A Phase 2 interventional study of Denileukin diftitox in Stage IIIC Melanoma and Stage IV Melanoma, sponsored by Eisai Inc.. Completed at 10 sites in United States. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2022-04-13.
Sponsored by Eisai Inc. · Phase 2, Interventional, and Treatment
The purpose of this study is to determine whether participants with Stage IIIC and Stage IV Melanoma experience benefit when treated with Denileukin diftitox in two different dosing schedules.
This is a multicenter, open-label, dose/schedule and clinical efficacy study in participants with Stage IIIC and Stage IV melanoma.
Dose-Schedules: This is a schedule, dose, and pharmacodynamic study of Denileukin diftitox in participants with Stage IIIC and Stage IV melanoma. Two arms of 40 participants each were originally planned (see below) for a total of 80 participants. Participants were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 arms: 1. 12 mcg/kg/day on Days 1 through 4 of each 21-day treatment cycle, for a total of 4 cycles (12 weeks); 2. 12 mcg/kg/day on Days 1, 8, and 15 of each 21-day treatment cycle, for a total of 4 cycles (12 weeks). Participants will be evaluated for (clinical response, safety and tolerability, and pharmacodynamic measures of ONTAK activity. An optional substudy will be conducted that will involve collection of serial tumor biopsies at study entry and Day 84 in order to assess tissue pharmacodynamic markers of ONTAK activity (Treg depletion in tumor, appearance of melanoma antigen-specific CD8+lymphocytes, and other markers of mucosal immunity and inflammatory response).
Following an amendment, participants will be enrolled in Arm 1 only (expanded to a total of 55 participants) and Arm 2 was closed. According to the original design, if two responses or less were observed among 22 participants on either arm, that arm would be discontinued.
Participants experiencing clinical benefit (immune-related stable disease [irSD], immune-related partial response [irPR], or immune-related complete response [irCR] per irRC) after 4 cycles of treatment, may continue their denileukin diftitox treatment for up to 8 cycles.
3,073 studies on the registry are indexed under Melanoma; 529 are open to participants now.
This study's enrollment of 75 is above the median of 38 across 2,400 interventional studies indexed under Melanoma.
Browse Melanoma studies →Eisai Inc. is the lead sponsor of 368 studies on the registry; 7 are open to participants now.
Of its 83 completed or terminated interventional studies of FDA-regulated products, 56 (67%) have results posted.
Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.
Inclusion Criteria Participants may be entered in the study only if they meet all of the following criteria.
Adequate hematologic, renal, and liver function as defined by laboratory values performed within 21 days prior to initiation of dosing:
Exclusion Criteria
Participants will not be entered in the study for any of the following:
Known central nervous system (CNS) lesions, except for asymptomatic non-progressing, treated brain metastases.
Treated brain metastases are defined as having no evidence of progression or hemorrhage for 2 months, as ascertained by clinical examination and brain imaging (magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] or computerized tomography [CT]) during the Screening period (using the pretreatment brain image as Baseline). Treatment for brain metastases must have been completed at least 2 months prior to Day 1 of the first treatment cycle and may include whole brain radiotherapy, radiosurgery (Gamma Knife, LINAC, or equivalent), or a combination as deemed appropriate by the treating physician. Dexamethasone must be discontinued at least 4 weeks prior to Day 1. Participants with CNS metastases treated by neurosurgical resection or brain biopsy performed within 2 months prior to Day 1 will be excluded;
Participants received Denileukin Diftitox 12 mcg/kg/day (microgram per kilogram) on Days 1 through 4 of each 21-day treatment cycle, for a total of 4 cycles (12 weeks).
Drug: Denileukin diftitox
Participants received Denileukin Diftitox 12 mcg/kg/day on Days 1, 8, and 15 of each 21-day treatment cycle, for a total of 4 cycles (12 weeks). ARM 2 was closed. Participants experiencing clinical benefit (irSD, irPR, or irCR per irRC) after 4 cycles of treatment, may continue their denileukin diftitox treatment for up to 8 cycles.
Drug: Denileukin diftitox
Denileukin diftitox intravenous infusion over 30-60 minutes.
