ClinicalTrials.gg
CompletedNCT02787551LixiLan-GUpdated Mar 25, 2022Results posted

Efficacy and Safety of the Insulin Glargine/Lixisenatide Fixed Ratio Combination (FRC) Versus GLP-1 Receptor Agonist in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes, With a FRC Extension Period

A Phase 3 interventional study of Insulin glargine/lixisenatide fixed ratio combination and liraglutide in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, sponsored by Sanofi. Completed at 124 sites in 9 countries. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2022-03-25.

Sponsored by Sanofi · Phase 3, Interventional, and Treatment

Phase
Phase 3
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
514
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Study summary

Primary Objective:

To demonstrate the superiority of the insulin glargine/lixisenatide fixed ratio combination (FRC) versus GLP-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) change.

Secondary Objectives:

To compare the overall efficacy and safety of the insulin glargine/lixisenatide FRC to GLP-1 RA on top of metformin (with or without pioglitazone, with or without sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 [SGLT2] inhibitor) in participants with type 2 diabetes.

To evaluate safety, efficacy and other endpoints of FRC up to the end of the extension period.

Read the detailed description

The maximum duration for GLP1-RA participants was approximately 29 weeks: up to 2 week screening period, a 26 week treatment period (either randomized or uncontrolled), and a 3 or 9 day post-treatment safety follow-up period.

Maximum duration for FRC participants was approximately 55 weeks: up to 2-week screening period, a 26-week randomized treatment period, a 26-week extension period and a 3-day post-treatment safety follow-up period.

All primary and secondary efficacy, safety and other outcome measures were assessed at the end of the extension period.

02

Conditions studied

  • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
03

In context

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2

9,589 studies on the registry are indexed under Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; 1,332 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 514 is above the median of 81 across 7,713 interventional studies indexed under Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2.

Browse Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 studies →

Lead sponsor

Sanofi is the lead sponsor of 1,547 studies on the registry; 88 are open to participants now.

Of its 204 completed or terminated interventional studies of FDA-regulated products, 122 (60%) have results posted.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Eligibility criteria

Inclusion criteria :

  • Participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus diagnosed at least 1 year prior to screening visit.
  • Participants who were treated with one of the following GLP-1 receptor agonists for at least 4 months prior to screening visit 1 (V1), and with stable dose for at least 3 months prior to screening visit (V1):
  • Liraglutide (Victoza®) 1.8 milligram (mg) QD or 1.2 mg QD, if the 1.8 mg QD dose was not well tolerated according to the Investigator's judgment or
  • Exenatide (Byetta®) 10 microgram (µg) BID or of 5 µg BID, if 10 µg BID dose was not well tolerated according to the Investigator's judgment

in combination with metformin (daily dose greater than equal to [>=] 1500 mg/day or maximum tolerated dose [MTD]), with or without pioglitazone, with or without SGLT2 inhibitor, all at stable dose for at least 3 months prior to screening.

or

Participants who were treated with stable dose of one of the following GLP-1 receptor agonists for at least 6 months prior to screening visit (V1):

  • Exenatide extended-release (Bydureon®) 2 mg once weekly (QW), if well tolerated according to Investigator's judgment,
  • Albiglutide (Tanzeum®) 50 mg QW or 30 mg QW, if 50 mg QW was not well tolerated according to Investigator's judgment,
  • Dulaglutide (Trulicity®) 1.5 mg QW or 0.75 mg QW, if 1.5 mg QW was not well tolerated according to Investigator's judgment

in combination with metformin (daily dose ≥1500 mg/day or MTD), with or without pioglitazone, with or without SGLT2 inhibitor, all at stable dose for at least 3 months prior to screening;

-Signed written informed consent.

Exclusion criteria:

  • At screening visit, age \<18.
  • Screening HbA1c \<7% and >9%.
  • Pregnancy or lactation, women of childbearing potential with no effective contraceptive method.
  • Any use of antidiabetic drugs within 3 months prior to the screening visit other than those described in the inclusion criteria.
  • Previous treatment with insulin in the year prior to screening visit (note: short-term treatment with insulin [\<=10 days] due to intercurrent illness including gestational diabetes was allowed at the discretion of the study physician).
  • Laboratory findings at the time of screening, including:
  • Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) >250 mg/dL (13.9 millimoles per litre [mmol/L]),
  • Amylase and/or lipase >3 times the upper limit of the normal laboratory range (ULN),
  • Alanine transaminase or aspartate transaminase >3 ULN,
  • Calcitonin >=20 pg/mL (5.9 pmol/L),
  • Positive pregnancy test.
  • Participant who had renal function impairment with estimated glomerular filtration rate \<30mL/min/1.73m\^2 (using the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease formula) or end-stage renal disease.
  • Contraindication to use of insulin glargine, or lixisenatide or GLP-1 receptor agonist (Victoza®, Byetta®, Bydureon®, Tanzeum® or Trulicity®) according to local labeling.
  • Any contraindication to metformin or pioglitazone or SGLT2 inhibitor use, according to local labeling.
  • History of hypersensitivity to insulin glargine, or to any of the excipients.
  • History of allergic reaction to any GLP-1 receptor agonist or to meta-cresol.
  • Personal or immediate family history of medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) or genetic condition that predisposes to MTC (eg, multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 syndromes).
  • History of pancreatitis (unless pancreatitis was related to gallstones and cholecystectomy was already performed), chronic pancreatitis, pancreatitis during a previous treatment with incretin therapies, pancreatectomy.
  • Body mass index \<=20 or >40 kg/m\^2.

