CClinicalTrials.gg
CompletedNCT02684240Updated Aug 5, 2020

A 14 Day Early Bactericidal Activity Study of Nitazoxanide for the Treatment of Tuberculosis

A Phase 2 interventional study of Nitazoxanide and Control in Tuberculosis, sponsored by Weill Medical College of Cornell University. Completed at 1 site in Haiti. Open to participants aged 18 Years to 65 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2020-08-05.

Sponsored by Weill Medical College of Cornell University · Phase 2, Interventional, and Treatment

Phase
Phase 2
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
30
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years to 65 Years
Sex
All
01

Study summary

This research is being done to determine if Nitazoxanide (NTZ) will cause a significant decrease in the number of M. tuberculosis bacteria in sputum after 14 days of treatment. The study is being conducted at the GHESKIO Centers in Port au Prince Haiti

Read the detailed description

This is a prospective randomized two-arm 14-day, early bactericidal activity study in treatment-naive, drug-susceptible patients with uncomplicated pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). The study will be conducted at the GHESKIO Centers in Port au Prince Haiti. Twenty patients will be randomized to receive NTZ 1 gram orally twice daily for 14 days. Ten patients will be randomized as positive controls to receive standard 4 drug tuberculosis therapy with isoniazid (H), rifampin (R), ethambutol (E), and pyrazinamide (PZA). Patients' sputum will be collected before and then every two days during 14 days of treatment, and the primary endpoint will be the change in the number of M. tuberculosis in patients' sputum. Our primary hypothesis is that NTZ will result in a significant decrease in the number of M. tuberculosis in sputum during14 days of treatment. The number of M. tuberculosis will be quantified by the time to positive (TTP) signal in hours in an automated liquid media culture system (BACTEC MGIT 960, Becton Dickinson).

02

Conditions studied

  • Tuberculosis

Browse trials for

03

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years to 65 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Inclusion criteria

  • Men and women ages 18 - 65
  • Diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis via: sputum-microscopy smear-positive (2+ or 3+) within 14 days plus Sputum GeneXpert positive within 14 days plus Chest radiograph consistent with M. tuberculosis within 14 days
  • TB treatment naïve at time of enrollment
  • Bodyweight > 40kg
  • Negative HIV test within 30 days
  • Able to complete activities of daily living (ADLs)
  • All participants must agree not to participate in a conception process (i.e. active attempt to become pregnant or to impregnate, donate sperm, in vitro fertilization)
  • All female participants must agree to use barrier methods such as condoms as well as hormonal contraception for dual prophylaxis.
  • Able to give informed consent and demonstrate understanding of this study and willingness to participate in this study
  • Willing to be hospitalized for 2 weeks

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Pregnancy
  • Evidence of complications of M. tuberculosis such as hemoptysis or shortness of breath
  • Extrapulmonary manifestations of M. tuberculosis
  • History of prior active tuberculosis
  • Evidence of rifampin resistance via GeneXpert
  • Previous diagnosis of diabetes or suggestion of impaired glucose metabolism via random plasma glucose
  • Previous diagnosis of HIV by any rapid HIV test or by ELISA
  • Any of the following lab abnormalities: Creatinine > 1.5 times the ULN; Random glucose > 2 times the ULN; ALT, AST, or alkaline phosphatase > 2 times the ULN; Hemoglobin \< 7.5 g/dL
  • Any participant currently taking antimycobacterial therapy or within the past 30 days
  • Any concomitant illness that could compromise patient safety in this trial such as renal failure, chronic liver disease or alcoholic dependency
  • Enrolled in another clinical trial
04

Study design

Phase
Phase 2
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
Single (Outcomes assessor)
Enrollment
30 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Nitazoxanide

    Participants with drug-sensitive tuberculous randomized to the NTZ arm will receive nitazoxanide 1000 mg po twice daily for 14 days. After this time point, participants will be switched to WHO standard tuberculosis therapy with isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide and ethambutol.

    Drug: Nitazoxanide

  • Other
    Control

    Participants with drug-sensitive tuberculosis randomized to the standard therapy arm will receive WHO standard tuberculosis therapy involving isoniazid 300 mg po daily, rifampin 600 mg po daily, pyrazinamide 25 mg/kg po daily and ethambutol 15 mg/kg po daily.

    Other: Control

Interventions

  • DrugNitazoxanide

    nitazoxanide 1000 mg orally twice daily with food for 14 days

    Also known as: Nizonide, Alinia

  • OtherControl

    The control arm will receive WHO standard therapy for tuberculosis with isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol

05

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. time to positivity (TTP)

    To assess the change in time in hours to positive (TTP) signal in an automated liquid media culture system (BACTEC MGIT 960, Becton Dickinson) in participants receiving NTZ over 14 days

    Time frame: first 14 days of anti-tuberculosis therapy

Secondary outcomes

  1. Number of participants with treatment-related adverse events as determined by DAIDS toxicity tables

    To assess the safety of 1000 mg twice daily dosing of NTZ in participants with drug-sensitive tuberculosis by grading each treatment-related adverse reaction according the DAIDS Toxicity tables (November 2014)

    Time frame: first 14 days of anti-tuberculosis therapy

  2. Maximum plasma concentration of NTZ

    To assess the maximum plasma concentration of NTZ via collection of whole blood samples at hours 2, 4, 6 after ingestion of 1000 mg NTZ on day 5 and day 14 of the study

    Time frame: first 14 days of anti-tuberculosis therapy

  3. Most probable number of M tuberculosis in 1 ml of sputum

    To quantify the number of M. tuberculosis (MTB) in sputum at baseline and at day 14 using most probable number (MPN) micro-plate assay with and without resuscitation factors added to media

    Time frame: first 14 days of anti-tuberculosis therapy

  4. First-line drug susceptibility (DST) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis via Mycobacterial Growth Indicator System (MGIT)

    To test for first-line drug susceptibility (DST) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to isoniazid, rifampin, pyrazinamide and ethambutol via MGIT

    Time frame: first 14 days of anti-tuberculosis therapy

  5. Quantification of change in urine metabolites and correlation with change in TTP

    To quantify the change in urine metabolites by LC-MS technology and the correlation of this change with change in TTP.

