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CompletedNCT01866982PREMODUpdated May 24, 2018

The PREMOD Trial: A Randomized Controlled Trial of Umbilical Cord Milking vs. Delayed Cord Clamping in Premature Infants

An interventional study of Umbilical Cord Milking and Delayed Cord Clamping in Intraventricular Hemorrhage, sponsored by Sharp HealthCare. Completed at 3 sites in United States. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2018-05-24.

Sponsored by Sharp HealthCare · Not applicable, Interventional, and Prevention

Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
197
Allocation
Randomized
Sex
All
01

Study summary

Premature babies can be very sick and have bleeding in the brain. Giving babies more blood before cutting the umbilical cord by delayed cord clamping or umbilical cord milking has been shown to reduce the risk of bleeding in the brain. This may be related to improving perfusion to the brain. However, some studies suggest that delayed cord clamping may not increase hemoglobin or blood volume in babies delivered by cesarean section. Milking the umbilical cord may give more blood in babies delivered by Cesarean Section may improve perfusion and reduce bleeding in the brain.

02

Conditions studied

  • Intraventricular Hemorrhage

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Keywords

  • umbilical cord milking
  • delayed cord clamping
03

In context

Hemorrhage

3,000 studies on the registry are indexed under Hemorrhage; 474 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 197 is above the median of 100 across 1,985 interventional studies indexed under Hemorrhage.

Browse Hemorrhage studies →

Lead sponsor

Sharp HealthCare is the lead sponsor of 40 studies on the registry; 4 are open to participants now.

Of its 5 completed or terminated interventional studies of FDA-regulated products, 3 (60%) have results posted.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
Child (0–17), Adult (18–64), Older adult (65+)
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Inclusion criteria

  • Singleton or multiples pregnancies in patients admitted for medically indicated delivery or in advanced spontaneous preterm labor with imminent delivery at 23 0/7 - 31 6/7 weeks gestation

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Planned vaginal breech delivery
  • Major fetal abnormalities (defined as those that are lethal or require prenatal or postnatal surgery)
  • Fetal death in utero
  • Red cell isoimmunization
  • Patients who are incapable of informed consent (unconscious, severely ill, mentally handicapped), or are unwilling to undergo randomization
  • Placenta accreta or abruption
05

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Prevention
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
Single (Investigator)
Enrollment
197 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Active comparator
    Umbilical Cord Milking

    Milking the umbilical cord 4 times towards the infants at a speed of 20cm/2 seconds

    Procedure: Umbilical Cord Milking

  • Active comparator
    Delayed Cord Clamping

    Delayed clamping of the umbilical cord for 45-60 seconds

    Procedure: Delayed Cord Clamping

Interventions

  • ProcedureUmbilical Cord Milking

    Umbilical cord milked toward the neonate four times at a speed of 20cm/2seconds, prior to clamping and cutting umbilical cord. Procedure takes about 10-20 seconds.

  • ProcedureDelayed Cord Clamping

    Performed by positioning the baby 20 cm below the placenta for 45-60 seconds prior to umbilical cord clamping and cutting.

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Superior Vena Cava Flow

    Time frame: <12 hours of life

Secondary outcomes

  1. Delivery Room Interventions

    Time frame: 10 minutes of life

  2. Hemoglobin

    Time frame: <1 hour

  3. Hemoglobin

    Time frame: 12 hours

  4. Hemoglobin

    Time frame: 4 weeks of life

  5. Neurodevelopmental impairment 18-36 months

    Time frame: 18-36 months

  6. Severe intraventricular hemorrhage (grade 3 or 4)

    Time frame: up to 24 weeks after birth

  7. Phototherapy

    Requirement and length of phototherapy

    Time frame: up to 24 weeks after birth

  8. Ionotropic support

    Requirement and length of ionotropic support

    Time frame: up to 24 weeks after birth

  9. Neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) length of stay

    Time frame: up to 24 weeks after birth

  10. Necrotizing enterocolitis

    Time frame: up to 24 weeks after birth

  11. Number of blood transfusions while in the neonatal intensive care unit

    Time frame: up to 24 weeks after birth

  12. Ventilator time

    Time frame: up to 24 weeks after birth

  13. Apgar score <7 at 5 minutes

    Time frame: at 5 minutes after birth

  14. Umbilical cord pH < 7.0

    Time frame: up to 30 minutes after birth

  15. Blood pressure in first 2 hours of admission to neonatal intensive care unit

    Time frame: 2 hours after birth

  16. Polycythemia

    Time frame: up to 24 hours of life

  17. Neonatal death

    Time frame: up to 24 weeks of life

  18. Use of uterotonic agents

    Time frame: up to 1 hour after birth

  19. Peak transcutaneous and/or serum bilirubin concentrations

    Time frame: up to 24 weeks after birt

  20. Maternal hemoglobin

    Time frame: within 48 hours after delivery

  21. Intraventricular Hemorrhage detected on Head Ultrasound

    Time frame: up to 24 weeks after birth

Other outcomes

  1. Days on Oxygen

    Time frame: during hospitalization

  2. Vaginal Delivered infants (no difference in interventions)

    Time frame: up to 24 weeks after birth

  3. Cerebral Tissue Oxygenation

    Time frame: Up to 24 hours of life

  4. Cardiac output by electric cardiometry

    Time frame: up to 24 hours of life

  5. Stroke volume by electric cardiometry

    Time frame: Up to 24 hours of life

07

Study locations

3 sites
  • Loma Linda Medical Center
    Loma Linda, California 92350, United States
  • Sharp Mary Birch
    San Diego, California 92123, United States
  • University of California, San Diego
    San Diego, California 92130, United States
08

References and documents

Publications

  • Katheria AC, Truong G, Cousins L, Oshiro B, Finer NN. Umbilical Cord Milking Versus Delayed Cord Clamping in Preterm Infants. Pediatrics. 2015 Jul;136(1):61-9. doi: 10.1542/peds.2015-0368. PubMed 26122803 ↗
  • Katheria A, Garey D, Truong G, Akshoomoff N, Steen J, Maldonado M, Poeltler D, Harbert MJ, Vaucher YE, Finer N. A Randomized Clinical Trial of Umbilical Cord Milking vs Delayed Cord Clamping in Preterm Infants: Neurodevelopmental Outcomes at 22-26 Months of Corrected Age. J Pediatr. 2018 Mar;194:76-80. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2017.10.037. Epub 2017 Dec 12. PubMed 29246467 ↗
09

Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on May 24, 2018, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT01866982
Lead sponsor
Sharp HealthCare
Collaborators
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)
Responsible party
Anup Katheria, M.D. (Director of Neonatal Research, Sharp HealthCare) — Principal investigator
First posted
Jun 3, 2013
Start date
Jul 2, 2013
Primary completion
Dec 1, 2014
Completion
Jan 10, 2018
Last update
May 24, 2018

Study contacts

Anup C Katheria, MD
principal investigator · Sharp HealthCare

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
Yes
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is completed, as verified in May 2018. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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