Exclusion criteria for the extension period:

  • Participants in the FRC arm with a rescue therapy and HbA1c >8% at week 22.
  • Participants in the FRC arm who discontinued prematurely from FRC treatment before week 26.
  • Participants in the GLP-1 RA treatment arm after randomization.

The above information is not intended to contain all considerations relevant to a patient's potential participation in a clinical trial.

05

Study design

Phase
Phase 3
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
514 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Insulin Glargine/Lixisenatide Fixed Ratio Combination (FRC)

    Core period: FRC injected subcutaneously once daily (QD) for 26 weeks on top of oral anti-diabetic drug (OAD) therapy. Dose individually adjusted. Single arm extension period: Participants who completed core treatment period and met eligibility criteria entered in extension treatment period and received same treatment (FRC injected subcutaneously QD on top of OAD therapy) for 26 weeks (up to Week 52). Dose individually adjusted.

    Drug: Insulin glargine/lixisenatide fixed ratio combination · Drug: Background therapy: Oral Anti-diabetic Drug (Metformin, Pioglitazone, SGLT2 inhibitor)

  • Active comparator
    GLP-1 Receptor Agonist

    Core period: GLP-1 RA receptor agonist (liraglutide QD, exenatide twice daily \[BID\], exenatide extended-release QW, albiglutide QW, or dulaglutide QW) injected subcutaneously for 26 weeks on top of OAD therapy. GLP-1 RAs were administered as per local labeling at the same dose schedule as prior to randomization.

    Drug: liraglutide · Drug: exenatide · Drug: exenatide extended-release · Drug: albiglutide · Drug: dulaglutide · Drug: Background therapy: Oral Anti-diabetic Drug (Metformin, Pioglitazone, SGLT2 inhibitor)

Interventions

  • DrugInsulin glargine/lixisenatide fixed ratio combination

    Drug pages: Insulin Glargine · Lixisenatide

    Pharmaceutical form: solution for injection Route of administration: subcutaneous

    Also known as: HOE901/AVE0010, Soliqua

  • Pharmaceutical form: solution for injection Route of administration: subcutaneous

    Also known as: Victoza

  • Pharmaceutical form: solution for injection Route of administration: subcutaneous

    Also known as: Byetta

  • Pharmaceutical form: solution for injection Route of administration: subcutaneous

    Also known as: Bydureon

  • Pharmaceutical form: solution for injection Route of administration: subcutaneous

    Also known as: Tanzeum

  • Pharmaceutical form: solution for injection Route of administration: subcutaneous

    Also known as: Trulicity

  • DrugBackground therapy: Oral Anti-diabetic Drug (Metformin, Pioglitazone, SGLT2 inhibitor)

    Pharmaceutical form: tablet Route of administration: oral If previously taken, doses to remain stable through the study.

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Change From Baseline in Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) to Week 26: Core Period

    Change in HbA1c was calculated by subtracting baseline value from Week 26 value. Adjusted least squares (LS) mean and standard error (SE) were obtained from Mixed-effect model with repeated measures (MMRM) to account for missing data using all available post baseline data during the 26 week treatment period.

    Time frame: Baseline, Week 26

  2. Change From Baseline in Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) to Week 52: Single Arm Extension Period

    Change in HbA1c was calculated by subtracting baseline value from Week 52 value.

    Time frame: Baseline, Week 52

Secondary outcomes

  1. Percentage of Participants Reaching HbA1c <7% or <=6.5% at Week 26: Core Period

    Participants without any available HbA1c assessment at Week 26 were considered as non-responders.

    Time frame: Week 26

  2. Percentage of Participants Reaching HbA1c <7 % or <=6.5% at Week 52: Single Arm Extension Period

    Participants without any available HbA1c assessment at Week 52 were considered as non-responders.

    Time frame: Week 52

  3. Change From Baseline in Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG) to Week 26: Core Period

    Change in FPG was calculated by subtracting baseline value from Week 26 value. Adjusted LS means and SE were obtained from MMRM to account for missing data using all available post baseline data during the 26 week treatment period.

    Time frame: Baseline, Week 26

  4. Change From Baseline in Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG) to Week 52: Single Arm Extension Period

    Change in FPG was calculated by subtracting baseline value from Week 52 value.

    Time frame: Baseline, Week 52

  5. Change From Baseline in the Daily Average of the 7-point Self-monitored Plasma Glucose (SMPG) to Week 26: Core Period

    The 7-point SMPG profile was measured at the following 7 points: pre-prandial and 2 hours postprandial for breakfast, lunch, dinner and at bedtime. Two hours postprandial (breakfast, lunch and dinner) was defined as 2 hours after the start of the meal. Adjusted LS means and SE were obtained from MMRM to account for missing data using all available post baseline data during the 26 week treatment period.

    Time frame: Baseline, Week 26

  6. Change From Baseline in the Daily Average of the 7-point Self-monitored Plasma Glucose (SMPG) to Week 52: Single Arm Extension Period

    The 7-point SMPG profile was measured at the following 7 points: pre-prandial and 2 hours postprandial for breakfast, lunch, dinner and at bedtime. Two hours postprandial (breakfast, lunch and dinner) was defined as 2 hours after the start of the meal.

