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CompletedNCT01223716Updated May 17, 2016

An Active Approach to Treat Amblyopia: Video Game Play

An interventional study of Perceptual learning and Video Game in Amblyopia, sponsored by University of California, Berkeley. Completed at 1 site in United States. Open to participants aged 5 Years to 75 Years, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2016-05-17.

Sponsored by University of California, Berkeley · Not applicable, Interventional, and Basic science

Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
20
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
5 Years to 75 Years
Sex
All
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Study summary

Amblyopia, a developmental abnormality that impairs spatial vision, is a major cause of vision loss, resulting in reduced visual acuity and reduced sensitivity to contrast. This study uses psychophysical measures to study neural plasticity in adults with amblyopia.

Read the detailed description

Amblyopia, a developmental abnormality that impairs spatial vision, is a major cause of vision loss, resulting in reduced visual acuity and reduced sensitivity to contrast. Our previous findings (see CITATIONS) show that the adult amblyopic brain is still plastic and malleable, suggesting that active approach is potential useful in treating amblyopia. The goal of this project is to assess the limits and mechanisms of neural plasticity in amblyopic spatial vision. This study uses psychophysical measures to study neural plasticity in adults with amblyopia. Research participants will be asked to play video games with the amblyopic eye for a period of time. A range of visual functions will be monitored during the course of treatment.

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Conditions studied

  • Amblyopia

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Keywords

  • amblyopia treatment
  • neural plasticity
  • perceptual learning
  • vision therapy
  • spatial vision
  • video games
  • occlusion therapy
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In context

Amblyopia

183 studies on the registry are indexed under Amblyopia; 43 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 20 is below the median of 60 across 133 interventional studies indexed under Amblyopia.

Browse Amblyopia studies →

Lead sponsor

University of California, Berkeley is the lead sponsor of 106 studies on the registry; 18 are open to participants now.

Of its 5 completed or terminated interventional studies of FDA-regulated products, 1 (20%) have results posted.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

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Who can participate

Ages eligible
5 Years to 75 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
Yes

Inclusion criteria

  • Adults with amblyopia (Age >15 years)
  • Amblyopia: interocular visual acuity difference of at least 0.1 logMAR
  • All forms of amblyopia: Strabismic, anisometropic, refractive, deprivative, meridional amblyopia

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Any ocular pathological conditions (eg macula abnormalities, glaucoma), nystagmus
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Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Basic science
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Crossover assignment
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
20 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Perceptual learning

    Behavioral: Perceptual learning

  • Experimental
    Video Game

    Behavioral: Video Game

  • Experimental
    Occlusion Therapy

    Behavioral: Crossover (Occlusion therapy + Video Game)

Interventions

  • BehavioralPerceptual learning

    Research participants will be asked to practice a visual discrimination task (e.g. position acuity, contrast sensitivity, stereoacuity etc) in our laboratory for a period of time (2 hrs/day, 5 days/week).

    Also known as: vision therapy, vision training

  • BehavioralVideo Game

    Research participants will be asked to play "off-the-shelf" video games in our laboratory for a period of time (2 hrs/day, 5 days/week).

    Also known as: vision therapy, vision training

  • BehavioralCrossover (Occlusion therapy + Video Game)

    Phase 1. Research participants will be required to cover the good eye during the day in order to push the brain to use the amblyopic eye (2 hrs/day, 5 days/week for 2-4 weeks). Phase 2. Research participants will be required to cover the good eye during the day in order to push the brain to use the amblyopic eye (2 hrs/day, 5 days/week for 2-4 weeks).

    Also known as: vision therapy, vision training

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What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Amblyopic vision

    Improvement in amblyopic vision : visual acuity and stereoacuity

    Time frame: 9 months

Secondary outcomes

  1. Spatial vision

    Improvement in spatial vision (positional acuity and spatial attention)

    Time frame: 9 months

  2. Temporal vision

    Improvement in temporal processing and temporal vision (attentional blink)

    Time frame: 9 months

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Study locations

1 site
  • Minor Hall 486, School of Optometry, University of California, Berkeley
    Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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References and documents

