ClinicalTrials.gg
CompletedNCT02316171CANONUpdated Jul 27, 2022Results posted

CAVATAK (CVA21) in Non-muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer (VLA-012 CANON)

A Phase 1 interventional study of CVA21 and Mitomycin C in Non-muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer, sponsored by Viralytics. Completed at 1 site in United Kingdom. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2022-07-27.

Sponsored by Viralytics · Phase 1, Interventional, and Treatment

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Phase
Phase 1
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
16
Allocation
Non-randomized
Ages
18 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Where this study stands

Counted across the records on this site · 2026-11-13

Among 20 studies in Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Neoplasms with a site in United Kingdom — 8 open to participants now, 11 under way, 6 of them phase 3. Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Neoplasms · United Kingdom.

Enrollment
16th of 17
16 · median 272
Started
2015
the only one that year
Phase 1
4 of 20
2 open now
Registered
1st of 20
by date

Among the 20 studies in Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Neoplasms with a site in United Kingdom, this one is the 16th largest by enrollment of the 17 interventional ones that give a count, is the only one that started in 2015, is one of 4 in phase 1, and was the 1st registered.

Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Neoplasms

294 studies on the registry are indexed under Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Neoplasms; 126 are open to participants now.

Browse Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Neoplasms studies →

Open to participants now

8 of the 20 studies in Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Neoplasms with a site in United Kingdom are open now. Recruiting first, the newest first:

3 more — sign in →

All 8 open studies →

A study can be open while its sites in United Kingdom have not opened yet or have stopped. Only those recruiting at a site in United Kingdom →

Who these studies take

Of the 92 Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Neoplasms studies recruiting now, 77 (84%) set no upper age limit and 5 (5%) stop at 75 or younger; 2 take children under 18; 2 take healthy volunteers.

This study: 18 Years and older · all sexes · no healthy volunteers.

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Watch this landscapeDownload CSVNarrow it in search →With an account: a weekly mail of what changed among 20 studies in Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Neoplasms with a site in United Kingdom, or all of them as a file.
02

Study summary

The study consisted of 2 sequential parts. Part A assessed the safety and tolerability of CAVATAK administered via intravesical instillation in patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer scheduled to undergo TUR. Part B assessed the safety and tolerability of CAVATAK administered in sequential combination with low dose Mitomycin C in the same patient population.

Read the detailed description

This was a Phase I, two-part, open-label, dose-escalation study designed to evaluate CVA21 alone and in sequential combination with low-dose mitomycin C in patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) who were candidates for and were planning to undergo TUR for treatment of their disease. This gave a relatively homogeneous study population and facilitated collection of resected tumour tissue for histological, pharmacodynamics (PD) and pharmacokinetic (PK) analyses.

03

Conditions studied

  • Non-muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer

Keywords

  • Coxsackievirus A21
  • bladder cancer
  • CVA21
  • CAVATAK
04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • Clinical diagnosis of NMIBC based on cystoscopic appearance
  • 0-2
  • No intravesical therapy within 6 weeks of study entry
  • No prior radiation to the pelvis
  • >1500/mm³; >9.0 g/dL; >100000/mm³
  • Serum creatinine ≤ 1.5 mg/dL
  • within normal limits; ≤ 2.5x (ULN); ALT ≤ 2.5 x ULN; alkaline phosphatase ≤ 2.5x ULN unless bone is present in the absence of liver metastasis
  • \< 1.2; aPPT = 0.8-1.2; PT = 0.9-1.8
  • Candidate for TUR and planning to undergo TUR
  • Negative pregnancy test within 7 days of treatment start
  • Patients of must agree to use an effective method of

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Prior local or systemic treatments for NMIBC
  • Concurrent treatment with any chemotherapeutic agent
  • Patients not deemed acceptable for general anaesthesia
  • Women who are pregnant or lactating
  • History of vesicoureteric reflux or an indwelling urinary stent
  • Administration of an agent within 3 months of study entry
  • Active cardiac disease
  • Known infection with , or C
  • Active uncontrolled infection
Terms in these criteria, in plain language(14)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

ECOG performance status

A scale of how much an illness limits everyday activity. For people being assessed to join a study, scores run from 0 (fully active) to 4; lower is more active.

0
Fully active, no restrictions.
1
Limited in strenuous activity, but walking and able to do light work, such as housework or office work.
2
Walking and able to look after yourself, but unable to work; up and about more than half of waking hours.
3
Able to look after yourself only in part; in bed or a chair more than half of waking hours.
4
Unable to look after yourself at all; in bed or a chair all day.

Studies most often ask for 0–1 or 0–2. Your doctor gives the score; the WHO scale uses the same steps. The full scale also has 5, which records death.

