school year

    Proportion of children in Reception school year for who consent is neither given nor withheld (i.e. non-responders)

    Time frame: 5 months

07

Study locations

No study locations are listed for this record.

08

References and documents

Study documents

PDFs hosted by the registry, ClinicalTrials.gov.

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No

09

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reached

Ran from Sep 2016 to primary completion in Mar 2017, 6 months.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Jul 22, 2016
First posted
Aug 30, 2016
StartActual
Sep 2016
Primary completionActual
Mar 2017
CompletionActual
Apr 2017
Last update
Apr 25, 2023
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Apr 25, 2023, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT02883972
Lead sponsor
Public Health England
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Aug 30, 2016
Start date
Sep 2016
Primary completion
Mar 2017
Completion
Apr 2017
Last update
Apr 25, 2023

Study contacts

Tim Chadborn, BSc MSc PhD
principal investigator · Public Health England

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is withdrawn, as verified in Jul 2016. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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