Percentage of Participants With Immune-related Overall Response Rate (irORR)
irORR was defined as the percentage of participants with best confirmed response (immune-related complete response \[irCR\] or immune-related partial response \[irPR\]). irORR was assessed by immune-related response criteria (irRC). Per irRC criteria, irCR was defined as complete disappearance of all tumor lesions, whether measurable or not, and no new lesions. irPR was defined as decrease in tumor burden by 50 percent (%) or greater (confirmed in 2 observations at least 4 weeks apart).
Time frame: From the start of treatment up to 1 year 6 months
Progression Free Survival (PFS)
The PFS was defined as time from start of study treatment until immune-related progressive disease (irPD) or death. If the participant did not progress, the participant was censored at the date of last tumor assessment, known alive, or until starting a next line of therapy, whichever occurred first. PFS was assessed by irRC. irPD was defined as at least 25% increase in tumor burden relative to nadir (at any single time point) in 2 consecutive observations at least 4 weeks apart. The PFS was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. The median time (weeks) and the corresponding 90% confidence interval were estimated for each treatment group are reported.
Time frame: From the start of treatment to the date of first documentation of irPD, or date of death, whichever occurred first up to 1 year 6 months
Percentage of Participants With PFS at Month 6
The PFS was defined as time from start of study treatment until irPD or death. If the participant did not progress, the participant was censored at the date of last tumor assessment, known alive, or until starting a next line of therapy, whichever occurred first. PFS was assessed by irRC. irPD was defined as at least 25% increase in tumor burden relative to nadir (at any single time point) in 2 consecutive observations at least 4 weeks apart. Percentage of participants with PFS at month 6 are reported and was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method.
Time frame: Month 6
Duration of Response
Duration of response was defined as the time from date of the first assessment demonstrating an irCR or irPR to date of the first assessment demonstrating progressive disease (PD), death, or withdrawal from study. In the absence of confirmation of death or PD, duration of response was censored at the last date of follow-up when the participant was known to be alive and have maintained a response. Duration of response was assessed by irRC. Per irRC criteria, irCR was defined as complete disappearance of all tumor lesions, whether measurable or not, and no new lesions. irPR was defined as decrease in tumor burden by 50% or greater (confirmed in 2 observations at least 4 weeks apart). The duration of response was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method.
Time frame: From date of the first demonstration of irCR or irPR until the date of first demonstration of PD, date of death, or withdrawal from study up to 1 year 6 months
Overall Survival (OS)
The OS was defined as the time from the date of randomization until the date of death. OS was estimated by Kaplan-Meier method. The median time (weeks) and the corresponding 90% confidence interval were estimated for each treatment group were reported.
Time frame: From the date of randomization until the date of death up to 1 year 6 months
Percentage of Participants With OS at 1 Year
The OS was defined as the time from the date of randomization until the date of death. OS at 1 year was estimated by Kaplan-Meier method. OS at 1 year was measured as the percentage of participants still alive at 1 year from the date of randomization.
Time frame: From the date of randomization up to 1 year
Change From Baseline in CD4+CD127-/loCD25+CD152- Cells Expression Pattern at Weeks 12
Treg (regulatory T cells) from peripheral blood and tumor tissues were assessed for best immune-related response. Assessment of Treg cells was done by immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis. Change from baseline in CD4+CD127-/loCD25+CD152- (surface marker expressed in Treg cells) expression pattern, by treatment and immune-related response are reported.
Time frame: Baseline, Week 12
Change From Baseline in CD4+CD127-/loCD25hiCD152- Cells Expression Pattern at Weeks 12
Treg (regulatory T cells) from peripheral blood and tumor tissues were assessed for best immune-related response. Assessment of Treg cells was done by IHC analysis. Change from baseline in CD4+CD127-/loCD25hiCD152- (surface marker expressed in Treg cells) expression pattern, by treatment and immune-related response are reported.
Time frame: Baseline, Week 12
Participants took part in the study at 12 investigative sites in the United States from 22 June 2010 to 07 April 2015.