Absolute neutrophil count (ANC)

The number of neutrophils, white blood cells that help fight infection, in a given amount of blood. Too few raises the risk of infection.

It is a count, not a percentage of the white cells. Limits are written in units that mean the same: ≥ 1.5 × 10⁹/L is ≥ 1,500 per mm³ (µL). Each lab has its own reference range.

Hemoglobin (Hb)

The protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen. A low level is anaemia, which can cause tiredness and breathlessness. Measured in g/dL or g/L (9 g/dL is 90 g/L).

Platelets

Blood cells that help blood clot. Too few raises the risk of bleeding and bruising. A usual adult range is about 150–400 × 10⁹/L (150,000–400,000 per µL); each lab has its own reference range.

Bilirubin

A yellow substance made when red blood cells are broken down, which the liver clears. A high level can mean a problem with the liver or the bile ducts.

Criteria often allow more for people with Gilbert’s syndrome, a harmless inherited condition that raises bilirubin.

ALT and AST (liver enzymes)

Two enzymes measured in a routine blood test of the liver. Higher levels can mean the liver is under strain or damaged. SGPT and SGOT are older names for ALT and AST.

Criteria usually give a limit as a multiple of the upper limit of normal (ULN), often higher when cancer has spread to the liver.

ULN (upper limit of normal)

The top of the normal range for a blood test, as set by the laboratory that runs it. Each lab prints its own range next to your result.

“≤ 2.5 × ULN” means the result can be up to two and a half times that top value.

Metastases

Cancer that has spread from where it began to other parts of the body. “Metastatic” cancer is cancer that has spread this way.

INR, PT and aPTT (clotting tests)

Blood tests of how long blood takes to clot. The INR is the prothrombin time (PT) put on a common scale; about 1 is usual for someone not taking a blood thinner.

Criteria often make an exception for people on a blood thinner such as warfarin, whose INR is raised on purpose.

Childbearing potential

Able to become pregnant: from the first period until menopause, unless permanently unable to through surgery (removal of the womb, or of both ovaries or both fallopian tubes).

Criteria for people of childbearing potential usually ask for a negative pregnancy test and for contraception during the study and for a time after it.

Contraception

Ways of preventing pregnancy. “Highly effective” methods fail less than 1% of the time a year when used correctly — for example an IUD or an implant.

Criteria usually say which methods count and how long to keep using them after the last dose, sometimes for male participants too. Some studies accept a partner’s vasectomy if it was confirmed successful and that person is the participant’s only sexual partner.

Investigational drug or device

A drug or device being studied in a clinical trial.

It may be new, or already approved and being studied for another use, dose or form. Criteria often leave out people who took part in another study of one within a recent period, commonly 30 days or five half-lives.

HIV

The human immunodeficiency virus, which weakens the immune system.

Many studies now accept people whose HIV is controlled on treatment, judged by the viral load and the CD4 count. Check the limits this study sets.

Hepatitis B tests

Hepatitis B is a virus that infects the liver. These are separate tests: HBsAg positive usually means a current infection (a recent vaccination can briefly cause it too); total anti-HBc (HBcAb) positive means an infection now or in the past; HBV DNA measures how much virus is in the blood.

Some studies accept a past infection if HBV DNA is undetectable, sometimes with antiviral medicine during the study. Check what this study allows.

05

Study design

Phase
Phase 1
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Non-randomized
Intervention model
Sequential assignment
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
16 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    CVA21

    CVA21 was administered by intravesical instillation at one of three (3) ascending dose levels or schedules.

    Biological: CVA21

  • Experimental
    CVA21/Mitomycin C

    Mitomycin C (MMC) was administered at 10 mg by intravesical instillation on Day 1. Four hours after instillation of MMC, CVA21 was administered by intravesical instillation of one of 2 ascending dose levels or schedules. Subjects received a second instillation of CVA21 alone on Day 2 without pretreatment with MMC.

    Biological: CVA21 · Drug: Mitomycin C

Interventions

  • BiologicalCVA21

    CAVATAK is a purified preparation of CVA21

    Also known as: CAVATAK, Coxsackievirus A21

  • Chemotherapy

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Incidence of Dose-limiting Toxicities Treatment-related Adverse Events.

    Number of Participants with Treatment-emergent adverse events. The events for each cohort of dose of CVA21 only are pooled for the analysis.

    Time frame: 30 days from last dose

07

Results

Posted Jun 17, 2019
Limitations and caveats
Small number of subjects with limited follow-up; study not designed to give any indication of efficacy. The analysis for each dose escalation cohort for CVA21 only was pooled as the numbers were so small. This resulted in an analysis showing 2 arms.

