ClinicalTrials.gg
CompletedNCT01904487Updated Aug 29, 2017

Characterization of [11C]Flumazenil to Image GABA Transmission in Healthy Adult Subjects and Subjects With Alcohol Dependence

A Phase 1 interventional study of [11C]flumazenil and Tiagabine in Alcoholism, sponsored by Rajesh Narendran. Completed at 1 site in United States. Open to participants aged 18 Years to 45 Years, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2017-08-29.

Sponsored by Rajesh Narendran · Phase 1, Interventional, and Basic science

From the registry’s dates

  • Primary completion was Oct 2013, 13 years 1 month ago, and no results have been posted to the registry.
Phase
Phase 1
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
11
Allocation
Not applicable
Ages
18 Years to 45 Years
Sex
All
01

Study summary

Background:

  • This study is being done to examine the role of a chemical GABA in the brain of alcohol dependent patients. GABA is the chief inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. It helps induce relaxation and sleep and balances the brain by inhibiting over-excitation. Several studies have reported that anxiety disorders such as panic attacks, seizure disorders, and numerous other conditions including addiction, are all related to low GABA activity. Therefore, we will examine differences in GABA levels between healthy controls and subjects with alcohol addiction. Studies such as this are important to the understanding of the role of GABA in alcohol addiction.
Read the detailed description

Objectives:

  • By comparing the two PET scans (before and after tiagabine) done in the same day, we can understand more about how much GABA your brain makes and about the activity of your GABA receptors in the brain.

Eligibility:

  • Individuals 18-45 years of age who are heavy drinkers or healthy controls.

Design:

  • Procedures to determine if you are eligible to take part in a research study are called "screening procedures". This will require you to come to the investigators office for approximately ½ day. For this research study, the screening procedures include comprehensive psychiatric and medical evaluations. Participants be asked to abstain from drugs and alcohol for the duration of the study and will be required to make trips several times a week for two weeks to provide clean urine samples.
  • During one of the visits prior to the PET scans, participants will have a magnetic resonance image (MRI) taken of their brain.
  • We will be using a technology called Positron Emission Tomography (PET), which is a method used to take pictures of the body, in this case, the brain. We will be injecting you with a radiotracer called [11C]flumazenil. A radiotracer is a small amount of a drug with radioactivity attached. Because the radiotracer temporarily sticks to the GABA receptors in the brain, the PET scan can then measure the activity at GABA receptors by measuring the amount of the radiotracer. You will undergo two PET scans with [11C]flumazenil on one day for this study. After the first PET scan, you will be given an oral dose of tiagabine (Gabitril®), which is a medication approved for the treatment of seizure disorder. Tiagabine raises levels of GABA in the brain. It is used in this study so that we can measure the changes in GABA levels. Blood samples will be drawn during the PET scans.
02

Conditions studied

  • Alcoholism

Browse trials for

03

In context

Alcoholism

1,674 studies on the registry are indexed under Alcoholism; 331 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 11 is below the median of 88 across 1,428 interventional studies indexed under Alcoholism.

Browse Alcoholism studies →

Lead sponsor

Rajesh Narendran is the lead sponsor of 7 studies on the registry; 5 are open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years to 45 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
Yes

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

Healthy Control Subjects:

  1. Males or Females 18-45
  2. Absence of present or past psychiatric conditions (including alcohol or drug dependence)
  3. A negative urine drug screen
  4. Medically Healthy

Subjects with alcohol dependence:

  1. Males or Females 18-45
  2. Fulfill Diagnosis for Alcohol Dependence
  3. Negative Urine Drug Screen
  4. Negative Urine ETG/ETS
  5. Medically Healthy
  6. Abstinent from alcohol for a minimum of 1 month prior to scanning procedures

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

Healthy Control Subjects:

  1. Pregnancy or lactation, lack of effective during 15 days before the scans
  2. Presence or positive history of serious medical or neurological illness, including low .
  3. Any use (within recent past 6 weeks) of amphetamines, opiates, cocaine, ecstasy PCP.
  4. Metal implants or paramagnetic objects contained within the body which may interfere with the MRI scan (but not limited to, those with a pacemaker, presence of metallic fragments near the eyes or spinal cord, or cochlear implant. Dental fillings do not present a risk for MRI), as determined in consultation with a neuroradiologist and according to the guidelines set forth in the following reference book commonly used by neuroradiologists.
  5. Currently employed as radiation worker; or participation in radioactive drug research protocols within the previous year such that the total cumulative annual radiation dose (i.e., from participation in the previous research studies and this study) would exceed the radiation dose limits specified in the FDA regulations at 21 CFR 361.1, Radioactive Drugs Considered Generally Safe and Effective (i.e. annual cumulative radiation dose limit = 5 rems to gonads, blood-forming organs, lens of eye, whole body; 15 rems to other organs).
  6. Subjects with known to flumazenil or benzodiazepines; subjects who have been given a benzodiazepine for control of a potentially life-threatening condition (e.g., control of intracranial pressure or status epilepticus or in patient who are showing signs of serious cyclic antidepressant overdose)

Subjects with alcohol dependence:

  1. Pregnancy or lactation, lack of effective birth control during 15 days before the scans
  2. Presence or positive history of serious medical or neurological illness or any cardiovascular disease, low hemoglobin
  3. Any other current major axis I psychiatric diagnosis except alcohol dependence (subjects with nicotine dependence will not be excluded)
  4. Metal implants or paramagnetic objects contained within the body which may interfere with the MRI scan (but not limited to, those with a pacemaker, presence of metallic fragments near the eyes or spinal cord, or cochlear implant. Dental fillings do not present a risk for MRI), as determined in consultation with a neuroradiologist and according to the guidelines set forth in the following reference book commonly used by neuroradiologists.
  5. Currently employed as radiation worker; or participation in radioactive drug research protocols within the previous year such that the total cumulative annual radiation dose (i.e., from participation in the previous research studies and this study) would exceed the radiation dose limits specified in the FDA regulations at 21 CFR 361.1, Radioactive Drugs Considered Generally Safe and Effective (i.e. annual cumulative radiation dose limit = 5 rems to gonads, blood-forming organs, lens of eye, whole body; 15 rems to other organs).
  6. Subjects with known hypersensitivity to flumazenil or benzodiazepines; subjects who have been given a benzodiazepine for control of a potentially life-threatening condition (e.g., control of intracranial pressure or status epilepticus or in patient who are showing signs of serious cyclic antidepressant overdose)
Terms in these criteria, in plain language(4)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

DSM diagnostic criteria

The American Psychiatric Association’s manual of mental health diagnoses. DSM-5 (2013, revised as DSM-5-TR in 2022) replaced DSM-IV, and some studies still name the older edition. “Meets DSM criteria for …” means diagnosed by that edition’s diagnostic criteria, usually by a clinician in an interview.

Contraception

Ways of preventing pregnancy. “Highly effective” methods fail less than 1% of the time a year when used correctly — for example an IUD or an implant.

Criteria usually say which methods count and how long to keep using them after the last dose, sometimes for male participants too. Some studies accept a partner’s vasectomy if it was confirmed successful and that person is the participant’s only sexual partner.

Hemoglobin (Hb)

The protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen. A low level is anaemia, which can cause tiredness and breathlessness. Measured in g/dL or g/L (9 g/dL is 90 g/L).

Hypersensitivity

An allergy, or another reaction of the immune system, to a substance. “Hypersensitivity to the study drug” means a known allergic reaction to it — not every side effect a medicine can have.

05

Study design

Phase
Phase 1
Primary purpose
Basic science
Allocation
Not applicable
Intervention model
Single group
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
11 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    PET scans

    Both alcoholics and healthy controls will undergo two \[11C\]flumazenil PET scans: one at baseline and one post administration of 0.2 mg/kg Tiagabine.

    Radiation: [11C]flumazenil · Drug: Tiagabine

Interventions

  • Radiation[11C]flumazenil

    \[11C\]flumazenil is a radiotracer used to measure levels of the neurotransmitter GABA in the human brain.

  • Tiagabine raises levels of GABA in the brain. It is used in this study so that we can measure the changes in GABA levels.

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. To measure changes in [11C]flumazenil binding in the brain using PET scans

    Time frame: Day 1: baseline PET scan and a follow-up PET scan 0.5 hours post administration of Tiagabine

  2. Tiagabine induced change in [C-11]flumazenil distribution volume (VT)

    Refer to for consensus nomenclature J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2007 Sep;27(9):1533-9. Epub 2007 May 9.

    Time frame: 1 hour

07

Study locations

1 site
  • University of Pittsburgh
    Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
08

References and documents

Publications

  • Lingford-Hughes AR, Wilson SJ, Cunningham VJ, Feeney A, Stevenson B, Brooks DJ, Nutt DJ. GABA-benzodiazepine receptor function in alcohol dependence: a combined 11C-flumazenil PET and pharmacodynamic study. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2005 Aug;180(4):595-606. doi: 10.1007/s00213-005-2271-x. Epub 2005 Apr 28. PubMed 15864554 ↗
  • Gilman S, Adams KM, Johnson-Greene D, Koeppe RA, Junck L, Kluin KJ, Martorello S, Heumann M, Hill E. Effects of disulfiram on positron emission tomography and neuropsychological studies in severe chronic alcoholism. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1996 Nov;20(8):1456-61. doi: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.1996.tb01149.x. PubMed 8947325 ↗
  • Farde L, Pauli S, Litton JE, Halldin C, Neiman J, Sedvall G. PET-determination of benzodiazepine receptor binding in studies on alcoholism. EXS. 1994;71:143-53. doi: 10.1007/978-3-0348-7330-7_15. PubMed 8032146 ↗
  • Litton JE, Neiman J, Pauli S, Farde L, Hindmarsh T, Halldin C, Sedvall G. PET analysis of [11C]flumazenil binding to benzodiazepine receptors in chronic alcohol-dependent men and healthy controls. Psychiatry Res. 1993 Apr;50(1):1-13. doi: 10.1016/0925-4927(93)90019-e. PubMed 8390063 ↗
09

Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Aug 29, 2017, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT01904487
Lead sponsor
Rajesh Narendran
Responsible party
Rajesh Narendran (MD, University of Pittsburgh) — Sponsor-investigator
First posted
Jul 22, 2013
Start date
Apr 19, 2011
Primary completion
Oct 1, 2013
Completion
Oct 1, 2013
Last update
Aug 29, 2017

Study contacts

Rajesh Narendran, MD
principal investigator · University of Pittsburgh

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
Yes
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is completed, as verified in Aug 2017. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

Follow this study

Get an email when the registry record changes — status, dates, results — or when someone posts here.

Sign in to follow

Discussion

Questions and observations about this study, from anyone following it. Not medical advice, and not a channel to the study team — their contact details are on the registry record.

Sign in to join the discussion. Reading takes no account; posting does. You choose a display name, and a pseudonym is the default.

Nothing here yet. If you are running this trial, taking part in it, or weighing whether to, this is the place to say so.

Studies of the drug tested here: Tiagabine

Start the discussion