    Time frame: Baseline, Week 52

  7. Change From Baseline in 2-Hour Postprandial Plasma Glucose (PPG) During Standardized Meal Test to Week 26: Core Period

    The 2-hour PPG test measured blood glucose 2 hours after eating a liquid standardized breakfast meal. Change in PPG was calculated by subtracting baseline value from Week 26 value. Missing data was imputed using last observation carried forward (LOCF).

    Time frame: Baseline, Week 26

  8. Change From Baseline in 2-Hour Postprandial Plasma Glucose (PPG) During Standardized Meal Test to Week 52: Single Arm Extension Period

    The 2-hour PPG test measured blood glucose 2 hours after eating a liquid standardized breakfast meal. Change in PPG was calculated by subtracting baseline value from Week 52 value. Missing data was imputed using LOCF.

    Time frame: Baseline, Week 52

  9. Change From Baseline in 2-Hour Blood Glucose Excursion During Standardized Meal Test to Week 26: Core Period

    2-hour plasma glucose excursion = 2-hour PPG value minus plasma glucose value obtained 30 minutes prior to the start of meal and before investigational medicinal product (IMP) administration if IMP was injected before breakfast. Change in plasma glucose excursions were calculated by subtracting baseline value from Week 26 value. Missing data was imputed using LOCF.

    Time frame: Baseline, Week 26

  10. Change From Baseline in 2-Hour Blood Glucose Excursion During Standardized Meal Test to Week 52: Single Arm Extension Period

    2-hour plasma glucose excursion = 2-hour PPG value minus plasma glucose value obtained 30 minutes prior to the start of meal and before IMP administration if IMP was injected before breakfast. Change in plasma glucose excursions were calculated by subtracting baseline value from Week 52 value. Missing data was imputed using LOCF.

    Time frame: Baseline, Week 52

  11. Percentage of Participants Requiring Rescue Therapy During the 26 Week Treatment Period: Core Period

    Routine HbA1c value was used to determine the requirement of rescue medication. Threshold values at Week 12 or later on Week 12: HbA1c \>8%.

    Time frame: From Baseline to Week 26

  12. Percentage of Participants Requiring Rescue Therapy During the 52 Week Treatment Period: Single Arm Extension Period

    Routine HbA1c value was used to determine the requirement of rescue medication. Threshold values at Week 12 or later on Week 12: HbA1c \>8%.

    Time frame: From Week 26 to Week 52

  13. Change From Baseline in Body Weight at Week 26: Core Period

    Change in body weight was calculated by subtracting baseline value from Week 26 value.

    Time frame: Baseline, Week 26

  14. Change From Baseline in Body Weight to Week 52: Single Arm Extension Period

    Change in body weight was calculated by subtracting baseline value from Week 52 value.

    Time frame: Baseline, Week 52

  15. Number of Documented Symptomatic Hypoglycemia Events Per Participant-Year: Core Period

    Documented symptomatic hypoglycemia was an event during which symptoms of hypoglycemia were accompanied by a measured plasma glucose concentration of \<=3.9 mmol/L (70 mg/dL). Hypoglycemic episodes with plasma glucose of \<3.0 mmol/L (54 mg/dL) were also analyzed.

    Time frame: From Baseline to Week 26

  16. Number of Documented Symptomatic Hypoglycemia Events Per Participant-Year: Single Arm Extension Period

    Documented symptomatic hypoglycemia was an event during which symptoms of hypoglycemia were accompanied by a measured plasma glucose concentration of \<=3.9 mmol/L (70 mg/dL). Hypoglycemic episodes with plasma glucose of \<3.0 mmol/L (54 mg/dL) were also analyzed.

    Time frame: From Baseline to Week 52

07

Results

Posted Jun 12, 2019

Participant flow

The study was conducted at 112 sites in 9 countries. A total of 840 participants were screened between 06 July 2016 and 01 November 2017, of which 326 were screen failures. Screen failures were mainly due to glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level lesser than (\<)7% or more than (\>)9% at screening visit.

Core Period: 26 Weeks
Participant flow — Core Period: 26 Weeks
MilestoneInsulin Glargine/Lixisenatide Fixed Ratio Combination (FRC)GLP-1 Receptor Agonist
Started257257
Treated255256
Completed230246
Not completed2711
Withdrew: Adverse event100
Withdrew: Lack of efficacy10
Withdrew: Poor compliance to protocol20
Withdrew: Withdrawal by subject99
Withdrew: Randomized but not treated21
Withdrew: Other than specified31
Extension Period:26 Weeks(Upto 52 Weeks)
Participant flow — Extension Period:26 Weeks(Upto 52 Weeks)
MilestoneInsulin Glargine/Lixisenatide Fixed Ratio Combination (FRC)GLP-1 Receptor Agonist
Started2060
Completed1970
Not completed90
Withdrew: Adverse event10
Withdrew: Poor compliance to protocol30
Withdrew: Other than specified50

Outcome measures

PrimaryChange From Baseline in Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) to Week 26: Core Period

Change in HbA1c was calculated by subtracting baseline value from Week 26 value. Adjusted least squares (LS) mean and standard error (SE) were obtained from Mixed-effect model with repeated measures (MMRM) to account for missing data using all available post baseline data during the 26 week treatment period.

