A Phase 4 interventional study of Tocilizumab in Rheumatoid Arthritis, sponsored by University of California, Los Angeles. Completed at 1 site in United States. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2019-05-15.
Sponsored by University of California, Los Angeles · Phase 4, Interventional, and Other
The purpose of this research study is to determine if a change in inflammation or baseline inflammation seen on the ultrasound is a good indicator of how rheumatoid arthritis patients respond to TCZ 4mg/kg and whether early prediction of dose escalation is possible by utilizing ultrasound inflammatory measures.
This is a 24-week, double blind open label clinical trial study to evaluate 57 active Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) patients who have moderate to severe disease activity with total Power Doppler Ultrasound (PDUS) >10 of 34 joints evaluated by Ultrasound (US) (at screening to enter into the study). All patients will begin treatment with tocilizumab at a dose of 4mg/kg. Two study sites will recruit patients (UCLA and UF) using the same protocol, after standardizing US acquisition methods, as well as scoring. US synovitis scores will be acquired at screening, baseline, and pre-infusion at 4, 12, 16, and 24 weeks, to be able to determine whether change in pre-infusion synovitis score at 4 weeks can be used to predict change in disease activity at 12 weeks. This will provide evidence to whether such reading is useful in predicting which patients may require escalation of dose from 4 to 8 mg/kg. At 12 weeks, patients not meeting low disease activity within the 4mg/kg (disease activity score DAS28/ Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR)-4item\<3.2) will increase the tocilizumab dose to 8mg/kg (maximum dose 800mg) in a blinded manner to enable evaluation of these US-focused objectives in the context of the current FDA-approved label. The ultrasound scorer will not know information about patient's disease activity (Tender Joint Count (TJC), Swollen Joint Count (SJC), labs etc) or if there was dose escalation at 12 weeks. The clinical assessor of disease activity will be blinded to the ultrasound scores. Additionally, the patient will also be blinded to dose escalation. If patients in the 4mg/kg arm achieve DAS28\<3.2 at 12 weeks, patients will continue with their current dose for the duration of the study. Please see the below Table for details on the blinding plan.
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This study's enrollment of 74 is below the median of 90 across 2,377 interventional studies indexed under Arthritis.
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Inclusion Criteria
Patients must have rheumatoid arthritis. Patients will be included in the trial based on the following criteria:
Stable concomitant DMARDs for more than 1 month (methotrexate, leflunomide, plaquenil, sulfasalazine, or no DMARDs). However, if the patient is not on DMARD, history of DMARD use required.
General Medical Concerns:
Exclusion Criteria
A patient will be excluded if the answer to any of the following statements is "yes".
General:
Major surgery (including joint surgery) within 8 weeks prior to baseline or planned major surgery within 6 months after baseline.
Excluded Previous or Concomitant Therapy:
Use of prednisone > 10mg at baseline.
Exclusions for General Safety:
Body weight of > 150 kg.
Laboratory Exclusion criteria (at screening):
All subjects will receive tocilizumab.
Drug: Tocilizumab
All subjects will start at 4mg/kg. After 3 months, if DAS28 \> 3.2, dosage will be escalated to 8 mg/kg.
Also known as: Actemra
Baseline to Month 3 Change in Total Power Doppler Synovitis Score of 34 Joints (Range 0 - 102)
34 joints will be evaluated using a 0 to 3 point scale for each joint. Power Doppler synovitis score is the sum of all the joint scores. Change scores are calculated by subtracting Baseline minus 3 Month Power Doppler scores. This scale is called the Power Doppler Synovitis Score (PDUS). It ranges from 0 to 102. Scores of 0 indicate the least amount of inflammation of the joint while scores of 3 indicate the most amount of inflammation. Therefore, a higher value of the total score for PDUS represents more severe disease level.
Time frame: Baseline, 3 Month
Baseline to Month 6 Change in Total Power Doppler Synovitis Score of 34 Joints (Range 0 - 102)
34 joints will be evaluated using a 0 to 3 point scale for each joint. Power Doppler synovitis score is the sum of all the joint scores. Change scores are calculated by subtracting Baseline minus 6 Month Power Doppler scores. This scale is called the Power Doppler Synovitis Score (PDUS). It ranges from 0 to 102. Scores of 0 indicate the least amount of inflammation of the joint while scores of 3 indicate the most amount of inflammation. Therefore, a higher value of the total score for PDUS represents more severe disease level.
