ClinicalTrials.gg
TerminatedNCT02156843PIONEERUpdated Mar 9, 2016

Pyridorin in Diabetic Nephropathy

A Phase 3 interventional study of Pyridorin and Placebo in Diabetic Nephropathy and Diabetic Kidney Disease, sponsored by NephroGenex, Inc.. Terminated at 137 sites in 12 countries. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2016-03-09.

Sponsored by NephroGenex, Inc. · Phase 3, Interventional, and Treatment

Phase
Phase 3
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
328
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Study summary

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of oral Pyridorin 300 mg BID in reducing the rate of progression of nephropathy due to type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Read the detailed description

This is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multi-center Phase 3 study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Pyridorin 300 mg BID (twice daily, every 12 hours) in subjects with nephropathy due to type 2 diabetes mellitus. In this study, nephropathy is defined as a Serum Creatinine (SCr) >= 1.3 (≥1.25) mg/dL (111 umol/L) for female and >=1.5 (≥1.45) mg/dL (128 umol/L) for male subjects and a 24-hour urine collection protein/creatinine ration (PCR) >=1200 mg/g (136 mg/mmol), and if applicable for PS Phase, at Visit 1S or 1.1S a 24-urine collection PCR ≥600 mg/g (68 mg/mmol). Subjects must have a baseline SCr \< 3.0 mg/dL (265 umol/L) and must be on previously established standard of care at screening.

02

Conditions studied

  • Diabetic Nephropathy
  • Diabetic Kidney Disease

Keywords

  • Diabetic Kidney Disease
  • Nephropathy
  • Diabetic Nephropathy
  • Kidney Disease
  • Type 2 Diabetes
03

In context

Diabetic Nephropathies

543 studies on the registry are indexed under Diabetic Nephropathies; 110 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 328 is above the median of 78 across 388 interventional studies indexed under Diabetic Nephropathies.

Browse Diabetic Nephropathies studies →

Lead sponsor

NephroGenex, Inc. is the lead sponsor of 2 studies on the registry; none are open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

Patients meeting all of the following criteria will be eligible to participate in the study:

  1. Patients who have given voluntary written to participate in this study prior to conducting Screening (Visit 1) procedures;
  2. Patients 18 years of age or older with a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes;
  3. Women of (WOCBP) who agree to use appropriate (double-barrier methods, hormonal contraceptives, or intrauterine device) for the duration of the study (women of childbearing potential is defined as all women who are not surgically sterile or are not at least 1 year post menopausal). All women of childbearing potential must have a negative serum pregnancy test at Visit 1;
  4. All men (unless surgically sterile, as defined below) who have sexual intercourse with a WOCBP must agree and commit to use a highly effective method of contraception for the duration of the study (defined as the time of the signing of the informed consent form through the conclusion of patient participation). Highly effective methods of contraception include:

    i. Male subjects agreeing that they and their female spouse/partners will use adequate contraception (2 forms of birth control, one of which must be barrier method) or be of non-childbearing potential.

    ii. To be considered surgically sterilized, a male partner must have had a vasectomy at least 24 weeks before Visit 1;

  5. At Visit 1, patients must have a history of overt diabetic nephropathy, as defined by the following:

    • A SCr measurement ≥1.3 (≥1.25)mg/dL (111 µmol/L) for females or ≥1.5 (≥1.45) mg/dL (128 µmol/L) for males;
    • At Visit 1 or 1.1 24-hour urine collection PCR >1200 mg/g (130 mg/µmol) and, if applicable for PS phase, at Visit 1S or 1.1S a 24-urine collection PCR >600 mg/g (67 mg/µmol)
    • For eligibility determination, laboratory reported values of PCR will be rounded up to 2 significant digits (e.g. ≥1150 mg/g to 1200 mg/g; ≥595 mg/g to 600 mg/g),
  6. Patients must have a SCr measurement \<3.0 mg/dL (265 µmol/L);
  7. Patients must have an of ≥20 mL/min/1.73m2, using the 4-variable Modification of Diet in Renal Disease equation in which eGFR = 175 x (SCr(mg/dL))-1.154 x (Age(years))-0.203 x (0.742 if female) x (1.212 if African American);
  8. Patient must have a second screening SCr measurement at Visit 1.1 or 1.1S taken 1 week (± 2 days) after screening (Visit 1 or 1S). The value of the second screening SCr measurement must be \<3.0 mg/dL (265 µmol/L) for both genders and within 25% of the first screening measurement;
  9. Patients must be taking a single ACE-I or ARB at a constant dose for at least 26 weeks prior to Visit 1, where the dose of the ACE-I or the ARB is considered appropriate for that patient (can be zero to max dose approved by the FDA) and it is anticipated that the same dose can and will be maintained throughout the course of the study;
  10. Patients taking any blood pressure medications in addition to an ACE-I or ARB, including diuretics, must be on a stable dose for 13 weeks prior to Visit 1 (and Visit 1S if applicable) with a seated blood pressure of ≤ 150/90 mmHg;
  11. Patients not taking any blood pressure medications, including diuretics, other than an ACE-I or ARB must have a seated blood pressure ≤ 150/90 mmHg at Visit 1 (and Visit 1S if applicable) and a seated blood pressure considered appropriate for the patient and one that can be sustained throughout the study.