Publications

  • Li RW, Provost A, Levi DM. Extended perceptual learning results in substantial recovery of positional acuity and visual acuity in juvenile amblyopia. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2007 Nov;48(11):5046-51. doi: 10.1167/iovs.07-0324. PubMed 17962456 ↗
  • Li RW, Young KG, Hoenig P, Levi DM. Perceptual learning improves visual performance in juvenile amblyopia. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2005 Sep;46(9):3161-8. doi: 10.1167/iovs.05-0286. PubMed 16123415 ↗
  • Li RW, Levi DM. Characterizing the mechanisms of improvement for position discrimination in adult amblyopia. J Vis. 2004 Jun 1;4(6):476-87. doi: 10.1167/4.6.7. PubMed 15330715 ↗
  • Chung ST, Li RW, Levi DM. Identification of contrast-defined letters benefits from perceptual learning in adults with amblyopia. Vision Res. 2006 Oct;46(22):3853-61. doi: 10.1016/j.visres.2006.06.014. Epub 2006 Aug 22. PubMed 16930666 ↗
  • Chung ST, Kumar G, Li RW, Levi DM. Characteristics of fixational eye movements in amblyopia: Limitations on fixation stability and acuity? Vision Res. 2015 Sep;114:87-99. doi: 10.1016/j.visres.2015.01.016. Epub 2015 Feb 7. PubMed 25668775 ↗
  • Li RW, Klein SA, Levi DM. Prolonged perceptual learning of positional acuity in adult amblyopia: perceptual template retuning dynamics. J Neurosci. 2008 Dec 24;28(52):14223-9. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4271-08.2008. PubMed 19109504 ↗
  • Chung ST, Li RW, Levi DM. Learning to identify near-threshold luminance-defined and contrast-defined letters in observers with amblyopia. Vision Res. 2008 Dec;48(27):2739-50. doi: 10.1016/j.visres.2008.09.009. Epub 2008 Oct 18. PubMed 18824189 ↗
  • Levi DM, Li RW. Improving the performance of the amblyopic visual system. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2009 Feb 12;364(1515):399-407. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2008.0203. PubMed 19008199 ↗
  • Levi DM, Li RW. Perceptual learning as a potential treatment for amblyopia: a mini-review. Vision Res. 2009 Oct;49(21):2535-49. doi: 10.1016/j.visres.2009.02.010. Epub 2009 Feb 27. PubMed 19250947 ↗
  • Li RW, Tran TT, Craven AP, Leung TW, Chat SW, Levi DM. Sharpening coarse-to-fine stereo vision by perceptual learning: asymmetric transfer across the spatial frequency spectrum. R Soc Open Sci. 2016 Jan 20;3(1):150523. doi: 10.1098/rsos.150523. eCollection 2016 Jan. PubMed 26909178 ↗
  • Li RW, Ngo CV, Levi DM. Relieving the attentional blink in the amblyopic brain with video games. Sci Rep. 2015 Feb 26;5:8483. doi: 10.1038/srep08483. PubMed 25715870 ↗
  • Li RW, Ngo C, Nguyen J, Levi DM. Video-game play induces plasticity in the visual system of adults with amblyopia. PLoS Biol. 2011 Aug;9(8):e1001135. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001135. Epub 2011 Aug 30. PubMed 21912514 ↗
  • Chung ST, Li RW, Levi DM. Learning to identify near-acuity letters, either with or without flankers, results in improved letter size and spacing limits in adults with amblyopia. PLoS One. 2012;7(4):e35829. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0035829. Epub 2012 Apr 30. PubMed 22558234 ↗

Individual participant data

Plan to share: Undecided

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Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on May 17, 2016, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
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Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT01223716
Lead sponsor
University of California, Berkeley
Collaborators
National Eye Institute (NEI)
Responsible party
Roger Winghong Li (Research Specialist, University of California, Berkeley) — Principal investigator
First posted
Oct 19, 2010
Start date
Dec 2004
Primary completion
Dec 2009
Completion
Dec 2009
Last update
May 17, 2016

Study contacts

Roger W Li, OD, PhD
principal investigator · School of Optometry, Univeristy of california-Berkeley
Dennis M Levi, OD, PhD
principal investigator · School of Optometry, Univerisity of California-Berkeley

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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This study is completed, as verified in May 2016. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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