| Milestone | Denileukin Diftitox on Days 1 to 4 | Denileukin Diftitox on Days 1, 8, and 15 |
|---|---|---|
| Started | 43 | 32 |
| Safety analysis set | 43 | 32 |
| Modified intent-to-treat (mitt) | 42 | 32 |
| Completed | 0 | 0 |
| Not completed | 43 | 32 |
| Withdrew: Other | 2 | 1 |
| Withdrew: Completed 1 year follow-up after last dose of study drug | 14 | 12 |
| Withdrew: Death | 22 | 17 |
| Withdrew: Lost to follow-up | 3 | 0 |
| Withdrew: Administrative reason by sponsor | 2 | 2 |
irORR was defined as the percentage of participants with best confirmed response (immune-related complete response \[irCR\] or immune-related partial response \[irPR\]). irORR was assessed by immune-related response criteria (irRC). Per irRC criteria, irCR was defined as complete disappearance of all tumor lesions, whether measurable or not, and no new lesions. irPR was defined as decrease in tumor burden by 50 percent (%) or greater (confirmed in 2 observations at least 4 weeks apart).
| percentage of participants | Denileukin Diftitox on Days 1 to 4 | Denileukin Diftitox on Days 1, 8, and 15 |
|---|---|---|
| Percentage of Participants With Immune-related Overall Response Rate (irORR) | 9.5 (3.3 to 20.4) | 3.1 (0.1 to 13.9) |
The PFS was defined as time from start of study treatment until immune-related progressive disease (irPD) or death. If the participant did not progress, the participant was censored at the date of last tumor assessment, known alive, or until starting a next line of therapy, whichever occurred first. PFS was assessed by irRC. irPD was defined as at least 25% increase in tumor burden relative to nadir (at any single time point) in 2 consecutive observations at least 4 weeks apart. The PFS was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. The median time (weeks) and the corresponding 90% confidence interval were estimated for each treatment group are reported.
| weeks | Denileukin Diftitox on Days 1 to 4 | Denileukin Diftitox on Days 1, 8, and 15 |
|---|---|---|
| Progression Free Survival (PFS) | 12.1 (11.6 to 14.0) | 12.1 (11.6 to 13.0) |
The PFS was defined as time from start of study treatment until irPD or death. If the participant did not progress, the participant was censored at the date of last tumor assessment, known alive, or until starting a next line of therapy, whichever occurred first. PFS was assessed by irRC. irPD was defined as at least 25% increase in tumor burden relative to nadir (at any single time point) in 2 consecutive observations at least 4 weeks apart. Percentage of participants with PFS at month 6 are reported and was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method.
| percentage of participants | Denileukin Diftitox on Days 1 to 4 | Denileukin Diftitox on Days 1, 8, and 15 |
|---|---|---|
| Percentage of Participants With PFS at Month 6 | 28.5 (15.2 to 43.3) | 23.0 (9.7 to 39.6) |
Duration of response was defined as the time from date of the first assessment demonstrating an irCR or irPR to date of the first assessment demonstrating progressive disease (PD), death, or withdrawal from study. In the absence of confirmation of death or PD, duration of response was censored at the last date of follow-up when the participant was known to be alive and have maintained a response. Duration of response was assessed by irRC. Per irRC criteria, irCR was defined as complete disappearance of all tumor lesions, whether measurable or not, and no new lesions. irPR was defined as decrease in tumor burden by 50% or greater (confirmed in 2 observations at least 4 weeks apart). The duration of response was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method.
| weeks | Denileukin Diftitox on Days 1 to 4 | Denileukin Diftitox on Days 1, 8, and 15 |
|---|---|---|
| Duration of Response | 32.9 (26.6 to 49.6) | 54.3 (54.3 to 54.3) |
The OS was defined as the time from the date of randomization until the date of death. OS was estimated by Kaplan-Meier method. The median time (weeks) and the corresponding 90% confidence interval were estimated for each treatment group were reported.
| weeks | Denileukin Diftitox on Days 1 to 4 | Denileukin Diftitox on Days 1, 8, and 15 |
|---|---|---|
| Overall Survival (OS) | 51.1 (37.1 to 113.6) | 54.3 (30.7 to 77.1) |
The OS was defined as the time from the date of randomization until the date of death. OS at 1 year was estimated by Kaplan-Meier method. OS at 1 year was measured as the percentage of participants still alive at 1 year from the date of randomization.
| percentage of participants | Denileukin Diftitox on Days 1 to 4 | Denileukin Diftitox on Days 1, 8, and 15 |
|---|---|---|
| Percentage of Participants With OS at 1 Year | 42.8 (21.9 to 62.3) | 50.0 (29.0 to 67.7) |
Treg (regulatory T cells) from peripheral blood and tumor tissues were assessed for best immune-related response. Assessment of Treg cells was done by immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis. Change from baseline in CD4+CD127-/loCD25+CD152- (surface marker expressed in Treg cells) expression pattern, by treatment and immune-related response are reported.