Time frame:
Baseline, Week 26
Reported as:
Least squares mean · percentage of HbA1c
Change From Baseline in Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) to Week 26: Core Period
percentage of HbA1cInsulin Glargine/Lixisenatide Fixed Ratio Combination (FRC)GLP-1 Receptor Agonist
Change From Baseline in Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) to Week 26: Core Period-1.02 ± 0.048-0.38 ± 0.048
Statistical analysis
  • Insulin Glargine/Lixisenatide Fixed Ratio Combination (FRC) vs GLP-1 Receptor Agonist · Mixed Models Analysis · p = <0.0001 (Threshold for significance at 0.05 level.) · Least square (ls) mean difference: -0.64 · 95% CI -0.770 to -0.508
PrimaryChange From Baseline in Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) to Week 52: Single Arm Extension Period

Change in HbA1c was calculated by subtracting baseline value from Week 52 value.

Time frame:
Baseline, Week 52
Reported as:
Mean · percentage of HbA1c
Change From Baseline in Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) to Week 52: Single Arm Extension Period
percentage of HbA1cInsulin Glargine/Lixisenatide Fixed Ratio Combination (FRC)
Change From Baseline in Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) to Week 52: Single Arm Extension Period-1.01 ± 0.063
SecondaryPercentage of Participants Reaching HbA1c <7% or <=6.5% at Week 26: Core Period

Participants without any available HbA1c assessment at Week 26 were considered as non-responders.

Time frame:
Week 26
Reported as:
Number · percentage of participants
Percentage of Participants Reaching HbA1c <7% or <=6.5% at Week 26: Core Period
percentage of participantsInsulin Glargine/Lixisenatide Fixed Ratio Combination (FRC)GLP-1 Receptor Agonist
HbA1c <7%61.925.7
HbA1c <=6.5%40.59.9
Statistical analysis
  • Insulin Glargine/Lixisenatide Fixed Ratio Combination (FRC) vs GLP-1 Receptor Agonist · Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel · p = <.0001 (Threshold for significance \<=0.05) · Difference in percentage: 36.05 · 95% CI 28.11 to 43.99
SecondaryPercentage of Participants Reaching HbA1c <7 % or <=6.5% at Week 52: Single Arm Extension Period

Participants without any available HbA1c assessment at Week 52 were considered as non-responders.

Time frame:
Week 52
Reported as:
Number · percentage of participants
Percentage of Participants Reaching HbA1c <7 % or <=6.5% at Week 52: Single Arm Extension Period
percentage of participantsInsulin Glargine/Lixisenatide Fixed Ratio Combination (FRC)
HbA1c <7%64.1
HbA1c <=6.5%42.7
SecondaryChange From Baseline in Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG) to Week 26: Core Period

Change in FPG was calculated by subtracting baseline value from Week 26 value. Adjusted LS means and SE were obtained from MMRM to account for missing data using all available post baseline data during the 26 week treatment period.

Time frame:
Baseline, Week 26
Reported as:
Least squares mean · millimoles per litre (mmol/L)
Change From Baseline in Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG) to Week 26: Core Period
millimoles per litre (mmol/L)Insulin Glargine/Lixisenatide Fixed Ratio Combination (FRC)GLP-1 Receptor Agonist
Change From Baseline in Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG) to Week 26: Core Period-2.28 ± 0.120-0.60 ± 0.119
Statistical analysis
  • Insulin Glargine/Lixisenatide Fixed Ratio Combination (FRC) vs GLP-1 Receptor Agonist · Mixed Models Analysis · p = <0.0001 (Threshold for significance at 0.05 level.) · Ls mean difference: -1.67 · 95% CI -2.001 to -1.341
SecondaryChange From Baseline in Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG) to Week 52: Single Arm Extension Period

Change in FPG was calculated by subtracting baseline value from Week 52 value.

Time frame:
Baseline, Week 52
Reported as:
Mean · mmol/L
Change From Baseline in Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG) to Week 52: Single Arm Extension Period
mmol/LInsulin Glargine/Lixisenatide Fixed Ratio Combination (FRC)
Change From Baseline in Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG) to Week 52: Single Arm Extension Period-2.27 ± 0.173
SecondaryChange From Baseline in the Daily Average of the 7-point Self-monitored Plasma Glucose (SMPG) to Week 26: Core Period

The 7-point SMPG profile was measured at the following 7 points: pre-prandial and 2 hours postprandial for breakfast, lunch, dinner and at bedtime. Two hours postprandial (breakfast, lunch and dinner) was defined as 2 hours after the start of the meal. Adjusted LS means and SE were obtained from MMRM to account for missing data using all available post baseline data during the 26 week treatment period.

Time frame:
Baseline, Week 26
Reported as:
Least squares mean · mmol/L
Change From Baseline in the Daily Average of the 7-point Self-monitored Plasma Glucose (SMPG) to Week 26: Core Period
mmol/LInsulin Glargine/Lixisenatide Fixed Ratio Combination (FRC)GLP-1 Receptor Agonist
Change From Baseline in the Daily Average of the 7-point Self-monitored Plasma Glucose (SMPG) to Week 26: Core Period-1.69 ± 0.114-0.67 ± 0.112
Statistical analysis
  • Insulin Glargine/Lixisenatide Fixed Ratio Combination (FRC) vs GLP-1 Receptor Agonist · Mixed Models Analysis · p = <0.0001 (Threshold for significance at 0.05 level.) · Ls mean difference: -1.02 · 95% CI -1.325 to -0.708
SecondaryChange From Baseline in the Daily Average of the 7-point Self-monitored Plasma Glucose (SMPG) to Week 52: Single Arm Extension Period

The 7-point SMPG profile was measured at the following 7 points: pre-prandial and 2 hours postprandial for breakfast, lunch, dinner and at bedtime. Two hours postprandial (breakfast, lunch and dinner) was defined as 2 hours after the start of the meal.

