An observational study in Tuberculosis, sponsored by Johns Hopkins University. Completed at 1 site in Brazil. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2017-08-18.
Sponsored by Johns Hopkins University · Observational
This study is designed as a cluster-randomized trial. The cluster unit is at the community level. Communities will be randomized to 1 of 2 study arms: DOTS+ACF or DOTS. Communities in the DOTS+ACF arm will receive door-to-door symptom screening of the entire population by health care workers between 2 and 4 times over a 9-month period. Those communities in the DOTS-arm will receive the current standard of care in those communities (PCF). All study communities will be receiving between 4 and 6 visits by community health workers annually as part of a program to assess and follow-up illnesses in each household. Households with ill residents will be visited more often. The intervention for this study is simply adding 3 to 5 simple questions to the current protocol. For subjects responding positively to these questions, results will be returned to the subject at their home and routine, standard of care follow-up diagnostic and treatment algorithms will be followed.
Despite free ARV drugs and free TB treatment, and an expanding DOTS program, TB rates have not diminished in this city overall (29), suggesting that DOTS alone will not be sufficient to turn the tide. Nevertheless, an elemental ACF strategy did appear to work well in this city. A prior International Collaborations in Infectious Disease Research (ICIDR), in one area of Rio de Janeiro, evaluated the use of the WHO's directly observed therapy, short course (DOTS) strategy versus an enhanced DOTS strategy (DOTS-A), which included household contact investigation as a means of identifying cases. A statistically significant reduction in incidence rates between DOTS versus DOTS-A communities was seen from 2000 to 2002 (Figure 2), suggesting that ACF strategies can be instrumental in reducing incidence rates if subjects are detected and treated. Treatment completion rates among new TB cases were not significantly different statistically in the 2 study arms, however treatment completion rates overall increased from 68% to 77% over the course of the study. Overall, the DOTS communities exhibited little change (+7%) in TB incidence over the 5-year period, while DOTS-A communities showed a combined decrease (-14%) (P\<0.05). The difference suggests that a large scale ACF campaign at a more intensive level (ie, door-to-door case finding) could have a significant impact on long-term TB incidence in a community.
1,417 studies on the registry are indexed under Tuberculosis; 208 are open to participants now.
This study's enrollment of 1,000 is above the median of 250 across 421 observational studies indexed under Tuberculosis.
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Of its 203 completed or terminated interventional studies of FDA-regulated products, 140 (69%) have results posted.
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Residents of AP3.1 and AP 5.3 in Rio de Janeiro Brazil
Inclusion Criteria:
Active case finding of TB in the community using community health workers
To compare TB incidence in communities randomized to DOTS+ACF and DOTS alone over the 18-month period following ACF campaign.
Time frame: 18 months following invetervention
To compare case notification rates of TB in the 2 arms of the study during the ACF campaign.
Time frame: During the intervention
This study is completed, as verified in Aug 2017. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.
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