A Phase 2 interventional study of Busulfan and Clofarabine in Leukemia, Lymphoma and Allogeneic Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, sponsored by M.D. Anderson Cancer Center. Completed at 1 site in United States. Open to participants aged Up to 65 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2018-08-07.
Sponsored by M.D. Anderson Cancer Center · Phase 2, Interventional, and Treatment
The goal of this clinical research study is to test the safety of giving clofarabine in combination with busulfan, followed by an allogeneic (from a donor) stem cell transplant, in patients with advanced leukemia or lymphoma.
Study Treatment:
Busulfan is designed to bind to DNA (the genetic material of cells), which may cause cancer cells to die. It is commonly used in stem cell transplants.
Clofarabine is designed to interfere with the growth and development of cancer cells.
A stem cell transplant is designed to help your body attack the cancer cells that may remain in your body after chemotherapy.
Central Venous Catheter Placement:
If you are found to be eligible to take part in this study, you will have a central venous catheter (CVC) placed. A CVC is a sterile flexible tube that will be placed into a large vein while you are under local anesthesia. Your doctor will explain this procedure to you in more detail, and you will be required to sign a separate consent form for it.
The study drugs and stem cells will be given by vein through your CVC. The CVC will remain in your body for about 3 months.
Study Drug Administration and Stem Cell Transplant:
You will first receive a low-level "test" dose of busulfan by vein, either over 45 or 60 minutes, on Day -8 (8 days before the transplant).
A heparin lock will be placed in your vein to lower the number of needle sticks needed for the blood draws. This will involve placing an intravenous (IV) line in your lower arm that will remain in place from Day -8 through Day -6.
Blood (about 1 teaspoon each time) will be drawn for pharmacokinetic (PK) testing up to 11 times over the 11 hours after the busulfan dose on Day -8. PK testing measures the amount of study drug in the body at different time points. This PK testing will be done to find the dose of busulfan needed for your body size on the other days that you receive busulfan.
Each day from Day -6 through Day -3, you will receive clofarabine by vein over 1 hour and your body-specific dose of busulfan by vein over 3 hours. If for any reason you could not have the PK tests performed, you will receive the standard busulfan dose on these days.
The PK testing will be repeated on Day -6. Blood (about 1 teaspoon each time) will be drawn for PK testing up to 11 times over the 11 hours after the busulfan dose.
If your donor is not related to you or his/her tissue is not HLA-matched (genetically matched), you will receive antithymocyte globulin (ATG) by vein over 4 hours each day on Day -3 through Day -1. ATG is designed to weaken your immune system in order to lower the risk that your body will reject the transplant.
On Day 0, you will receive the donor's bone marrow or blood stem cells by vein. The infusion will last anywhere from about 30 minutes to several hours.
You will also receive tacrolimus and methotrexate to weaken the immune system and lower the risk of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). GVHD is a reaction of the donor's immune cells against the recipient's body.
Starting 1 week after the transplant, you will receive filgrastim (G-CSF) as an injection under the skin once a day until your blood cell levels return to normal.
Other Possible Treatments:
If you have a history of leukemia or lymphoma in the brain, you will receive spinal taps and chemotherapy several times over the 12 months after the transplant. The chemotherapy drug will be infused over a few minutes, during the spinal tap, directly into the space around the spinal cord. Based on standard care, the doctor will decide how often this occurs and which chemotherapy drug will be used (either methotrexate or cytarabine).
If you have a certain type of leukemia (Philadelphia chromosome positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia [ALL]), you will receive an additional drug to help prevent the cancer from returning. The drug will be imatinib mesylate or another similar type of drug that the doctor decides. It will be given by mouth, every day for up to 1 year after the transplant.
Length of Study Participation:
You will be in the hospital for about 4 weeks after the transplant. You will be taken off study if the disease gets worse. The study drugs will be stopped if intolerable side effects occur.
Follow-Up:
At 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after the transplant, the following tests and procedures will be performed:
The study staff will stay in contact with your local doctor to find out if the leukemia or lymphoma comes back, as well as to check how you are doing.
This is an investigational study. Busulfan and clofarabine are commercially available and FDA approved for the treatment of cancer. Busulfan is also FDA approved for use with stem cell transplants. The use of these drugs together with a stem cell transplant is investigational.
Up to 150 patients will take part in this study. All will be enrolled at M. D. Anderson.
5,578 studies on the registry are indexed under Lymphoma; 825 are open to participants now.
This study's enrollment of 120 is above the median of 40 across 4,508 interventional studies indexed under Lymphoma.
Browse Lymphoma studies →M.D. Anderson Cancer Center is the lead sponsor of 2,999 studies on the registry; 581 are open to participants now.
Of its 599 completed or terminated interventional studies of FDA-regulated products, 402 (67%) have results posted.
Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.