| cells per microliter | Denileukin Diftitox on Days 1 to 4 | Denileukin Diftitox on Days 1, 8, and 15 |
|---|---|---|
| At Baseline | 135.9 ± 86.17 | 184.9 ± 114.90 |
| Change at Week 12 | 6.4 ± 69.63 | -46.1 ± 74.72 |
Treg (regulatory T cells) from peripheral blood and tumor tissues were assessed for best immune-related response. Assessment of Treg cells was done by IHC analysis. Change from baseline in CD4+CD127-/loCD25hiCD152- (surface marker expressed in Treg cells) expression pattern, by treatment and immune-related response are reported.
| cells per microliter | Denileukin Diftitox on Days 1 to 4 | Denileukin Diftitox on Days 1, 8, and 15 |
|---|---|---|
| At Baseline | 34.8 ± 16.58 | 40.0 ± 21.01 |
| Change at Week 12 | -8.0 ± 19.22 | -13.3 ± 13.37 |
Collected over From first dose of study drug up to approximately 1 year 6 months. Non-serious events are listed at a 5% frequency threshold.
| Group | Deaths | Serious | Other |
|---|---|---|---|
| Denileukin Diftitox on Days 1 to 4 | 22/43 (51.2%) | 15/43 (34.9%) | 43/43 (100%) |
| Denileukin Diftitox on Days 1, 8, and 15 | 17/32 (53.1%) | 8/32 (25%) | 9/32 (28.1%) |
| Event | Denileukin Diftitox on Days 1 to 4 | Denileukin Diftitox on Days 1, 8, and 15 |
|---|---|---|
| Confusional StatePsychiatric disorders | 2/43 | 0/32 |
| HypotensionVascular disorders | 2/43 | 0/32 |
| CellulitisInfections and infestations | 0/43 | 1/32 |
| Endocarditis BacterialInfections and infestations | 0/43 | 1/32 |
| DehydrationMetabolism and nutrition disorders | 0/43 | 1/32 |
| Metastases To Central Nervous SystemNeoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps) | 0/43 | 1/32 |
| Tumour PainNeoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps) | 0/43 | 1/32 |
| Brain OedemaNervous system disorders | 0/43 | 1/32 |
| Mental Status ChangesPsychiatric disorders | 0/43 | 1/32 |
| DyspnoeaRespiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders | 1/43 | 1/32 |
| Event | Denileukin Diftitox on Days 1 to 4 | Denileukin Diftitox on Days 1, 8, and 15 |
|---|---|---|
| FatigueGeneral disorders | 25/43 | 1/32 |
| NauseaGastrointestinal disorders | 24/43 | 4/32 |
| ChillsGeneral disorders | 20/43 | 3/32 |
| Alanine aminotransferase increasedInvestigations | 12/43 | 0/32 |
| Aspartate aminotransferase increasedInvestigations | 10/43 | 0/32 |
| VomitingGastrointestinal disorders | 9/43 | 1/32 |
| Decreased appetiteMetabolism and nutrition disorders | 9/43 | 3/32 |
| HypoalbuminaemiaMetabolism and nutrition disorders | 9/43 | 1/32 |
| InsomniaPsychiatric disorders | 8/43 | 1/32 |
| DiarrhoeaGastrointestinal disorders | 7/43 | 1/32 |
Safety analysis set included all participants enrolled and randomized to treatment and who had any safety assessment following the first dose of study drug.
| Age, Continuous(years) | Denileukin Diftitox on Days 1 to 4 | Denileukin Diftitox on Days 1, 8, and 15 | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median | 66 (38 to 93) | 68 (28 to 94) | 66 (28 to 94) |
| Sex: Female, Male(Participants) | Denileukin Diftitox on Days 1 to 4 | Denileukin Diftitox on Days 1, 8, and 15 | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Female | 11 | 12 | 23 |
| Male | 32 | 20 | 52 |
| Race/Ethnicity, Customized(Participants) | Denileukin Diftitox on Days 1 to 4 | Denileukin Diftitox on Days 1, 8, and 15 | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| White | 40 | 31 | 71 |
| Asian | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| Black or African American | 1 | 1 | 2 |
This study is completed, as verified in Mar 2022. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.
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Studies of the drug tested here: Denileukin diftitox