CClinicalTrials.gg
CompletedNCT00402337Updated Mar 5, 2013Results posted

Dose-range-finding, Phase 2 Trial of Oral Linaclotide Acetate Administered to Patients With Chronic Constipation

A Phase 2 interventional study of linaclotide acetate and Matching placebo in Chronic Constipation, sponsored by Ironwood Pharmaceuticals, Inc.. Completed at 60 sites in United States. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2013-03-05.

Sponsored by Ironwood Pharmaceuticals, Inc. · Phase 2, Interventional, and Treatment

Phase
Phase 2
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
310
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Study summary

The primary purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of administration of linaclotide acetate in patients with chronic constipation.

02

Conditions studied

  • Chronic Constipation

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Keywords

  • Constipation
  • Chronic Constipation
  • Microbia
  • linaclotide
  • linaclotide acetate
  • MD-1100
03

In context

Constipation

1,018 studies on the registry are indexed under Constipation; 139 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 310 is above the median of 80 across 850 interventional studies indexed under Constipation.

Browse Constipation studies →

Lead sponsor

Ironwood Pharmaceuticals, Inc. is the lead sponsor of 24 studies on the registry; none are open to participants now.

Of its 9 completed or terminated interventional studies of FDA-regulated products, 8 (89%) have results posted.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Inclusion criteria

  • Patient is 18 years of age or older
  • Patient meets colonoscopy requirements according to the American Gastroenterological Association
  • Patient meets criteria for chronic constipation including weekly bowel movement frequency requirements and reports one or more symptoms of constipation according to protocol requirements
  • Patient has successfully completed study requirements with no clinically-significant findings: physical exam, ECG, clinical laboratory tests
  • Patient is fluent in English

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Patient reports loose or watery stools
  • Patient meets criteria for IBS including protocol-defined abdominal discomfort or pain
  • Patient may not take prohibited medications per protocol
  • Medical diagnoses, medical conditions, or family history that would not make the patient a good candidate for the study or limit the patient's ability to complete the clinical study
05

Study design

Phase
Phase 2
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
Quadruple (Participant, Care provider, Investigator, Outcomes assessor)
Enrollment
310 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Active comparator
    72 ug linaclotide acetate

    Drug: linaclotide acetate

  • Active comparator
    145 ug linaclotide acetate

    Drug: linaclotide acetate

  • Active comparator
    290 ug linaclotide acetate

    Drug: linaclotide acetate

  • Active comparator
    579 ug linaclotide acetate

    Drug: linaclotide acetate

  • Placebo comparator
    Matching Placebo

    Drug: Matching placebo

Interventions

  • Druglinaclotide acetate

    oral, once daily.

  • DrugMatching placebo

    oral, once daily

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Change From Pretreatment in Weekly Normalized Spontaneous Bowel Movement (SBM) Frequency

    Change in SBM frequency during Weeks 1 through 4 of the treatment period from the weekly SBM rate obtained during the pretreatment period.

    Time frame: Change from Baseline to Week 4

Secondary outcomes

  1. SBM 75% Responder for the Treatment Period (Based on the Normalized Rate)

    A patient was an SBM 75% Responder if the patient was an SBM Responder for ≥3 of the 4 treatment period weeks. For each week of the treatment and postreatment periods, a patient was considered an SBM Responder if for that week the patient 1) completed ≥4 days of IVRS questions,2) had an SBM rate of ≥ 3 for the week, and 3) had an increase in SBM rate of ≥ 1 from their baseline weekly SBM rate.

    Time frame: Change from Baseline to Week 4

  2. CSBM 75% Responder for the Treatment Period (Based on the Normalized Rate)

    A patient was a complete spontaneous bowel movement (CSBM) 75% Responder if the patient was a CSBM Responder for ≥3 of the 4 treatment period weeks. For each week of the treatment and postreatment periods, a patient was considered a CSBM Responder if for that week the patient 1) completed ≥4 days of IVRS questions,2) had a CSBM rate of ≥ 3 for the week, and 3) had an increase in CSBM rate of ≥ 1 from their baseline weekly CSBM rate.

    Time frame: Change from Baseline to Week 4

  3. Change From Baseline in the Weekly Normalized CSBM Rate for the Treatment Period

    CSBMs measured daily during the treatment period. During each daily phone call into the IVRS, patients were asked: How many bowel movements did you have today or yesterday after your last call?

    Time frame: Change from Baseline to Week 4

  4. Change From Baseline in Stool Consistency (BSFS) Score for the Treatment Period

    Stool consistency analyses were performed using the 7-point BSFS, whereby a score of 1 = difficult to pass; 2 = sausage shaped but lumpy; 3 = like a sausage but with cracks on surface; 4 = like a sausage or snake, smooth and soft; 5 = soft blobs with clear-cut edges (passed easily); 6 = fluffy pieces with ragged edges, a mushy stool; and 7 = entirely liquid.