Time frame: Baseline, 6 Month
Baseline to Month 3 Change in Total B-mode Synovial Hypertrophy Score of 34 Joints
34 joints will be evaluated using a 0 to 3 point scale for each joint. Synovial hypertrophy score is the sum of all the joint scores. Change scores are calculated by subtracting Baseline minus 3 Month Synovial Hypertrophy Scores. This scale is called the Grey Scale Synovial Hypertrophy Score (GSUS). Please note that B-mode is the same as GSUS. It ranges from 0 to 102. Scores of 0 indicate the least amount of inflammation of the joint while scores of 3 indicate the most amount of inflammation. Therefore, a higher value of the total score for GSUS represents more severe disease level.
Time frame: Baseline, 3 Month
Baseline to Month 6 Change in Total B-mode Synovial Hypertrophy Score of 34 Joints
34 joints will be evaluated using a 0 to 3 point scale for each joint. Synovial hypertrophy score is the sum of all the joint scores. Change scores are calculated by subtracting Baseline minus 6 Month Synovial Hypertrophy Scores. This scale is called the Grey Scale Synovial Hypertrophy Score (GSUS). Please note that B-mode is the same as GSUS. It ranges from 0 to 102. Scores of 0 indicate the least amount of inflammation of the joint while scores of 3 indicate the most amount of inflammation. Therefore, a higher value of the total score for GSUS represents more severe disease level.
Time frame: Baseline, 6 Month
Baseline to Month 3 Change in DAS28/ESR
28 joints will be evaluated for Tender Joint Count (TJC) and Swollen Joint Count (SJC) as well as patient and physician global values assessed at the time of each visit, finally the ESR lab value will be included in the total calculation. Change scores are calculated by subtracting Baseline minus 3 Month Disease Activity Score (DAS) scores. The scale being used is called the Disease Activity Score for 28 Joints (DAS28) using the Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) in the calculation rather than the C Reactive Protein (CRP). The scale ranges from 0 to 9.4. Values of DAS28 below 2.6 imply remission, below 3.2 imply low disease activity and greater than 5.1 implies active disease.
Time frame: Baseline, 3 month
Baseline to Month 6 Change in DAS28/ESR
28 joints will be evaluated for TJC and SJC as well as patient and physician global values assessed at the time of each visit, finally the ESR lab value will be included in the total calculation. Change scores are calculated by subtracting Baseline minus 6 Month DAS scores. The scale being used is called the Disease Activity Score for 28 Joints (DAS28) using the Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) in the calculation rather than the C Reactive Protein (CRP). The scale ranges from 0 to 9.4. Values of DAS28 below 2.6 imply remission, below 3.2 imply low disease activity and greater than 5.1 implies active disease.
Time frame: Baseline, 6 Month
Baseline to Month 3 Change in CDAI
28 joints will be evaluated for TJC and SJC as well as patient and physician global values assessed at the time of each visit. Change scores are calculated by subtracting Baseline minus 3 Month CDAI scores. The scale being used is called the Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI) and has a range of 0 to 76. Values of CDAI below 2.8 imply remission, below 10 imply low disease activity, below 22 imply moderate disease activity, and above 22 implies high disease activity.
Time frame: Baseline, 3 month
Baseline to Month 6 Change in CDAI
28 joints will be evaluated for TJC and SJC as well as patient and physician global values assessed at the time of each visit. Change scores are calculated by subtracting Baseline minus 6 Month CDAI scores. The scale being used is called the Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI) and has a range of 0 to 76. Values of CDAI below 2.8 imply remission, below 10 imply low disease activity, below 22 imply moderate disease activity, and above 22 implies high disease activity.