Time frame:
Baseline, Week 52
Reported as:
Mean · mmol/L
Change From Baseline in the Daily Average of the 7-point Self-monitored Plasma Glucose (SMPG) to Week 52: Single Arm Extension Period
mmol/LInsulin Glargine/Lixisenatide Fixed Ratio Combination (FRC)
Change From Baseline in the Daily Average of the 7-point Self-monitored Plasma Glucose (SMPG) to Week 52: Single Arm Extension Period-1.68 ± 0.176
SecondaryChange From Baseline in 2-Hour Postprandial Plasma Glucose (PPG) During Standardized Meal Test to Week 26: Core Period

The 2-hour PPG test measured blood glucose 2 hours after eating a liquid standardized breakfast meal. Change in PPG was calculated by subtracting baseline value from Week 26 value. Missing data was imputed using last observation carried forward (LOCF).

Time frame:
Baseline, Week 26
Reported as:
Least squares mean · mmol/L
Change From Baseline in 2-Hour Postprandial Plasma Glucose (PPG) During Standardized Meal Test to Week 26: Core Period
mmol/LInsulin Glargine/Lixisenatide Fixed Ratio Combination (FRC)GLP-1 Receptor Agonist
Change From Baseline in 2-Hour Postprandial Plasma Glucose (PPG) During Standardized Meal Test to Week 26: Core Period-3.96 ± 0.211-1.11 ± 0.205
Statistical analysis
  • Insulin Glargine/Lixisenatide Fixed Ratio Combination (FRC) vs GLP-1 Receptor Agonist · ANCOVA · p = <0.0001 (Threshold for significance at 0.05 level.) · Ls mean difference: -2.85 · 95% CI -3.420 to -2.279
SecondaryChange From Baseline in 2-Hour Postprandial Plasma Glucose (PPG) During Standardized Meal Test to Week 52: Single Arm Extension Period

The 2-hour PPG test measured blood glucose 2 hours after eating a liquid standardized breakfast meal. Change in PPG was calculated by subtracting baseline value from Week 52 value. Missing data was imputed using LOCF.

Time frame:
Baseline, Week 52
Reported as:
Mean · mmol/L
Change From Baseline in 2-Hour Postprandial Plasma Glucose (PPG) During Standardized Meal Test to Week 52: Single Arm Extension Period
mmol/LInsulin Glargine/Lixisenatide Fixed Ratio Combination (FRC)
Change From Baseline in 2-Hour Postprandial Plasma Glucose (PPG) During Standardized Meal Test to Week 52: Single Arm Extension Period-4.30 ± 0.284
SecondaryChange From Baseline in 2-Hour Blood Glucose Excursion During Standardized Meal Test to Week 26: Core Period

2-hour plasma glucose excursion = 2-hour PPG value minus plasma glucose value obtained 30 minutes prior to the start of meal and before investigational medicinal product (IMP) administration if IMP was injected before breakfast. Change in plasma glucose excursions were calculated by subtracting baseline value from Week 26 value. Missing data was imputed using LOCF.

Time frame:
Baseline, Week 26
Reported as:
Least squares mean · mmol/L
Change From Baseline in 2-Hour Blood Glucose Excursion During Standardized Meal Test to Week 26: Core Period
mmol/LInsulin Glargine/Lixisenatide Fixed Ratio Combination (FRC)GLP-1 Receptor Agonist
Change From Baseline in 2-Hour Blood Glucose Excursion During Standardized Meal Test to Week 26: Core Period-1.51 ± 0.177-0.52 ± 0.173
Statistical analysis
  • Insulin Glargine/Lixisenatide Fixed Ratio Combination (FRC) vs GLP-1 Receptor Agonist · ANCOVA · p = <0.0001 (Threshold for significance at 0.05 level.) · Ls mean difference: -0.99 · 95% CI -1.468 to -0.508
SecondaryChange From Baseline in 2-Hour Blood Glucose Excursion During Standardized Meal Test to Week 52: Single Arm Extension Period

2-hour plasma glucose excursion = 2-hour PPG value minus plasma glucose value obtained 30 minutes prior to the start of meal and before IMP administration if IMP was injected before breakfast. Change in plasma glucose excursions were calculated by subtracting baseline value from Week 52 value. Missing data was imputed using LOCF.

Time frame:
Baseline, Week 52
Reported as:
Mean · mmol/L
Change From Baseline in 2-Hour Blood Glucose Excursion During Standardized Meal Test to Week 52: Single Arm Extension Period
mmol/LInsulin Glargine/Lixisenatide Fixed Ratio Combination (FRC)
Change From Baseline in 2-Hour Blood Glucose Excursion During Standardized Meal Test to Week 52: Single Arm Extension Period-1.85 ± 0.209
SecondaryPercentage of Participants Requiring Rescue Therapy During the 26 Week Treatment Period: Core Period

Routine HbA1c value was used to determine the requirement of rescue medication. Threshold values at Week 12 or later on Week 12: HbA1c \>8%.

Time frame:
From Baseline to Week 26
Reported as:
Number · percentage of participants
Percentage of Participants Requiring Rescue Therapy During the 26 Week Treatment Period: Core Period
percentage of participantsInsulin Glargine/Lixisenatide Fixed Ratio Combination (FRC)GLP-1 Receptor Agonist
Percentage of Participants Requiring Rescue Therapy During the 26 Week Treatment Period: Core Period4.815.0
SecondaryPercentage of Participants Requiring Rescue Therapy During the 52 Week Treatment Period: Single Arm Extension Period

Routine HbA1c value was used to determine the requirement of rescue medication. Threshold values at Week 12 or later on Week 12: HbA1c \>8%.