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

Patients are excluded from participation in the study if any of the following criteria apply

  1. Patients with type 1 diabetes or MODY (a monogenic form of diabetes);
  2. Patients with a diagnosis of chronic kidney disease other than diabetic renal disease with or without hypertensive renal disease
  3. Patients receiving a renin inhibitor or an aldosterone antagonist or a combination of an ACE-I and an ARB within 26 weeks of Visit 1
  4. Patients with a history of solid organ transplantation
  5. Patients with a history of myocardial infarction, coronary re-vascularization procedures (including percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty), stroke, or within 30 days prior to Visit 1
  6. Patients with a diagnosis of Class III or IV congestive heart failure at any time
  7. Patients with a history of being treated for neoplastic disease (except basal or squamous cell carcinoma of the skin) within 5 years prior to Visit 1
  8. Patients with any history of dialysis within 2 years prior to Visit 1
  9. Patients in whom dialysis or renal transplantation is anticipated by their physician within 1 year after Visit 1
  10. Patients who used SCr-altering drugs within 30 days prior to Visit 1
  11. Patients who require systemic therapy for >2 weeks (except for inhalant )
  12. Patients with liver disease or transaminase ( and aspartate aminotransferase) levels >2.5 × the (ULN) measured at Visit 1.1 or Visit 1.1S
  13. Patients with levels >1.5 × ULN measured at Visit 1.1 or Visit 1.1S
  14. Patients with a history of allergic or other adverse response to vitamin B preparations
  15. Patients who require >50 mg of vitamin B6 daily
  16. Patients who have an active history of dysphagia or swallowing disorders
  17. Patients with a history of to Pyridorin or any of the (non-active ingredients) in the Pyridorin formulation
  18. Patients who have taken pyridoxamine or any other drug within 30 days prior to Visit 1, or have participated in a previous Pyridorin study or another interventional clinical study within 30 days prior to Visit 1
  19. Patients with an active history of drug or alcohol abuse
  20. Patients unlikely to comply with the study protocol (eg, an inability and unwillingness to participate in adequate training, an uncooperative attitude, inability to return for follow-up visits, or unlikelihood of completing the study)
  21. Women who are lactating, pregnant, or intend to become pregnant during the course of the study
  22. Persons employed with the sponsor, CRO, or one of the study investigative sites must be excluded from participation, even if they are not involved directly in the conduct of the study.
Terms in these criteria, in plain language(15)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

Informed consent

Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.

You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.

Childbearing potential

Able to become pregnant: from the first period until menopause, unless permanently unable to through surgery (removal of the womb, or of both ovaries or both fallopian tubes).

Criteria for people of childbearing potential usually ask for a negative pregnancy test and for contraception during the study and for a time after it.

Contraception

Ways of preventing pregnancy. “Highly effective” methods fail less than 1% of the time a year when used correctly — for example an IUD or an implant.

Criteria usually say which methods count and how long to keep using them after the last dose, sometimes for male participants too. Some studies accept a partner’s vasectomy if it was confirmed successful and that person is the participant’s only sexual partner.

GFR and eGFR (kidney filtering)

GFR (glomerular filtration rate) is how much blood the kidneys filter each minute. It is usually estimated from a blood test — eGFR, by formulas such as CKD-EPI or MDRD — and some studies ask for it to be measured directly instead. Usually given in mL/min/1.73 m².

Check the method, the units and the minimum the study states. A value of 90 or above is in the normal-or-high range, but kidney damage can show in other tests too.

TIA (transient ischaemic attack)

A “mini-stroke”: temporary stroke-like symptoms caused by reduced blood flow to part of the brain, spinal cord or eye, without signs of a new stroke on a scan.