Time frame: Baseline, 6 Month
Patients were recruited through printed and internet advertisements, direct recruitment of study participants, referrals, review of medical records to identify potential participants, and through IRB approved screening protocol and IRB approved study. Patients were recruited starting on 9/24/14. The recruitment continued through November of 2016.
| Milestone | Tocilizumab |
|---|---|
| Started | 54 |
| 3 month | 50 |
| Completed | 44 |
| Not completed | 10 |
| Withdrew: Adverse event | 5 |
| Withdrew: Moved out of state | 1 |
| Withdrew: Patient concerned about mental health | 1 |
| Withdrew: Lost to follow-up | 1 |
| Withdrew: Withdrawal by subject | 2 |
34 joints will be evaluated using a 0 to 3 point scale for each joint. Power Doppler synovitis score is the sum of all the joint scores. Change scores are calculated by subtracting Baseline minus 3 Month Power Doppler scores. This scale is called the Power Doppler Synovitis Score (PDUS). It ranges from 0 to 102. Scores of 0 indicate the least amount of inflammation of the joint while scores of 3 indicate the most amount of inflammation. Therefore, a higher value of the total score for PDUS represents more severe disease level.
| units on a scale | Mean Change of Total Power Doppler Synovitis Score 3 Month |
|---|---|
| Baseline to Month 3 Change in Total Power Doppler Synovitis Score of 34 Joints (Range 0 - 102) | 6.84 ± 13.09 |
34 joints will be evaluated using a 0 to 3 point scale for each joint. Power Doppler synovitis score is the sum of all the joint scores. Change scores are calculated by subtracting Baseline minus 6 Month Power Doppler scores. This scale is called the Power Doppler Synovitis Score (PDUS). It ranges from 0 to 102. Scores of 0 indicate the least amount of inflammation of the joint while scores of 3 indicate the most amount of inflammation. Therefore, a higher value of the total score for PDUS represents more severe disease level.
| units on a scale | Mean Change of Total Power Doppler Synovitis Score 6 Month |
|---|---|
| Baseline to Month 6 Change in Total Power Doppler Synovitis Score of 34 Joints (Range 0 - 102) | 13.16 ± 15.68 |
34 joints will be evaluated using a 0 to 3 point scale for each joint. Synovial hypertrophy score is the sum of all the joint scores. Change scores are calculated by subtracting Baseline minus 3 Month Synovial Hypertrophy Scores. This scale is called the Grey Scale Synovial Hypertrophy Score (GSUS). Please note that B-mode is the same as GSUS. It ranges from 0 to 102. Scores of 0 indicate the least amount of inflammation of the joint while scores of 3 indicate the most amount of inflammation. Therefore, a higher value of the total score for GSUS represents more severe disease level.
| units on a scale | Mean Change Total B-mode Synovial Hypertrophy Score 3 Month |
|---|---|
| Baseline to Month 3 Change in Total B-mode Synovial Hypertrophy Score of 34 Joints | 5.26 ± 12.55 |
34 joints will be evaluated using a 0 to 3 point scale for each joint. Synovial hypertrophy score is the sum of all the joint scores. Change scores are calculated by subtracting Baseline minus 6 Month Synovial Hypertrophy Scores. This scale is called the Grey Scale Synovial Hypertrophy Score (GSUS). Please note that B-mode is the same as GSUS. It ranges from 0 to 102. Scores of 0 indicate the least amount of inflammation of the joint while scores of 3 indicate the most amount of inflammation. Therefore, a higher value of the total score for GSUS represents more severe disease level.
| units on a scale | Mean Change Total B-mode Synovial Hypertrophy Score 6 Month |
|---|---|
| Baseline to Month 6 Change in Total B-mode Synovial Hypertrophy Score of 34 Joints | 11.00 ± 15.32 |
28 joints will be evaluated for Tender Joint Count (TJC) and Swollen Joint Count (SJC) as well as patient and physician global values assessed at the time of each visit, finally the ESR lab value will be included in the total calculation. Change scores are calculated by subtracting Baseline minus 3 Month Disease Activity Score (DAS) scores. The scale being used is called the Disease Activity Score for 28 Joints (DAS28) using the Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) in the calculation rather than the C Reactive Protein (CRP). The scale ranges from 0 to 9.4. Values of DAS28 below 2.6 imply remission, below 3.2 imply low disease activity and greater than 5.1 implies active disease.