Time frame:
From Week 26 to Week 52
Reported as:
Number · percentage of participants
Percentage of Participants Requiring Rescue Therapy During the 52 Week Treatment Period: Single Arm Extension Period
percentage of participantsInsulin Glargine/Lixisenatide Fixed Ratio Combination (FRC)
Percentage of Participants Requiring Rescue Therapy During the 52 Week Treatment Period: Single Arm Extension Period1.5
SecondaryChange From Baseline in Body Weight at Week 26: Core Period

Change in body weight was calculated by subtracting baseline value from Week 26 value.

Time frame:
Baseline, Week 26
Reported as:
Least squares mean · kilogram (kg)
Change From Baseline in Body Weight at Week 26: Core Period
kilogram (kg)Insulin Glargine/Lixisenatide Fixed Ratio Combination (FRC)GLP-1 Receptor Agonist
Change From Baseline in Body Weight at Week 26: Core Period1.89 ± 0.222-1.14 ± 0.220
SecondaryChange From Baseline in Body Weight to Week 52: Single Arm Extension Period

Change in body weight was calculated by subtracting baseline value from Week 52 value.

Time frame:
Baseline, Week 52
Reported as:
Mean · kg
Change From Baseline in Body Weight to Week 52: Single Arm Extension Period
kgInsulin Glargine/Lixisenatide Fixed Ratio Combination (FRC)
Change From Baseline in Body Weight to Week 52: Single Arm Extension Period2.78 ± 0.294
SecondaryNumber of Documented Symptomatic Hypoglycemia Events Per Participant-Year: Core Period

Documented symptomatic hypoglycemia was an event during which symptoms of hypoglycemia were accompanied by a measured plasma glucose concentration of \<=3.9 mmol/L (70 mg/dL). Hypoglycemic episodes with plasma glucose of \<3.0 mmol/L (54 mg/dL) were also analyzed.

Time frame:
From Baseline to Week 26
Reported as:
Number · events per participant-year
Number of Documented Symptomatic Hypoglycemia Events Per Participant-Year: Core Period
events per participant-yearInsulin Glargine/Lixisenatide Fixed Ratio Combination (FRC)GLP-1 Receptor Agonist
Documented symptomatic hypoglycemia(<=3.9 mmol/L)1.540.08
Documented symptomatic hypoglycemia (<3.0 mmol/L)0.250.01
SecondaryNumber of Documented Symptomatic Hypoglycemia Events Per Participant-Year: Single Arm Extension Period

Documented symptomatic hypoglycemia was an event during which symptoms of hypoglycemia were accompanied by a measured plasma glucose concentration of \<=3.9 mmol/L (70 mg/dL). Hypoglycemic episodes with plasma glucose of \<3.0 mmol/L (54 mg/dL) were also analyzed.

Time frame:
From Baseline to Week 52
Reported as:
Number · events per participant-year
Number of Documented Symptomatic Hypoglycemia Events Per Participant-Year: Single Arm Extension Period
events per participant-yearInsulin Glargine/Lixisenatide Fixed Ratio Combination (FRC)
Documented symptomatic hypoglycemia(<=3.9 mmol/L)1.59
Documented symptomatic hypoglycemia (<3.0 mmol/L)0.24

Adverse events

Collected over All Adverse Events (AEs) were collected from signature of informed consent until the end of the study (up to 52 weeks).. Non-serious events are listed at a 5% frequency threshold.

Adverse event summary by group
GroupDeathsSeriousOther
Fixed Ratio Combination0/255 (0%)10/255 (3.9%)69/255 (27.1%)
GLP-1 Receptor Agonist0/256 (0%)9/256 (3.5%)48/256 (18.8%)
Fixed Ratio Combination Whole Study Period1/206 (0.5%)21/206 (10.2%)75/206 (36.4%)
Most frequent serious events
Showing 10 of 51
Most frequent serious events
EventFixed Ratio CombinationGLP-1 Receptor AgonistFixed Ratio Combination Whole Study Period
Cardiac Failure CongestiveCardiac disorders0/2550/2562/206
Coronary Artery DiseaseCardiac disorders0/2550/2562/206
FallInjury, poisoning and procedural complications2/2550/2562/206
Subarachnoid HaemorrhageNervous system disorders0/2550/2562/206
Arteriosclerosis Coronary ArteryCardiac disorders0/2550/2561/206
Atrial FibrillationCardiac disorders1/2550/2561/206
Cardiac FailureCardiac disorders0/2550/2561/206
Ischaemic CardiomyopathyCardiac disorders1/2550/2561/206
Duodenal UlcerGastrointestinal disorders0/2550/2561/206
Rectal HaemorrhageGastrointestinal disorders1/2550/2561/206
Most frequent other events
Most frequent other events
EventFixed Ratio CombinationGLP-1 Receptor AgonistFixed Ratio Combination Whole Study Period
NasopharyngitisInfections and infestations25/25523/25632/206
NauseaGastrointestinal disorders22/2556/25619/206
DiarrhoeaGastrointestinal disorders14/2556/25615/206
InfluenzaInfections and infestations11/2556/25615/206
Upper Respiratory Tract InfectionInfections and infestations9/25512/25613/206

Baseline characteristics

Analysis was performed on randomized population.