Exclusion Criteria:
Busulfan test dose 32 mg/m\^2 by vein over 45 minutes on Day -8; following doses on Days -6 to -3 derived from pharmacokinetic (PK) testing done up to 11 times over 11 hours after test dose. Clofarabine 40 mg/m\^2 by vein over 1 hour daily Day -6 through Day -3. Thymoglobulin 0.5 mg/kg on Day -3, 1.5 mg/kg on Day -2 and 2.0 mg/kg on Day -1; only patients with HLA nonidentical or unrelated donors. Stem cell infusion on Day 0.
Drug: Busulfan · Drug: Clofarabine · Drug: Thymoglobulin · Procedure: Stem Cell Transplant
Test Dose 32 mg/m\^2 by vein over 45 minutes on Day -8; following doses on Days -6 to -3 derived from pharmacokinetic (PK) testing done up to 11 times over 11 hours after test dose.
Also known as: Busulfex, Myleran
40 mg/m\^2 by vein over 1 hour daily Day -6 through Day -3
Also known as: Clolar, Clofarex
0.5 mg/kg on Day -3, 1.5 mg/kg on Day -2 and 2.0 mg/kg on Day -1; only patients with HLA nonidentical or unrelated donors
Also known as: Anti-thymocyte globulin, ATG
Stem cell infusion on Day 0.
Also known as: Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant, HCT
Treatment-Related Mortality (TRM) Defined as Non Relapse Mortality (NRM)
NRM was defined as death from any cause other than disease progression or relapse and reported as percentage of participant deaths. Treatment related deaths after transplant are defined either by deaths which could not be attributed to disease relapse or progression or by deaths without previous relapse or progression. For TRM at day 100, Bayesian method of Thall, Simon, and Estey used to perform interim monitoring.
Time frame: 100 Days
Recruitment Period: October 01, 2009 to July 13, 2015. All recruitment done at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center.
| Milestone | Busulfan + Clofarabine + Stem Cell Transplant |
|---|---|
| Started | 120 |
| Completed | 107 |
| Not completed | 13 |
| Withdrew: Disease progression | 8 |
| Withdrew: Non-compliance | 1 |
| Withdrew: Death | 2 |
| Withdrew: Not treated | 2 |
NRM was defined as death from any cause other than disease progression or relapse and reported as percentage of participant deaths. Treatment related deaths after transplant are defined either by deaths which could not be attributed to disease relapse or progression or by deaths without previous relapse or progression. For TRM at day 100, Bayesian method of Thall, Simon, and Estey used to perform interim monitoring.
| percentage of participants | Busulfan + Clofarabine + Stem Cell Transplant |
|---|---|
| Treatment-Related Mortality (TRM) Defined as Non Relapse Mortality (NRM) | 10 |
Collected over The specific period was from the start of preparative regiment up to Day 100 for the collection of adverse events.. Non-serious events are listed at a 0% frequency threshold.
| Group | Deaths | Serious | Other |
|---|---|---|---|
| Busulfan + Clofarabine + Stem Cell Transplant | — | 3/120 (2.5%) | 118/120 (98.3%) |
| Event | Busulfan + Clofarabine + Stem Cell Transplant |
|---|---|
| Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH)Respiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders | 1/120 |
| Infection/SepsisInfections and infestations | 1/120 |
| PneumoniaRespiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders | 1/120 |
| Event | Busulfan + Clofarabine + Stem Cell Transplant |
|---|---|
| MucositisGastrointestinal disorders | 105/120 |
| InfectionInfections and infestations | 92/120 |
| TransaminitisInvestigations | 91/120 |
| NauseaGastrointestinal disorders | 68/120 |
| Neutropenic FeverBlood and lymphatic system disorders | 63/120 |
| DiarrheaGastrointestinal disorders | 56/120 |
| Fluid OverloadBlood and lymphatic system disorders | 45/120 |
| FeverBlood and lymphatic system disorders | 43/120 |
| BilirubinInvestigations | 38/120 |
| Skin RashSkin and subcutaneous tissue disorders | 22/120 |
| Age, Categorical(Participants) | Busulfan + Clofarabine + Stem Cell Transplant |
|---|---|
| <=18 years | 3 |
| Between 18 and 65 years | 117 |
| >=65 years | 0 |
| Age, Continuous(years) | Busulfan + Clofarabine + Stem Cell Transplant |
|---|---|
| Median | 38 (12 to 64) |
| Sex: Female, Male(Participants) | Busulfan + Clofarabine + Stem Cell Transplant |
|---|---|
| Female | 47 |
| Male | 73 |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)(Participants) | Busulfan + Clofarabine + Stem Cell Transplant |
|---|---|
| Hispanic or Latino | 14 |
| Not Hispanic or Latino | 86 |
| Unknown or Not Reported | 20 |
| Race (NIH/OMB)(Participants) | Busulfan + Clofarabine + Stem Cell Transplant |
|---|---|
| American Indian or Alaska Native | 0 |
| Asian | 8 |
| Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 0 |
| Black or African American | 1 |
| White | 91 |
| More than one race | 8 |
| Unknown or Not Reported | 12 |
| Region of Enrollment(Participants) | Busulfan + Clofarabine + Stem Cell Transplant |
|---|---|
| United States | 120 |
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M.D. Anderson Cancer Center