| units on a scale | Mean Change in DAS28/ESR 3 Month |
|---|---|
| Baseline to Month 3 Change in DAS28/ESR | 1.20 ± 1.08 |
28 joints will be evaluated for TJC and SJC as well as patient and physician global values assessed at the time of each visit, finally the ESR lab value will be included in the total calculation. Change scores are calculated by subtracting Baseline minus 6 Month DAS scores. The scale being used is called the Disease Activity Score for 28 Joints (DAS28) using the Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) in the calculation rather than the C Reactive Protein (CRP). The scale ranges from 0 to 9.4. Values of DAS28 below 2.6 imply remission, below 3.2 imply low disease activity and greater than 5.1 implies active disease.
| units on a scale | Mean Change in DAS28/ESR 6 Month |
|---|---|
| Baseline to Month 6 Change in DAS28/ESR | 2.32 ± 1.22 |
28 joints will be evaluated for TJC and SJC as well as patient and physician global values assessed at the time of each visit. Change scores are calculated by subtracting Baseline minus 3 Month CDAI scores. The scale being used is called the Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI) and has a range of 0 to 76. Values of CDAI below 2.8 imply remission, below 10 imply low disease activity, below 22 imply moderate disease activity, and above 22 implies high disease activity.
| units on a scale | Mean Change in CDAI 3 Month |
|---|---|
| Baseline to Month 3 Change in CDAI | 9.64 ± 10.72 |
28 joints will be evaluated for TJC and SJC as well as patient and physician global values assessed at the time of each visit. Change scores are calculated by subtracting Baseline minus 6 Month CDAI scores. The scale being used is called the Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI) and has a range of 0 to 76. Values of CDAI below 2.8 imply remission, below 10 imply low disease activity, below 22 imply moderate disease activity, and above 22 implies high disease activity.
| units on a scale | Mean Change in CDAI 6 Month |
|---|---|
| Baseline to Month 6 Change in CDAI | 16.70 ± 12.27 |
Collected over 3 years. Non-serious events are listed at a 5% frequency threshold.
| Group | Deaths | Serious | Other |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tocilizumab | 0/54 (0%) | 1/54 (1.9%) | 51/54 (94.4%) |
| Event | Tocilizumab |
|---|---|
| Breast CancerReproductive system and breast disorders | 1/54 |
| Event | Tocilizumab |
|---|---|
| Rheumatoid Arthritis FlareMusculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders | 21/54 |
| Upper Respiratory InfectionRespiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders | 21/54 |
| HypercholesterolemiaCardiac disorders | 17/54 |
| LeukopeniaBlood and lymphatic system disorders | 12/54 |
| HeadachesGeneral disorders | 10/54 |
| HypokalemiaBlood and lymphatic system disorders | 8/54 |
| Bruises on Different Body SitesVascular disorders | 6/54 |
| DiarrheaGastrointestinal disorders | 6/54 |
| AnemiaBlood and lymphatic system disorders | 5/54 |
| Dry CoughRespiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders | 5/54 |
| Age, Continuous(years) | Tocilizumab |
|---|---|
| Mean | 51.87 ± 15.16 |
| Sex: Female, Male(Participants) | Tocilizumab |
|---|---|
| Female | 49 |
| Male | 5 |
| Race (NIH/OMB)(Participants) | Tocilizumab |
|---|---|
| American Indian or Alaska Native | 1 |
| Asian | 4 |
| Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 1 |
| Black or African American | 9 |
| White | 34 |
| More than one race | 0 |
| Unknown or Not Reported | 5 |
| Region of Enrollment(Participants) | Tocilizumab |
|---|---|
| United States | 54 |
| Disease duration(years) | Tocilizumab |
|---|---|
| Mean | 9.94 ± 7.50 |
| Disease Activity Score All Joints (DAS28)/ Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR)(units on a scale) | Tocilizumab |
|---|---|
| Mean | 6.30 ± 1.03 |
| Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI)(units on a scale) | Tocilizumab |
|---|---|
| Mean | 39.04 ± 11.90 |
| Health Assessment Questionnaire- Disability Index (HAQ-DI)(units on a scale) | Tocilizumab |
|---|---|
| Mean | 1.47 ± 0.60 |
2 further baseline measures are reported on the registry.
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University of California, Los Angeles