Age, Continuous
Age, Continuous(years)Insulin Glargine/Lixisenatide Fixed Ratio Combination (FRC)GLP-1 Receptor AgonistTotal
Mean59.2 ± 9.660.0 ± 10.359.6 ± 10.0
Sex: Female, Male
Sex: Female, Male(Participants)Insulin Glargine/Lixisenatide Fixed Ratio Combination (FRC)GLP-1 Receptor AgonistTotal
Female131113244
Male126144270
Race/Ethnicity, Customized
Race/Ethnicity, Customized(Participants)Insulin Glargine/Lixisenatide Fixed Ratio Combination (FRC)GLP-1 Receptor AgonistTotal
American Indian or Alaska Native000
Asian/Oriental347
Black12719
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander101
White241244485
Unknown or Not Reported'022
Body Mass Index (BMI)
Body Mass Index (BMI)(Participants)Insulin Glargine/Lixisenatide Fixed Ratio Combination (FRC)GLP-1 Receptor AgonistTotal
<307169140
>=30186188374
Duration of diabetes
Duration of diabetes(years)Insulin Glargine/Lixisenatide Fixed Ratio Combination (FRC)GLP-1 Receptor AgonistTotal
Mean11.23 ± 7.4210.95 ± 6.0811.09 ± 6.78
Hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C)
Hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C)(percentage of HbA1c)Insulin Glargine/Lixisenatide Fixed Ratio Combination (FRC)GLP-1 Receptor AgonistTotal
Mean7.78 ± 0.627.80 ± 0.567.79 ± 0.59
Daily dose of metformin at baseline
Daily dose of metformin at baseline(milligrams (mg))Insulin Glargine/Lixisenatide Fixed Ratio Combination (FRC)GLP-1 Receptor AgonistTotal
Mean1966.93 ± 434.562030.74 ± 497.151998.83 ± 467.54
Daily dose of pioglitazone at baseline
Daily dose of pioglitazone at baseline(mg)Insulin Glargine/Lixisenatide Fixed Ratio Combination (FRC)GLP-1 Receptor AgonistTotal
Mean31.25 ± 10.0332.73 ± 8.8332.21 ± 9.14

3 further baseline measures are reported on the registry.

08

Study locations

124 sites
  • Investigational Site Number 8400064
    Birmingham, Alabama 35205, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400073
    Fountain Hills, Arizona 85268, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400047
    Phoenix, Arizona 85028, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400103
    Bakersfield, California 93309, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400137
    Fresno, California 93720, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400043
    Huntington Park, California 90255, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400124
    Lamont, California 93241, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400027
    Lancaster, California 93534, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400098
    Los Angeles, California 90017, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400013
    Los Angeles, California 90057, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400042
    Mission Hills, California 91345, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400006
    Northridge, California 91325, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400021
    Orange, California 92868, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400126
    Rialto, California 92377, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400094
    Santa Ana, California 92704, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400009
    Ventura, California 93003, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400071
    Denver, Colorado 80209, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400036
    Denver, Colorado 80246, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400114
    Jacksonville, Florida 32216, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400133
    Miami, Florida 33165, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400058
    Port Charlotte, Florida 33952, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400084
    Tampa, Florida 33612, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400112
    West Palm Beach, Florida 33401, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400045
    Lawrenceville, Georgia 30046, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400096
    Snellville, Georgia 30078, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400023
    Springfield, Illinois 62711, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400049
    Avon, Indiana 46123, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400053
    Avon, Indiana 46123, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400085
    Avon, Indiana 46123, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400120
    Avon, Indiana 46123, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400041
    Evansville, Indiana 47714, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400038
    Indianapolis, Indiana 46254-5469, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400130
    Council Bluffs, Iowa 51501, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400034
    Lexington, Kentucky 40503, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400091
    Lexington, Kentucky 40503, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400078
    Marrero, Louisiana 70072, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400032
    Metairie, Louisiana 70006, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400088
    New Orleans, Louisiana 70121, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400033
    Baltimore, Maryland 21237, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400051
    Jefferson City, Missouri 65109, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400083
    Papillion, Nebraska 68046-3136, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400044
    Henderson, Nevada 89052, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400079
    Albany, New York 12206, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400061
    New York, New York 10001, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400123
    North Massapequa, New York 11758, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400095
    Staten Island, New York 10301, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400067
    West Seneca, New York 14224, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400111
    Yonkers, New York 10704, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400020
    Morehead City, North Carolina 28557, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400065
    Wilmington, North Carolina 28401, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400018
    Fargo, North Dakota 58104, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400019
    Columbus, Ohio 43201, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400056
    Dayton, Ohio 45439, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400125
    Mentor, Ohio 44060, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400099
    Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73112, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400129
    Scottdale, Pennsylvania 15683, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400076
    Smithfield, Pennsylvania 15478, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400104
    Warwick, Rhode Island 02886, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400090
    Columbia, South Carolina 29204, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400139
    Austin, Texas 78749, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400001
    Dallas, Texas 75230-6885, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400118
    Edinburg, Texas 78539, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400008
    Houston, Texas 77004, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400109
    Houston, Texas 77040, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400063
    Houston, Texas 77061, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400106
    Houston, Texas 77081, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400014
    North Richland Hills, Texas 76180, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400089
    San Antonio, Texas 78240, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400135
    Schertz, Texas 78154, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400075
    Shavano Park, Texas 78231, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400107
    Sugar Land, Texas 77478, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400054
    Orem, Utah 84058, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400025
    Salt Lake City, Utah 84102, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 8400092
    Weber City, Virginia 24290, United States
  • Investigational Site Number 1240003
    Burlington, L7M 4Y1, Canada
  • Investigational Site Number 1240006
    Corunna, N0N 1G0, Canada
  • Investigational Site Number 1240002
    Red Deer, T4N 6V7, Canada
  • Investigational Site Number 1240001
    Vancouver, V5Y 3W2, Canada
  • Investigational Site Number 2330002
    Pärnu, 80018, Estonia
  • Investigational Site Number 2330003
    Tallinn, 10138, Estonia
  • Investigational Site Number 2330001
    Tallinn, 13419, Estonia
  • Investigational Site Number 2330004
    Viljandi, 71024, Estonia
  • Investigational Site Number 2760001
    Dresden, 01307, Germany
  • Investigational Site Number 2760003
    Oldenburg in Holstein, 23758, Germany
  • Investigational Site Number 3760001
    Haifa, 31096, Israel
  • Investigational Site Number 3760002
    Haifa, 35152, Israel
  • Investigational Site Number 3760005
    Jerusalem, 91120, Israel
  • Investigational Site Number 3760006
    Jerusalem, 93106, Israel
  • Investigational Site Number 3760004
    Tel Aviv, 6203854, Israel
  • Investigational Site Number 3800008
    Bergamo, 24127, Italy
  • Investigational Site Number 3800002
    Bologna, 40138, Italy
  • Investigational Site Number 3800001
    Milan, 20132, Italy
  • Investigational Site Number 3800006
    Milan, 20142, Italy
  • Investigational Site Number 3800005
    Naples, 80131, Italy
  • Investigational Site Number 3800004
    Roma, 00128, Italy
  • Investigational Site Number 3800003
    Roma, 00133, Italy
  • Investigational Site Number 6420004
    Bacau, 600154, Romania
  • Investigational Site Number 6420006
    Brasov, 500097, Romania
  • Investigational Site Number 6420001
    Bucharest, 020045, Romania
  • Investigational Site Number 6420008
    Buzău, 120203, Romania

