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RecruitingNCT00344331Updated Nov 12, 2026

Evaluation of Biochemical Markers and Clinical Investigation of Niemann-Pick Disease, Type C

An observational study in Niemann-Pick Disease, Type C, sponsored by Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD). Recruiting at 1 site in United States. Open to participants aged 1 Day to 120 Years, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-11-12.

Sponsored by Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) · Observational

From the registry’s dates

  • Started Aug 2006; still recruiting 20 years 3 months later.

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Study type
Observational
Model
Cohort
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrollment
900
Ages
1 Day to 120 Years
Sex
All
01

Where this study stands

Counted across the records on this site · 2026-11-14

Among 23 studies in Niemann-Pick Disease, Type C with a site in United States — 6 open to participants now, 8 under way, 4 of them phase 3. Niemann-Pick Disease, Type C · United States.

Started
2006
the only one that year
Observational
5 of 23
3 open now
Registered
1st of 23
by date
Lead sponsor
5 of 23
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)

Among the 23 studies in Niemann-Pick Disease, Type C with a site in United States, this one is the only one that started in 2006, is one of 5 observational ones, and was the 1st registered.

Niemann-Pick Disease, Type C

37 studies on the registry are indexed under Niemann-Pick Disease, Type C; 8 are open to participants now.

Browse Niemann-Pick Disease, Type C studies →

Open to participants now

6 of the 23 studies in Niemann-Pick Disease, Type C with a site in United States are open now. Recruiting first, the newest first:

All 6 open studies →

A study can be open while its sites in United States have not opened yet or have stopped. Only those recruiting at a site in United States →

Who these studies take

Of the 5 Niemann-Pick Disease, Type C studies recruiting now, 4 set no upper age limit and none stop at 75 or younger; 5 take children under 18; 1 takes healthy volunteers.

This study: 1 Day to 120 Years · all sexes · healthy volunteers too.

The full table on the hub →

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Watch this landscapeDownload CSVNarrow it in search →With an account: a weekly mail of what changed among 23 studies in Niemann-Pick Disease, Type C with a site in United States, or all of them as a file.
02

Study summary

This study will evaluate clinical and laboratory tests that might be useful in determining if an investigational drug can slow the progression of Niemann-Pick Disease, Type C (NPC), a genetic disorder that results in progressive loss of nervous system function. The study will: 1) look for a clinical or biochemical marker that can be used as a measure of response to treatment, and 2) define the rate of progression of biochemical marker abnormalities in a group of NPC patients who will later be invited to enroll in a treatment trial.

Patients of any age with NPC may be eligible for this study. Participants undergo the following procedures every 6 months during 4- to 5-day admissions at the NIH Clinical Center.

  • Medical evaluation, including medical history, physical exam, neurological exam, neuropsychometric evaluation, and blood and urine tests.
  • Lumbar puncture (spinal tap): A sample of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), the fluid that bathes the brain and spinal cord, is obtained for study. After administration of a local anesthetic, a small needle is inserted in the space between the bones in the lower back where the CSF circulates below the spinal cord. A small amount of fluid is collected through the needle.
  • Eye exam and eye movement study: The pupils of the eye are dilated to examine the structures of the eyes. For the eye movement study a special contact lens is placed on the eye and the patient looks at a series of target light spots moving on a screen.
  • Hearing tests.
  • Electroretinography (in patients who can cooperate with the test) to measure the function of the retina. Before the test, the patient's pupils are dilated and an electrode (small silver disk) is taped to the forehead. The patient sits in a dark room for 30 minutes and then a special contact lens is placed on one eye after it has been numbed with drops. The contact lens senses small electrical signals generated by the retina when lights flash. During the ERG recording, the eye is stimulated with flashes of light projected inside a hollow sphere. After the test, a full eye exam is done and photographs of the retina are taken.
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): This test uses a magnetic field and radio waves to produce images of the brain and obtain information about brain chemicals. The patient lies on a table that can slide in and out of the scanner (a narrow cylinder), wearing earplugs to muffle loud knocking and thumping sounds that occur during the scanning process. Patients who cannot remain still in the scanner may be sedated for the test.
  • Psychometric testing: Patients complete questionnaires.
  • Photographs of the patient may be taken for use in teaching sessions or scientific presentations or publications, with the patient's consent. Patients may be recognizable, but are not identified by name.
  • Pregnancy test in all female patients over 10 years of age at the beginning of each admission to the Clinical Center.
Read the detailed description

Niemann-Pick type C disease (NPC) is an autosomal recessive, lysosomal storage disorder characterized by accumulation of cholesterol and gangliosides. NPC is a rare (estimated prevalence of 1:120,000-150,000) neurodegenerative disorder with a wide clinical spectrum and a variable age of onset. Classically, children with NPC demonstrate neurological dysfunction with cerebellar ataxia, dysarthria, seizures, vertical gaze palsy, motor impairment, dysphagia, psychotic episodes, and progressive dementia. In general, adolescent and adult onset forms have a more insidious onset and slower progression.