    Time frame: Change from Baseline to Week 4

  5. Change From Baseline in Straining Score for the Treatment Period

    Straining was assessed using a 5-point ordinal scale, whereby a score of 1 = not at all, 2 = a little bit, 3 = a moderate amount, 4 = a great deal, and 5 = an extreme amount.

    Time frame: Change from Baseline to Week 4

07

Results

Posted Mar 5, 2013

Participant flow

Patient recruitment occurred over a 13 month period from November 2006 to December 2007 at 57 US study sites.

Participant flow — Overall Study
MilestoneLinaclotide, 72μgLinaclotide, 145μgLinaclotide, 290μgLinaclotide, 579μgPlacebo
Started5957626369
Completed5451585161
Not completed564128
Withdrew: Adverse event02232
Withdrew: Noncompliance00002
Withdrew: Withdrawal by subject53164
Withdrew: Lost to follow-up00120
Withdrew: Physician decision00010
Withdrew: Other reason01000

Outcome measures

PrimaryChange From Pretreatment in Weekly Normalized Spontaneous Bowel Movement (SBM) Frequency

Change in SBM frequency during Weeks 1 through 4 of the treatment period from the weekly SBM rate obtained during the pretreatment period.

Time frame:
Change from Baseline to Week 4
Reported as:
Least squares mean · SBMs per week
Change From Pretreatment in Weekly Normalized Spontaneous Bowel Movement (SBM) Frequency
SBMs per weekLinaclotide, 72μgLinaclotide, 145μgLinaclotide, 290μgLinaclotide, 579μgPlacebo
Change From Pretreatment in Weekly Normalized Spontaneous Bowel Movement (SBM) Frequency2.59 ± 0.4073.25 ± 0.4123.57 ± 0.3914.29 ± 0.3941.45 ± 0.383
Statistical analysis
  • Linaclotide, 72μg vs Placebo · ANCOVA · p = 0.0337
  • Linaclotide, 145μg vs Placebo · ANCOVA · p = 0.0010
  • Linaclotide, 290μg vs Placebo · ANCOVA · p = <0.0001
  • Linaclotide, 579μg vs Placebo · ANCOVA · p = <0.0001
SecondarySBM 75% Responder for the Treatment Period (Based on the Normalized Rate)

A patient was an SBM 75% Responder if the patient was an SBM Responder for ≥3 of the 4 treatment period weeks. For each week of the treatment and postreatment periods, a patient was considered an SBM Responder if for that week the patient 1) completed ≥4 days of IVRS questions,2) had an SBM rate of ≥ 3 for the week, and 3) had an increase in SBM rate of ≥ 1 from their baseline weekly SBM rate.

Time frame:
Change from Baseline to Week 4
Reported as:
Number · participants
SBM 75% Responder for the Treatment Period (Based on the Normalized Rate)
participantsLinaclotide, 72μgLinaclotide, 145μgLinaclotide, 290μgLinaclotide, 579μgPlacebo
SBM 75% Responder for the Treatment Period (Based on the Normalized Rate)3531384222
SecondaryCSBM 75% Responder for the Treatment Period (Based on the Normalized Rate)

A patient was a complete spontaneous bowel movement (CSBM) 75% Responder if the patient was a CSBM Responder for ≥3 of the 4 treatment period weeks. For each week of the treatment and postreatment periods, a patient was considered a CSBM Responder if for that week the patient 1) completed ≥4 days of IVRS questions,2) had a CSBM rate of ≥ 3 for the week, and 3) had an increase in CSBM rate of ≥ 1 from their baseline weekly CSBM rate.

Time frame:
Change from Baseline to Week 4
Reported as:
Number · participants
CSBM 75% Responder for the Treatment Period (Based on the Normalized Rate)
participantsLinaclotide, 72μgLinaclotide, 145μgLinaclotide, 290μgLinaclotide, 579μgPlacebo
CSBM 75% Responder for the Treatment Period (Based on the Normalized Rate)111520185
SecondaryChange From Baseline in the Weekly Normalized CSBM Rate for the Treatment Period

CSBMs measured daily during the treatment period. During each daily phone call into the IVRS, patients were asked: How many bowel movements did you have today or yesterday after your last call?