Showing the first 100 of 124 sites across 9 countries.

09

References and documents

Publications

  • Kuruvilla DE, Mann JI, Tepper SJ, Starling AJ, Panza G, Johnson MAL. Phase 3 randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled Trial of e-TNS for the Acute treatment of Migraine (TEAM). Sci Rep. 2022 Mar 24;12(1):5110. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-09071-6. PubMed 35332216 ↗
  • Ferrannini E, Niemoeller E, Dex T, Servera S, Mari A. Fixed-ratio combination of insulin glargine plus lixisenatide (iGlarLixi) improves ss-cell function in people with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2022 Jun;24(6):1159-1165. doi: 10.1111/dom.14688. Epub 2022 Mar 28. PubMed 35257461 ↗
  • Guja C, Giorgino F, Blonde L, Ali A, Prazny M, Meier JJ, Souhami E, Lubwama R, Ji C, Rosenstock J. Concomitant iGlarLixi and Sodium-Glucose Co-transporter-2 Inhibitor Therapy in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes: LixiLan-G Trial and Real-World Evidence Results. Diabetes Ther. 2022 Jan;13(1):205-215. doi: 10.1007/s13300-021-01180-1. Epub 2021 Dec 11. PubMed 34894329 ↗
  • Blonde L, Rosenstock J, Frias J, Birkenfeld AL, Niemoeller E, Souhami E, Ji C, Del Prato S, Aroda VR. Durable Effects of iGlarLixi Up to 52 Weeks in Type 2 Diabetes: The LixiLan-G Extension Study. Diabetes Care. 2021 Mar;44(3):774-780. doi: 10.2337/dc20-2023. Epub 2021 Jan 19. PubMed 33468520 ↗
  • Blonde L, Rosenstock J, Del Prato S, Henry R, Shehadeh N, Frias J, Niemoeller E, Souhami E, Ji C, Aroda VR. Switching to iGlarLixi Versus Continuing Daily or Weekly GLP-1 RA in Type 2 Diabetes Inadequately Controlled by GLP-1 RA and Oral Antihyperglycemic Therapy: The LixiLan-G Randomized Clinical Trial. Diabetes Care. 2019 Nov;42(11):2108-2116. doi: 10.2337/dc19-1357. Epub 2019 Sep 17. PubMed 31530665 ↗

Study documents

  • Study protocol · May 12, 2017
  • Statistical analysis plan · Sep 7, 2017

Documents are hosted by the registry — open the source record to download them.

Individual participant data

Plan to share: Yes — Qualified researchers may request access to patient level data and related study documents including the clinical study report, study protocol with any amendments, blank case report form, statistical analysis plan, and dataset specifications. Patient level data will be anonymized and study documents will be redacted to protect the privacy of trial participants. Further details on Sanofi's data sharing criteria, eligible studies, and process for requesting access can be found at: https://vivli.org

10

Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Mar 25, 2022, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
11

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT02787551
Lead sponsor
Sanofi
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Jun 1, 2016
Start date
Jul 6, 2016
Primary completion
May 25, 2018
Completion
Nov 17, 2018
Results posted
Jun 12, 2019
Last update
Mar 25, 2022

Study contacts

Clinical Sciences & Operations
study director · Sanofi

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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This study is completed, as verified in Mar 2022. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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Studies of the drugs tested here: Insulin Glargine · Lixisenatide

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