There is no effective treatment for NPC and it is a lethal disorder. A major impediment to the testing of therapeutic interventions is the lack of well-defined outcome measures. The purpose of this protocol is to obtain both baseline and rate of progression data on clinical and biochemical markers that may later be used as an outcome measure in a clinical trial.

03

Conditions studied

  • Niemann-Pick Disease, Type C

Keywords

  • Lysosomal Storage
  • Biomarkers
  • Longitudinal
  • Natural History
  • Niemann Pick Type C
  • NPC
  • Lysosomal Storage Disorder
04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
1 Day to 120 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
Yes
Sampling method
Non-probability sample

Study population

Patients of any age with Niemann-Pick type C

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

Affected Subjects

The following individuals may be enrolled as in this study:

  • All patients with a diagnosis of NPC, based on clinical presentation, biochemical, or molecular.
  • Both NPC1 and NPC2 patients.
  • Patients of any age
  • Males or females
  • Any ethnic background

Exclusion criteria

EXCLUSION CRITERIA:

Individuals will not be enrolled in this study if:

  • They cannot travel to the NIH because of their medical condition or are too ill to be cared for at home.
  • They have rapidly progressive neonatal cholestasis.
  • They are pregnant (a negative urine pregnancy test will be required for any menstruating female before participation in this study and at each NIH Clinical Center admission).

Unaffected Subjects

Individuals may be enrolled for data and biospecimen collection if:

  • They are a known NPC1 or NPC2 heterozygote and consent to specimen collection (as specified in the protocol) from the carrier population.
  • There is no diagnosis or suspicion of NPC disease, and consent is provided to be included in the control or caregiver population.

Individuals will not be enrolled for biospecimen collection if:

  • Consent is not provided
  • They have a to the method of specimen collection

    • Patients will be excluded from the MRI section of the study if they have a contraindication to MRI or if they do not meet the safety criteria established by the NIH Clinical Center radiology department for MRI scanning.
Terms in these criteria, in plain language(1)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

Contraindication

A reason a treatment, test or procedure should not be given to a particular person, such as an allergy, another illness or a medicine they take.

05

Study design

Observational model
Cohort
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrollment
900 participants (estimated)

Groups and cohorts

  • Healthy Volunteers

    Volunteers may be of varying age, with no contraindication to collection of biospecimen.

  • Patients with a diagnosis of Niemann-Pick type C (NPC) of either sex and any age

    Participants may range from neurologically asymptomatic to severe and may have liver disease or unrelated comorbidities, but must be stable enough to safely travel and tolerate medical evaluations.

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Plasma Oxysterols

    Oxysterols such as 24S-hydroxycholesterol, 25-hydroxycholesterol, and 27-hydroxycholesterol are derived from cholesterol and play a role in cholesterol homeostasis. No data is available on endogenous oxysterol levels in NPC patients. We plan to measure oxysterol levels in both serum and CSF and correlate these levels with disease status and progression.

    Time frame: Ad Hoc

  2. Clinical & Biochemical Markers

    Identify a clinical and/or biochemical marker that can be used as a therapeutic outcome measure for NPC.

    Time frame: Ad Hoc

  3. Define Rate of Progression

    Define rate of progression of biochemical marker abnormalities in \<TAB\>NPC patients for future therapeutic indication.

    Time frame: Ad Hoc

07

Study locations

1 of 1 sites recruiting
  • National Institutes of Health Clinical Center
    Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
    Recruiting
08