Time frame:
Change from Baseline to Week 4
Reported as:
Least squares mean · CSBMs per week
Change From Baseline in the Weekly Normalized CSBM Rate for the Treatment Period
CSBMs per weekLinaclotide, 72μgLinaclotide, 145μgLinaclotide, 290μgLinaclotide, 579μgPlacebo
Change From Baseline in the Weekly Normalized CSBM Rate for the Treatment Period1.47 ± 0.2951.59 ± 0.2981.75 ± 0.2832.26 ± 0.2850.45 ± 0.279
SecondaryChange From Baseline in Stool Consistency (BSFS) Score for the Treatment Period

Stool consistency analyses were performed using the 7-point BSFS, whereby a score of 1 = difficult to pass; 2 = sausage shaped but lumpy; 3 = like a sausage but with cracks on surface; 4 = like a sausage or snake, smooth and soft; 5 = soft blobs with clear-cut edges (passed easily); 6 = fluffy pieces with ragged edges, a mushy stool; and 7 = entirely liquid.

Time frame:
Change from Baseline to Week 4
Reported as:
Least squares mean · units on a scale
Change From Baseline in Stool Consistency (BSFS) Score for the Treatment Period
units on a scaleLinaclotide, 72μgLinaclotide, 145μgLinaclotide, 290μgLinaclotide, 579μgPlacebo
Change From Baseline in Stool Consistency (BSFS) Score for the Treatment Period1.35 ± 0.1821.57 ± 0.1771.68 ± 0.1752.00 ± 0.1710.50 ± 0.170
SecondaryChange From Baseline in Straining Score for the Treatment Period

Straining was assessed using a 5-point ordinal scale, whereby a score of 1 = not at all, 2 = a little bit, 3 = a moderate amount, 4 = a great deal, and 5 = an extreme amount.

Time frame:
Change from Baseline to Week 4
Reported as:
Least squares mean · units on a scale
Change From Baseline in Straining Score for the Treatment Period
units on a scaleLinaclotide, 72μgLinaclotide, 145μgLinaclotide, 290μgLinaclotide, 579μgPlacebo
Change From Baseline in Straining Score for the Treatment Period-0.71 ± 0.102-0.97 ± 0.098-1.11 ± 0.097-1.14 ± 0.095-0.52 ± 0.094

Adverse events

Collected over Adverse event data were collected from November of 2006 to February of 2008.. Non-serious events are listed at a 5% frequency threshold.

Adverse event summary by group
GroupDeathsSeriousOther
Linaclotide, 72μg—0/59 (0%)7/59 (11.9%)
Linaclotide, 145μg—0/56 (0%)11/56 (19.6%)
Linaclotide, 290μg—0/62 (0%)5/62 (8.1%)
Linaclotide, 579μg—0/63 (0%)11/63 (17.5%)
Placebo—2/69 (2.9%)7/69 (10.1%)
Most frequent serious events
Most frequent serious events
EventLinaclotide, 72μgLinaclotide, 145μgLinaclotide, 290μgLinaclotide, 579μgPlacebo
Humerus fractureMusculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders0/590/560/620/631/69
Atrial fibrillationCardiac disorders0/590/560/620/631/69
PneumoniaInfections and infestations0/590/560/620/631/69
Most frequent other events
Most frequent other events
EventLinaclotide, 72μgLinaclotide, 145μgLinaclotide, 290μgLinaclotide, 579μgPlacebo
DiarrheaGastrointestinal disorders3/595/563/629/632/69
Abdominal painGastrointestinal disorders2/595/562/622/633/69
FlatulenceGastrointestinal disorders2/593/562/622/634/69

Baseline characteristics

Age Continuous
Age Continuous(years)Linaclotide, 72μgLinaclotide, 145μgLinaclotide, 290μgLinaclotide, 579μgPlaceboTotal
Mean45.9 ± 14.146.4 ± 11.748.4 ± 12.749.2 ± 14.046.1 ± 15.547.2 ± 13.7
Age, Customized
Age, Customized(Participants)Linaclotide, 72μgLinaclotide, 145μgLinaclotide, 290μgLinaclotide, 579μgPlaceboTotal
18 years to 65 years5253575764283
Older than 65 years7356526
Sex: Female, Male
Sex: Female, Male(Participants)Linaclotide, 72μgLinaclotide, 145μgLinaclotide, 290μgLinaclotide, 579μgPlaceboTotal
Female5554585661284
Male4247825
Region of Enrollment
Region of Enrollment(participants)Linaclotide, 72μgLinaclotide, 145μgLinaclotide, 290μgLinaclotide, 579μgPlaceboTotal
United States5956626369309
08

