CClinicalTrials.gg
CompletedNCT02234973FORGE AHEADUpdated Jun 11, 2020

Transformation of Indigenous Primary Healthcare Delivery

An observational study in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, sponsored by London Health Sciences Centre Research Institute and Lawson Research Institute of St. Joseph's. Completed at 1 site in Canada. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2020-06-11.

Sponsored by London Health Sciences Centre Research Institute and Lawson Research Institute of St. Joseph's · Observational

Study type
Observational
Model
Case-only
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrollment
500
Ages
18 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Study summary

Context: Indigenous peoples experience higher prevalence rates of diabetes and worse health outcomes compared to the general population because of a wide array of factors: social determinants of health, lifestyle, genetic susceptibility, and historic-political and psycho-social factors. Barriers to care that are unique to First Nations communities exacerbate the problem with fragmented healthcare, poor chronic disease management, healthcare staff turnover, and limited, or non-existent, surveillance.

Program: The TransFORmation of IndiGEnous PrimAry HEAlthcare Delivery (FORGE AHEAD) research program aims to develop and evaluate community-driven, culturally relevant, primary healthcare models that enhance chronic disease prevention and management in First Nations communities in Canada. Participants will consist of Indigenous community and clinic team members that will take part in multiple interrelated projects including community profiling, readiness consultations, diabetes registry and surveillance, and quality improvement workshops and action periods.

Design: This mixed-method pre-post observational study will capture: 1) diabetes clinical process and outcomes measures, 2) details about community-driven innovations, and 3) knowledge about the experience and cost of attempting to improve primary delivery in individual Indigenous communities.

Intervention/Instrument: Survey, literature review, 15 month intervention (readiness consultations, implementation and maintenance of a registry and surveillance system, community and clinic focused quality improvement workshops), interviews.

Measures: Primary- mean A1C of patients with diabetes (A1C ≥ 8.0% at baseline); Secondary-clinical process and outcome measures, change in stage of readiness, description of participation and innovation facilitators and barriers.

Policy Implications: The outcomes of this research program have the potential to significantly affect future policy decisions pertaining to chronic disease care in First Nations communities. Policy recommendations will be made to help support Indigenous communities in adopting successful innovations to help address issues related to diabetes and other chronic illnesses. The community-driven innovations developed in FORGE AHEAD and the subsequent policy decisions may enhance chronic disease prevention and management for Indigenous peoples across the country.

02

Conditions studied

  • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
03

In context

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2

9,359 studies on the registry are indexed under Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; 1,318 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 500 is above the median of 300 across 1,588 observational studies indexed under Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2.

Browse Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 studies →

Lead sponsor

London Health Sciences Centre Research Institute and Lawson Research Institute of St. Joseph's is the lead sponsor of 352 studies on the registry; 2 are open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
Yes
Sampling method
Non-probability sample

Study population

Indigenous community and clinic team members

Eligibility criteria

Community members

Inclusion Criteria:

  • 18 years of age or older
  • on-reserve residents of participating Indigenous community partners

Exclusion Criteria:

  • less than 18 years of age
  • off-reserve residents of participating or non-participating Indigenous community partners

Clinic team members

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Health centers of participating Indigenous community partners
  • Current type 2 diabetes mellitus registry and surveillance system

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Health centers of non-participating Indigenous community partners
  • No registry or surveillance system

Diabetes Registry

Inclusion Criteria:

  • adults (age≥ 18 years) with type 2 diabetes and most recent HbA1C≥ 8.0%

Exclusion Criteria:

  • gestational diabetes, type 1 diabetes, or severe co-morbidity associated with life expectancy \<6 months.
05

Study design

Observational model
Case-only
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrollment
500 participants (actual)
Target follow-up
3 Years
Patient registry
Yes

Groups and cohorts

  • 11 First Nations Community and Clinical Teams

    11 Community \& Clinical Teams in each First Nation community participated in the intervention.

    Behavioral: Quality Improvement

Interventions

  • BehavioralQuality Improvement

    Community and Clinical Teams engaged in implementing Quality Improvement initiatives to improve diabetes prevention and management within their First Nations community and clinic.