Stroke symptoms need emergency care at once, even if they go away.

NYHA class (heart failure)

The New York Heart Association’s four classes of how much heart failure limits physical activity.

I
No limits: ordinary activity causes no undue tiredness or breathlessness.
II
Slight limits: comfortable at rest, ordinary activity causes symptoms.
III
Marked limits: comfortable at rest, less than ordinary activity causes symptoms.
IV
Symptoms even at rest; any activity makes them worse.

Studies set their own limit — many outside heart failure leave out class III–IV, while heart failure studies may ask for a particular class. Check the class this study names.

Immunosuppression

A weakened immune system. It can come from an illness, such as HIV or some blood cancers, or from medicines that turn the immune system down, for example after an organ transplant or for an autoimmune disease; steroids at higher doses count.

Read whether the line is about a condition or about medicines, and which medicines and doses it means.

Corticosteroids (steroids)

Anti-inflammatory medicines such as prednisone, prednisolone and dexamethasone — not the anabolic steroids used for muscle.

Studies differ in what they allow: check which steroid medicines, routes (tablets, injections, creams, inhalers, eye drops) and doses this study accepts.

Clinically significant

Judged by the study doctor to matter for your health or for the study. It is a doctor’s decision, so ask the study team if you are unsure whether something counts.

ALT and AST (liver enzymes)

Two enzymes measured in a routine blood test of the liver. Higher levels can mean the liver is under strain or damaged. SGPT and SGOT are older names for ALT and AST.

Criteria usually give a limit as a multiple of the upper limit of normal (ULN), often higher when cancer has spread to the liver.

ULN (upper limit of normal)

The top of the normal range for a blood test, as set by the laboratory that runs it. Each lab prints its own range next to your result.

“≤ 2.5 × ULN” means the result can be up to two and a half times that top value.

Bilirubin

A yellow substance made when red blood cells are broken down, which the liver clears. A high level can mean a problem with the liver or the bile ducts.

Criteria often allow more for people with Gilbert’s syndrome, a harmless inherited condition that raises bilirubin.

Hypersensitivity

An allergy, or another reaction of the immune system, to a substance. “Hypersensitivity to the study drug” means a known allergic reaction to it — not every side effect a medicine can have.

Excipients

The other ingredients in a medicine besides the active drug, such as fillers, colours or preservatives.

Investigational drug or device

A drug or device being studied in a clinical trial.

It may be new, or already approved and being studied for another use, dose or form. Criteria often leave out people who took part in another study of one within a recent period, commonly 30 days or five half-lives.

05

Study design

Phase
Phase 3
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
Quadruple (Participant, Care provider, Investigator, Outcomes assessor)
Enrollment
328 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Pyridorin

    Pyridorin (pyridoxamine dihydrochloride) 300 mg oral BID (twice daily, every 12 hours) Capsule

    Drug: Pyridorin

  • Placebo comparator
    Placebo

    Placebo Oral Capsule taken BID (twice daily, every 12 hours)

    Drug: Placebo

Interventions

  • 300 mg BID (twice daily, every 12 hours), oral capsule taken until end stage renal disease or death occurs, or the study is terminated by the sponsor.

    Also known as: pyridoxamine dihydrochloride

  • DrugPlacebo

    Placebo excipients without the active drug, oral capsule taken BID (twice daily, every 12 hours), until end stage renal disease or death occurs, or the study is terminated by the sponsor.

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Time to composite endpoint of >=50% SCr increase from baseline or ESRD

    Time to the composite endpoint consisting of the earliest event amongst a SCr increase of 50% from baseline that occurs during follow-up; or End Stage Renal Disease. ESRD is defined as the initiation of permanent dialysis, receiving a kidney transplant, or a SCr value \>= 6.0 mg/dL (530 umol/L) with a second SCr confirmation value \>=6.0 mg/dL (530 umol/L) obtained 4-6 weeks later. A confirmation of SCr value for subjects with ESRD and initiation of permanent dialysis or kidney transplant will not be collected.