Participant flow

9 patients were enrolled into VLA012A and 6 patients into VLA012B and data presented for these 15 patients. One patient was enrolled, but not treated due to difficulties in placing the urinary catheter.

Participant flow — Overall Study
MilestoneA1 - CVA21 1x10^8 TCID50CVA21/Mitomycin CA2 - CVA21 3x10^8 TCID50.A3 - CVA21 3x10^8 TCID50 x2
Started4633
Completed3633
Not completed1000
Withdrew: Difficulties with urinary catheter1000

Outcome measures

PrimaryIncidence of Dose-limiting Toxicities Treatment-related Adverse Events.

Number of Participants with Treatment-emergent adverse events. The events for each cohort of dose of CVA21 only are pooled for the analysis.

Time frame:
30 days from last dose
Reported as:
Count of participants · Participants
Incidence of Dose-limiting Toxicities Treatment-related Adverse Events.
ParticipantsCVA21CVA21/Mitomycin C
Incidence of Dose-limiting Toxicities Treatment-related Adverse Events.96

Adverse events

Collected over 30 days. The analysis for each dose escalation cohort for CVA21 only was pooled as the numbers were so small. This resulted in an analysis showing 2 arms.. Non-serious events are listed at a 5% frequency threshold.

Adverse event summary by group
GroupDeathsSeriousOther
CVA210/9 (0%)1/9 (11.1%)9/9 (100%)
CVA21/Mitomycin C0/6 (0%)0/6 (0%)6/6 (100%)
Most frequent serious events
Most frequent serious events
EventCVA21CVA21/Mitomycin C
E. Coli urinary tract infectionInfections and infestations1/90/6
Most frequent other events
Showing 10 of 41
Most frequent other events
EventCVA21CVA21/Mitomycin C
HematuriaRenal and urinary disorders5/94/6
DysuriaRenal and urinary disorders5/91/6
PollakiuriaRenal and urinary disorders3/91/6
HyperglycaemiaMetabolism and nutrition disorders3/91/6
Urinary tract infection enterococcalInfections and infestations2/91/6
Escherichia urinary tract infectionInfections and infestations2/90/6
Blood urea increasedInvestigations2/90/6
Blood uric acid increasedInvestigations2/90/6
FatigueGeneral disorders2/90/6
Decreased appetiteMetabolism and nutrition disorders2/90/6

Baseline characteristics

Received at least one dose of treatment.

Age, Continuous
Age, Continuous(years)CVA21CVA21/MitomycinCTotal
Mean67 ± 11.662.7 ± 8.365 ± 9.4
Sex: Female, Male
Sex: Female, Male(Participants)CVA21CVA21/MitomycinCTotal
Female213
Male7512
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)
Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)(Participants)CVA21CVA21/MitomycinCTotal
Hispanic or Latino000
Not Hispanic or Latino9615
Unknown or Not Reported000
08

Study locations

1 site
  • University of Surrey
    Guildford, United Kingdom
09

References and documents

Publications

  • Annels NE, Mansfield D, Arif M, Ballesteros-Merino C, Simpson GR, Denyer M, Sandhu SS, Melcher AA, Harrington KJ, Davies B, Au G, Grose M, Bagwan I, Fox B, Vile R, Mostafid H, Shafren D, Pandha HS. Phase I Trial of an ICAM-1-Targeted Immunotherapeutic-Coxsackievirus A21 (CVA21) as an Oncolytic Agent Against Non Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 2019 Oct 1;25(19):5818-5831. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-18-4022. Epub 2019 Jul 4. PubMed 31273010 ↗
10

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reachedSimilar studies: half by the dot; the band is the middle halfHalf of similar studies reached it by the dot; the band is the middle half, from a quarter to three quarters

Ran from Jan 2015 to primary completion in Mar 2016, 13 months.

Results were first posted in Jun 2019, 3 years 3 months after primary completion.

Of 24 phase 1 interventional studies under Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Neoplasms, half reached primary completion within 43 months of starting (the median), counting those still running; a quarter within 19 and three quarters within 61. This study's 13 months is below that.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Dec 7, 2014
First posted
Dec 12, 2014
StartActual
Jan 16, 2015
Primary completionActual
Mar 14, 2016
CompletionActual
Mar 14, 2016
Results first posted
Jun 17, 2019
Last update
Jul 27, 2022
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Jul 27, 2022, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
11

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT02316171
Lead sponsor
Viralytics
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Dec 12, 2014
Start date
Jan 16, 2015
Primary completion
Mar 14, 2016
Completion
Mar 14, 2016
Results posted
Jun 17, 2019
Last update
Jul 27, 2022

Study contacts

Hardev Pandha
principal investigator · Royal Surrey County Hospital NHS Foundation Trust

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is completed, as verified in Jul 2022. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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