References and documents

Publications

  • Solomon BI, Smith AC, Sinaii N, Farhat N, King MC, Machielse L, Porter FD. Association of Miglustat With Swallowing Outcomes in Niemann-Pick Disease, Type C1. JAMA Neurol. 2020 Dec 1;77(12):1564-1568. doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2020.3241. PubMed 32897301 ↗
  • Solomon BI, Munoz AM, Borruso A, Sinaii N, Farhat N, Alexander D, Labor DA, Do AD, Porter FD. Aspiration and silent aspiration in Niemann-Pick disease type C1: longitudinal findings from the NIH natural history study. Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2026 Aug 22;21(1):312. doi: 10.1186/s13023-026-04543-8. PubMed 42693440 ↗
  • Singhal K, Menold MT, Cawley NX, Campbell K, Farhat NY, Alexander D, Dale RK, Porter FD. Identification of serum protein biomarkers in individuals with Niemann-Pick disease, type C1. Biomark Res. 2026 May 9;14(1):63. doi: 10.1186/s40364-026-00927-x. PubMed 42106890 ↗
  • Singhal K, Menold MT, Cawley NX, Campbell K, Farhat NY, Alexander D, Dale RK, Porter FD. Identification of serum protein biomarkers in individuals with Niemann-Pick disease, type C1. Res Sq [Preprint]. 2026 Feb 23:rs.3.rs-8833559. doi: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-8833559/v1. PubMed 42052237 ↗
  • Singhal K, Menold MT, Cawley NX, Campbell K, Farhat NY, Alexander D, Dale RK, Porter FD. Identification of serum protein biomarkers in individuals with Niemann-Pick disease, type C1. medRxiv [Preprint]. 2026 Jan 18:2026.01.12.26343721. doi: 10.64898/2026.01.12.26343721. PubMed 41742944 ↗
  • Farmer C, Lewis M, Farhat N, Robbins KP, Joseph L, Albert OK, Bianconi S, Hoffmann A, Giserman-Kiss I, Alexander DM, Thurm A, Porter FD, Kravis EB. Convergent Validity of the Fine Motor, Speech, and Cognitive Domains of the 5-Domain Niemann-Pick Disease Type C Clinical Severity Scale. J Child Neurol. 2026 Jan;41(1):43-53. doi: 10.1177/08830738251346348. Epub 2025 Jun 17. PubMed 40525490 ↗
  • Solomon BI, Munoz AM, Sinaii N, Mohamed H, Farhat NM, Alexander D, Do AD, Porter FD. Swallowing characterization of adult-onset Niemann-Pick, type C1 patients. Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2024 Jun 11;19(1):231. doi: 10.1186/s13023-024-03241-7. PubMed 38863022 ↗
  • Campbell K, Cawley NX, Luke R, Scott KEJ, Johnson N, Farhat NY, Alexander D, Wassif CA, Li W, Cologna SM, Berry-Kravis E, Do AD, Dale RK, Porter FD. Identification of cerebral spinal fluid protein biomarkers in Niemann-Pick disease, type C1. Biomark Res. 2023 Jan 31;11(1):14. doi: 10.1186/s40364-023-00448-x. PubMed 36721240 ↗
  • Solomon BI, Munoz AM, Sinaii N, Farhat NM, Smith AC, Bianconi S, Dang Do A, Backman MC, Machielse L, Porter FD. Phenotypic expression of swallowing function in Niemann-Pick disease type C1. Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2022 Sep 5;17(1):342. doi: 10.1186/s13023-022-02472-w. PubMed 36064725 ↗
  • Thurm A, Chlebowski C, Joseph L, Farmer C, Adedipe D, Weiss M, Wiggs E, Farhat N, Bianconi S, Berry-Kravis E, Porter FD. Neurodevelopmental Characterization of Young Children Diagnosed with Niemann-Pick Disease, Type C1. J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2020 Jun/Jul;41(5):388-396. doi: 10.1097/DBP.0000000000000785. PubMed 32073546 ↗

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No — Data from this study will be coded and shared in aggregate.

09

Timeline

2 registry updates since Sep 25, 2026

Started Aug 2006 (actual).

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Jun 23, 2006
First posted
Jun 26, 2006
StartActual
Aug 14, 2006
Last update
Nov 12, 2026
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
Publications
1 publication citing this study linked from PubMed, e.g. PubMed 42693440 ↗
Nov 12, 2026
Show all 2 updates
  1. Nov 12, 2026
    Publications 1 publication citing this study linked from PubMed, e.g. PubMed 42693440 ↗
    + 1 other change: verification date
  2. Oct 16, 2026
    Minor edits only
    + 1 other change: verification date

From the registry record's own update history. This site started tracking changes on Sep 25, 2026; for anything earlier, see the record history on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT00344331
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Jun 26, 2006
Start date
Aug 14, 2006
Last update
Nov 12, 2026

Study contacts

Derek M Alexander
Contact
derek.alexander@nih.gov
(301) 827-0387
Forbes D Porter, M.D.
Contact
fdporter@mail.nih.gov
(301) 435-4432
Forbes D Porter, M.D.
principal investigator · Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD)

Oversight

FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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