    Time frame: Approximately 45 Months

Secondary outcomes

  1. Time to the composite endpoint >=100% SCr increase or ESRD

    A SCr increase of \>=100% that occurs during follow-up; or ESRD

    Time frame: Approximately 45 Months

Other outcomes

  1. Change in serum cystatin-C

    Time frame: Change from baseline to Week 52 and from baseline to Week 104

  2. Change in urine protein/creatinine ratio (PCR)

    Time frame: From baseline to Week 52 and from baseline to Week 104

  3. Change in urinary transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-Beta) excretion

    Time frame: From baseline to Week 52 and from baseline to Week 104

  4. Change in SCr

    Time frame: From baseline to Week 52 and from baseline to Week 104

07

Study locations

137 sites
  • CSG Investigational Site (#157)
    Birmingham, Alabama 35294, United States
  • CSG Investigational Site (#130)
    Phoenix, Arizona 85012, United States
  • CSG Investigational Site (#150)
    Phoenix, Arizona 85054, United States
  • CSG Investigational Site (#145)
    Prescott, Arizona 86301, United States
  • CSG Investigational Site (#142)
    Tucson, Arizona 85745, United States
  • CSG Investigational Site (#160)
    Los Angeles, California 90048, United States
  • CSG Investigational Site (#143)
    Riverside, California 92505, United States
  • CSG Investigational Site (#159)
    Roseville, California 95661, United States
  • CSG Investigational Site (#153)
    Arvada, Colorado 80002, United States
  • CSG Investigational Site (#118)
    Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
  • CSG Investigational Site (#120)
    Westminster, Colorado 80031, United States
  • CSG Investigational Site (#158)
    Waterbury, Connecticut 06708, United States
  • CSG Investigational Site (#156)
    Columbus, Georgia 31901, United States
  • CSG Investigational Site (#113)
    Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
  • CSG Investigational Site (#102)
    Michigan City, Indiana 46360, United States
  • CSG Investigational Site (#115)
    New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, United States
  • CSG Investigational Site (#147)
    Greenbelt, Maryland 20770, United States
  • CSG Investigational Site (#117)
    Boston, Massachusetts 02111, United States
  • CSG Investigational Site (#114)
    Springfield, Massachusetts 01107, United States
  • CSG Investigational Site (#111)
    Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
  • CSG Investigational Site (#134)
    Pontiac, Michigan 48341, United States
  • CSG Investigational Site (#162)
    Kansas City, Missouri 64111, United States
  • CSG Investigational Site (#152)
    Kansas City, Missouri 64128, United States
  • CSG Investigational Site (#141)
    Las Vegas, Nevada 89115, United States
  • CSG Investigational Site (#128)
    Buffalo, New York 14215, United States
  • CSG Investigational Site (#136)
    Northport, New York 11768, United States
  • CSG Investigational Site (#154)
    West Nyack, New York 10994, United States
  • CSG Investigational Site (#108)
    Asheville, North Carolina 28801, United States
  • CSG Investigational Site (#116)
    Charlotte, North Carolina 28207, United States
  • CSG Investigational Site (#125)
    Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States
  • CSG Investigational Site (#155)
    New Bern, North Carolina 28562, United States
  • CSG Investigational Site (#127)
    Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, United States
  • CSG Investigational Site (#124)
    Cincinnati, Ohio 45267, United States
  • CSG Investigational Site (#151)
    Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
  • CSG Investigational Site (#123)
    Cleveland, Ohio 44195, United States
  • CSG Investigational Site (#106)
    Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
  • CSG Investigational Site (#148)
    Parma Heights, Ohio 44130, United States
  • CSG Investigational Site (#101)
    Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
  • CSG Investigational Site (#149)
    Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15240, United States
  • CSG Investigational Site (#146)
    Providence, Rhode Island 02903, United States
  • CSG Investigational Site (#131)
    Chattanooga, Tennessee 37408, United States
  • CSG Investigational Site (#105)
    Nashville, Tennessee 37205, United States
  • CSG Investigational Site (#119)
    Dallas, Texas 75390, United States
  • CSG Investigational Site (#139)
    Houston, Texas 77004, United States
  • CSG Investigational Site (#133)
    Houston, Texas 77076, United States
  • CSG Investigational Site (#109)
    Midland, Texas 79707, United States
  • CSG Investigational Site (#132)
    Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
  • CSG Investigational Site (#107)