Study locations

60 sites
  • Microbia Investigational Site
    Huntsville, Alabama 35801, United States
  • Microbia Investigational Site
    Tucson, Arizona 85715, United States
  • Microbia Investigational Site
    Sherwood, Arkansas 72120, United States
  • Microbia Investigational Site
    Anaheim, California, United States
  • Microbia Investigational Site
    Sacramento, California, United States
  • Microbia Investigational Site
    San Diego, California, United States
  • Microbia Investigational Site
    Boulder, Colorado, United States
  • Microbia Investigational Site
    Bristol, Connecticut 06011, United States
  • Microbia Investigational Site
    Boynton Beach, Florida, United States
  • Microbia Investigational Site
    Port Orange, Florida, United States
  • Microbia Investigational Site
    Tampa, Florida, United States
  • Microbia Investigational Site
    Stockbridge, Georgia 30281, United States
  • Microbia Investigational Site
    Peoria, Illinois 61602, United States
  • Microbia Investigational Site
    Indianapolis, Indiana 46237, United States
  • Microbia Investigational Site
    Clive, Iowa, United States
  • Microbia Investigational Site
    Davenport, Iowa, United States
  • Microbia Investigational Site
    Louisville, Kentucky, United States
  • Microbia Investigational Site
    Monroe, Louisiana 71201, United States
  • Microbia Investigational Site
    Silver Spring, Maryland 20901, United States
  • Microbia Investigational Site
    Boston, Massachusetts, United States
  • Microbia Investigational Site
    Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
  • Microbia Investigational Site
    Traverse City, Michigan 49684, United States
  • Microbia Investigational Site
    Olive Branch, Mississippi, United States
  • Microbia Investigational Site
    Lincoln, Nebraska, United States
  • Microbia Investigational Site
    Great Neck, New York, United States
  • Microbia Investigational Site
    Pittsford, New York, United States
  • Microbia Investigational Site
    Asheville, North Carolina 28801, United States
  • Microbia Investigational Site
    Chapel Hill, North Carolina 9199668328, United States
  • Microbia Investigational Site
    Charlotte, North Carolina 28075, United States
  • Microbia Investigational Site
    Fayetteville, North Carolina, United States
  • Microbia Investigational Site
    Greensboro, North Carolina, United States
  • Microbia Investigational Site
    Raleigh, North Carolina 27612, United States
  • Microbia Investigational Site
    Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27103, United States
  • Microbia Investigational Site
    Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
  • Microbia Investigational Site
    Dayton, Ohio 45440, United States
  • Microbia Investigational Site
    Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104, United States
  • Microbia Investigational Site
    Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73112, United States
  • Microbia Investigational Site
    Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73116, United States
  • Microbia Investigational Site
    Tulsa, Oklahoma 74104, United States
  • Microbia Investigational Site
    Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
  • Microbia Investigational Site
    Sellersville, Pennsylvania, United States
  • Microbia Investigational Site
    Anderson, South Carolina, United States
  • Microbia Investigational Site
    Columbia, South Carolina, United States
  • Microbia Investigational Site
    Simpsonville, South Carolina, United States
  • Microbia Investigational Site
    Summerville, South Carolina 29485, United States
  • Microbia Investigational Site
    Bristol, Tennessee, United States
  • Microbia Investigational Site
    Chattanooga, Tennessee, United States
  • Microbia Investigational Site
    Germantown, Tennessee, United States
  • Microbia Investigational Site
    Jackson, Tennessee 38301, United States
  • Microbia Investigational Site
    Austin, Texas 78745, United States
  • Microbia Investigational Site
    Corsicana, Texas 75110, United States
  • Microbia Investigational Site
    El Paso, Texas, United States
  • Microbia Investigational Site
    San Antonio, Texas, United States
  • Microbia Investigational Site
    Ogden, Utah, United States
  • Microbia Investigational Site
    Chesapeake, Virginia 23320, United States
  • Microbia Investigational Site
    Lynchburg, Virginia 24502, United States
  • Microbia Investigational Site
    Olympia, Washington, United States
  • Microbia Investigational Site
    Spokane, Washington, United States
  • Microbia Investigational Site
    La Crosse, Wisconsin 54601, United States
  • Microbia Investigational Site
    Madison, Wisconsin, United States
09

References and documents

Publications

  • Lembo AJ, Kurtz CB, Macdougall JE, Lavins BJ, Currie MG, Fitch DA, Jeglinski BI, Johnston JM. Efficacy of linaclotide for patients with chronic constipation. Gastroenterology. 2010 Mar;138(3):886-95.e1. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2009.12.050. Epub 2010 Jan 4. PubMed 20045700 ↗
10

Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Mar 5, 2013, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
11

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT00402337
Lead sponsor
Ironwood Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Nov 22, 2006
Start date
Nov 2006
Primary completion
Dec 2007
Completion
Feb 2008
Results posted
Mar 5, 2013
Last update
Mar 5, 2013

Study contacts

Microbia Medical Affairs
study director · Microbia, Inc.

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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