    Time frame: first 14 days of anti-tuberculosis therapy

  6. Minimum plasma concentration of NTZ

    To assess the minimum plasma concentration of NTZ via collection of whole blood samples at 30 minutes prior to ingestion of 1000 mg of NTZ on day 5 and day 14 of the study

    Time frame: first 14 days of anti-tuberculosis therapy

  7. Area under the curve of NTZ metabolites

    To assess the area under the curve of NTZ metabolites (tizoxanide, tizoxanide glucuronide) via collection of whole blood samples at hour 2, 4, and 6 post-ingestion of 1000 mg of NTZ on day 5 and day 14

    Time frame: first 14 days of anti-tuberculosis therapy

  8. Sputum concentration of NTZ

    To assess the sputum concentration of NTZ via collection of spot sputum samples 4 hours post-ingestion of 1000 mg NTZ on day 5 and day 14 of study

    Time frame: first 14 days of anti-tuberculosis therapy

  9. Change in Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of NTZ against Tuberculosis over 14 days

    To assess the MIC of NTZ against tuberculosis using microplate assay at baseline and again at day 14 to determine any change in the MIC over the course of treatment

    Time frame: first 14 days of anti-tuberculosis therapy

  10. Change in phylogeny of bacteria determined by sequencing of amplified 16S ribosomal DNA and/or metagenomic sequencing of bacterial DNA

    Change in phylogeny of bacteria determined by sequencing of amplified 16S ribosomal DNA and/or metagenomic sequencing of bacterial DNA over the course of 14 days and correlation of this change with change in TTP.

    Time frame: first 14 days of anti-tuberculosis therapy

  11. Transcriptional signature of treatment response using whole blood transcriptional profiles

    Determine the transcriptional signature of treatment response using whole blood transcriptional profiles obtained at baseline and day 14

    Time frame: first 14 days of anti-tuberculosis therapy

06

Study locations

1 site
  • Les Centres GHESKIO
    Port-au-Prince, Haiti
07

References and documents

Publications

  • de Carvalho LP, Lin G, Jiang X, Nathan C. Nitazoxanide kills replicating and nonreplicating Mycobacterium tuberculosis and evades resistance. J Med Chem. 2009 Oct 8;52(19):5789-92. doi: 10.1021/jm9010719. PubMed 19736929 ↗
  • Stockis A, De Bruyn S, Gengler C, Rosillon D. Nitazoxanide pharmacokinetics and tolerability in man during 7 days dosing with 0.5 g and 1 g b.i.d. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2002 May;40(5):221-7. doi: 10.5414/cpp40221. PubMed 12051574 ↗
  • Shigyo K, Ocheretina O, Merveille YM, Johnson WD, Pape JW, Nathan CF, Fitzgerald DW. Efficacy of nitazoxanide against clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2013 Jun;57(6):2834-7. doi: 10.1128/AAC.02542-12. Epub 2013 Mar 18. PubMed 23507275 ↗
  • Walsh KF, McAulay K, Lee MH, Vilbrun SC, Mathurin L, Jean Francois D, Zimmerman M, Kaya F, Zhang N, Saito K, Ocheretina O, Savic R, Dartois V, Johnson WD, Pape JW, Nathan C, Fitzgerald DW. Early Bactericidal Activity Trial of Nitazoxanide for Pulmonary Tuberculosis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2020 Apr 21;64(5):e01956-19. doi: 10.1128/AAC.01956-19. Print 2020 Apr 21. PubMed 32071052 ↗
  • Wipperman MF, Bhattarai SK, Vorkas CK, Maringati VS, Taur Y, Mathurin L, McAulay K, Vilbrun SC, Francois D, Bean J, Walsh KF, Nathan C, Fitzgerald DW, Glickman MS, Bucci V. Gastrointestinal microbiota composition predicts peripheral inflammatory state during treatment of human tuberculosis. Nat Commun. 2021 Feb 18;12(1):1141. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-21475-y. PubMed 33602926 ↗

Individual participant data

Plan to share: Yes — Data will be shared once the trial is complete. Data is currently being analyzed.

08

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT02684240
Lead sponsor
Weill Medical College of Cornell University
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Feb 17, 2016
Start date
Feb 2016
Primary completion
Apr 11, 2018
Completion
Apr 11, 2018
Last update
Aug 5, 2020

Study contacts

Daniel W Fitzgerald, MD
principal investigator · Weill Medical College of Cornell University
Carl Nathan, MD
study chair · Weill Medical College of Cornell University
Jean William Pape, MD
study chair · Groupe Haitien d'Etude du Sarcome de Kaposi et des Infections Opportunistes (GHESKIO)

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
Yes
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is completed, as verified in Aug 2020. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

Follow this study

Get an email when the registry record changes — status, dates, results — or when someone posts here.

Sign in to follow

Discussion

Questions and observations about this study, from anyone following it. Not medical advice, and not a channel to the study team — their contact details are on the registry record.

Sign in to join the discussion. Reading takes no account; posting does. You choose a display name, and a pseudonym is the default.

Nothing here yet. If you are running this trial, taking part in it, or weighing whether to, this is the place to say so.

Start the discussion