    Burlington, Vermont 05401, United States
  • CSG Investigational Site (#129)
    Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, United States
  • CSG Investigational Site (#137)
    Fairfax, Virginia 22030, United States
  • CSG Investigational Site (#103)
    Fairfax, Virginia 22033, United States
  • CSG Investigational Site (#104)
    Hampton, Virginia 23666, United States
  • CSG Investigational Site (#144)
    Richmond, Virginia 23249, United States
  • CSG Investigational Site (#121)
    Spokane, Washington 99204, United States
  • CSG Investigational Site (#122)
    Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53295, United States
  • CSG Investigational Site (#205)
    Camperdown, New South Wales 2050, Australia
  • CSG Investigational Site (#201)
    Gosford, New South Wales 2250, Australia
  • CSG Investigational Site (#206)
    Liverpool, New South Wales 2170, Australia
  • CSG Investigational Site (#208)
    St. Leonards, New South Wales 2065, Australia
  • CSG Investigative Site (#204)
    Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia
  • CSG Investigational Site (#207)
    Footscray, Victoria 2011, Australia
  • CSG Investigational Site (#200)
    Reservoir, Victoria 3073, Australia
  • CSG Investigational Site (#202)
    Richmond, Victoria 3121, Australia
  • CSG Investigational Site (#209)
    Parkville, 3050, Australia
  • CSG Investigational Site (#757)
    Plovdiv, Bulgaria
  • CSG Investigational Site (# 750)
    Sofia, Bulgaria
  • CSG Investigational Site (# 755)
    Sofia, Bulgaria
  • CSG Investigational Site (# 756)
    Sofia, Bulgaria
  • CSG Investigational Site (#751)
    Sofia, Bulgaria
  • CSG Investigational Site (#752)
    Sofia, Bulgaria
  • CSG Investigational Site (#753)
    Sofia, Bulgaria
  • CSG Investigational Site (#754)
    Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
  • CSG Investigational Site (#801)
    Grenoble, Cedex 38043, France
  • CSG Investigational Site (#802)
    Paris, Cedex 75877, France
  • CSG Investigational Site (#800)
    Boulogne Sur Mer, 62321, France
  • CSG Investigational Site (#803)
    Colmar, 68024, France
  • CSG Investigational Site (#806)
    Montpellier, 34295, France
  • CSG Investigational Site (#804)
    Rhone, 69310, France
  • CSG Investigational Site (#805)
    Valenciennes, 59322, France
  • CSG Investigational Site (#709)
    Aschaffenburg, 63739, Germany
  • CSG Investigative Site (#702)
    Berlin, 10249, Germany
  • CSG Investigational Site (#706)
    Elsterwerda, 04910, Germany
  • CSG Investigational Site (#703)
    Heidelberg, 69115, Germany
  • CSG Investigational Site (#707)
    Herzberg, 04916, Germany
  • CSG Investigational Site (#701)
    Hoyerswerda, 02977, Germany
  • CSG Investigational Site (#708)
    Mainz, 55116, Germany
  • CSG Investigational Site (#700)
    Munchen, 81675, Germany
  • CSG Investigational Site (#400)
    Hong Kong, Hong Kong
  • CSG Investigational Site (#402)
    Kwai Chung, Hong Kong
  • CSG Investigational Site (#401)
    Sha Tin, Hong Kong
  • CSG Investigational Site (#501)
    Balatonfuered, 8230, Hungary
  • CSG Investigational Site (#509)
    Budapest, 1032, Hungary
  • CSG Investigational Site (#513)
    Budapest, 1036, Hungary
  • CSG Investigational Site (#505)
    Budapest, 1096, Hungary
  • CSG Investigational Site (#507)
    Debrecen, 4032, Hungary
  • CSG Investigational Site (#508)
    Gyula, 5701, Hungary
  • CSG Investigational Site (#502)
    Hatvan, 3000, Hungary
  • CSG Investigational Site (#504)
    Kaposvar, 7400, Hungary
  • CSG Investigational Site (#510)
    Kisvarda, 4600, Hungary
  • CSG Investigational Site (#506)
    Pecs, 7623, Hungary

Showing the first 100 of 137 sites across 12 countries. Choose a country and city above to see the rest.

08

Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Mar 9, 2016, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
09

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT02156843
Lead sponsor
NephroGenex, Inc.
Collaborators
Collaborative Study Group (CSG), Medpace, Inc.
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Jun 5, 2014
Start date
Jun 2014
Primary completion
Dec 2017 (estimated)
Completion
Mar 2018 (estimated)
Last update
Mar 9, 2016

Study contacts

Jamie Dwyer, MD
study chair · The Collaborative Study Group (CSG) [Co-Chair]
Julia B. Lewis, MD
study chair · The Collaborative Study Group (CSG)

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
Yes
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is terminated, as verified in Mar 2016. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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Discussion

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Studies of the drug tested here: Pyridoxamine dihydrochloride

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