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. mean HbA1C of patients with diabetes (A1C ≥ 8.0% at baseline)

    Time frame: repeated measures: baseline (12 months prior to the start of the program)

  2. mean HbA1C of patients with diabetes (A1C ≥ 8.0% at baseline)

    Time frame: repeated measures: 6 month after program start date

  3. mean HbA1C of patients with diabetes (A1C ≥ 8.0% at baseline)

    Time frame: repeated measures: 12 month after program start date

  4. mean HbA1C of patients with diabetes (A1C ≥ 8.0% at baseline)

    Time frame: repeated measure: 18 months after program start

  5. mean HbA1C of patients with diabetes (A1C ≥ 8.0% at baseline)

    Time frame: repeated measure: 24 months after program start

07

Study locations

1 site
  • Centre for Studies in Family Medicine, Western University
    London, Ontario N6G2M1, Canada
08

References and documents

Publications

  • Tompkins JW, Mequanint S, Barre DE, Fournie M, Green ME, Hanley AJ, Hayward MN, Zwarenstein M, Harris SB; FORGE AHEAD Program Team. National Survey of Indigenous primary healthcare capacity and delivery models in Canada: the TransFORmation of IndiGEnous PrimAry HEAlthcare delivery (FORGE AHEAD) community profile survey. BMC Health Serv Res. 2018 Nov 1;18(1):828. doi: 10.1186/s12913-018-3578-8. PubMed 30382912 ↗
  • Hayward MN, Mequanint S, Paquette-Warren J, Bailie R, Chirila A, Dyck R, Green M, Hanley A, Tompkins J, Harris S; FORGE AHEAD Program Team. The FORGE AHEAD clinical readiness consultation tool: a validated tool to assess clinical readiness for chronic disease care mobilization in Canada's First Nations. BMC Health Serv Res. 2017 Mar 23;17(1):233. doi: 10.1186/s12913-017-2175-6. PubMed 28335823 ↗
  • Naqshbandi Hayward M, Paquette-Warren J, Harris SB; FORGE AHEAD Program Team. Developing community-driven quality improvement initiatives to enhance chronic disease care in Indigenous communities in Canada: the FORGE AHEAD program protocol. Health Res Policy Syst. 2016 Jul 26;14(1):55. doi: 10.1186/s12961-016-0127-y. PubMed 27456349 ↗

Related links

09

Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Jun 11, 2020, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT02234973
Lead sponsor
London Health Sciences Centre Research Institute and Lawson Research Institute of St. Joseph's
Collaborators
Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR), University of Western Ontario, Canada, First Nation Community Partners, Health Canada, First Nations and Inuit Health Branch, Assembly of First Nations, Canadian Diabetes Association, Ontario Stroke Network, Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada, Toronto Health Economics and Technology Assessment Collaborative, Tri-Ethnic Research Center Colorado State University, Hindsight Healthcare Strategies, AstraZeneca
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Sep 9, 2014
Start date
Sep 2014
Primary completion
Jun 2017
Completion
Mar 31, 2020
Last update
Jun 11, 2020

Study contacts

Stewart B Harris, MD, MPH
principal investigator · Western University
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is completed, as verified in Feb 2020. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

Follow this study

Get an email when the registry record changes — status, dates, results — or when someone posts here.

Sign in to follow

Discussion

Questions and observations about this study, from anyone following it. Not medical advice, and not a channel to the study team — their contact details are on the registry record.

Sign in to join the discussion. Reading takes no account; posting does. You choose a display name, and a pseudonym is the default.

Nothing here yet. If you are running this trial, taking part in it, or weighing whether to, this is the place to say so.

Start the discussion