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CompletedNCT00182390Updated Sep 24, 2015

Premature Infants in Need of Transfusion (PINT)

A Phase 3 interventional study of Red blood cell transfusion in Anemia of Prematurity, sponsored by McMaster University. Completed at 10 sites in 3 countries. Open to participants aged Up to 48 Hours. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2015-09-24.

Sponsored by McMaster University · Phase 3, Interventional, and Treatment

Phase
Phase 3
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
424
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
Up to 48 Hours
Sex
All
01

Study summary

Hypothesis: That a high hemoglobin threshold for transfusion in extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants is associated with a lower rate of survival without severe morbidity (defined as one or more of retinopathy of prematurity, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, or periventricular leukomalacia/ventriculomegaly).

Primary Objective: To determine whether either a liberal or more restrictive threshold of hemoglobin level for red cell transfusion in ELBW infants is safer, by randomizing to either a high transfusion hemoglobin threshold or a low transfusion hemoglobin threshold.

Follow-up at a corrected age of 18 months represents a conventional age at which to first assess neurodevelopmental outcomes, and to predict long-term outcomes.

02

Conditions studied

  • Anemia of Prematurity

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Keywords

  • ELBW premature infants
  • neonatal transfusion
  • bronchopulmonary dysplasia
  • periventricular leukomalacia
  • ventriculomegaly
  • retinopathy of prematurity
03

In context

Premature Birth

2,554 studies on the registry are indexed under Premature Birth; 498 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 424 is above the median of 84 across 1,689 interventional studies indexed under Premature Birth.

Browse Premature Birth studies →

Lead sponsor

McMaster University is the lead sponsor of 720 studies on the registry; 124 are open to participants now.

Of its 6 completed or terminated interventional studies of FDA-regulated products, 2 (33%) have results posted.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
Up to 48 Hours
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Inclusion criteria

  • birth weight \<1000g
  • postnatal age \<48 hours
  • no transfusion beyond first 6 hours of life
  • estimated gestational age of 30 completed weeks or less

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • infant considered non-viable by attending physician
  • infant has cyanotic congenital heart disease
  • infant's parents known to be opposed to blood transfusion
  • either parent has hemoglobinopathies or congenital anemias
  • infant has hemolytic disease
  • infant has severe acute hemorrhage, severe shock, severe sepsis with coagulopathy or requires peri-operative transfusion
  • prior treatment with or intention to treat with erythropoietin
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Study design

Phase
Phase 3
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
424 participants

Interventions

  • ProcedureRed blood cell transfusion
06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Combined mortality or survival to tertiary hospital discharge without severe morbidity (BPD, severe ROP or brain injury)

    Time frame: neonatal phase

  2. Combined mortality or survival with neurodevelopmental disability (non-ambulatory cerebral palsy, blindness, deafness, cognitive delay)

    Time frame: follow-up phase 18 months corrected age

Secondary outcomes

  1. growth in weight and head circumference

    Time frame: neonatal phase

  2. time to extubation

    Time frame: neonatal phase

  3. time on oxygen

    Time frame: neonatal phase

  4. length of hospital stay until discharge home

    Time frame: neonatal phase

  5. confirmed necrotizing enterocolitis

    Time frame: neonatal phase

  6. apnea requiring treatment

    Time frame: neonatal phase

  7. culture-proven infections

    Time frame: neonatal phase

  8. use of post-natal steroids

    Time frame: neonatal phase

  9. mean levels of hemoglobin

    Time frame: neonatal phase

  10. number of transfusions

    Time frame: neonatal phase

  11. number of donor exposures

    Time frame: neonatal phase

  12. serum ferritin levels

    Time frame: neonatal phase

  13. milder forms of cerebral palsy

    Time frame: follow-up phase 18 months corrected age

  14. milder neurologic disorder

    Time frame: follow-up phase 18 months corrected age

  15. personal and social functional capabilities

    Time frame: follow-up phase 18 months corrected age

  16. hydrocephalus requiring a shunt

    Time frame: follow-up phase 18 months corrected age

  17. seizure disorder

    Time frame: follow-up phase 18 months corrected age

  18. respiratory disease

    Time frame: follow-up phase 18 months corrected age

  19. iron nutritional status

    Time frame: follow-up phase 18 months corrected age

  20. physical growth including head size

    Time frame: follow-up phase 18 months corrected age

07

Study locations

10 sites
  • Albany Medical Center
    Albany, New York 12208, United States
  • Brooklyn Hospital Center
    Brooklyn, New York 11201, United States
  • Royal Women's Hospital
    Melbourne, Victoria 3053, Australia
  • Mercy Hospital for Women
    Melbourne, Victoria 3084, Australia
  • Royal Alexandra Hospital
    Edmonton, Alberta T5H 3T9, Canada
  • IWK Health Centre
    Halifax, Nova Scotia B3P 1R8, Canada
  • McMaster University
    Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4J9, Canada
  • Kingston General Hospital
    Kingston, Ontario K7L 2V7, Canada
  • Sunnybrook & Women's College Health Science Centre
    Toronto, Ontario M5S 1B2, Canada
  • Royal Victoria Hospital
    Montreal, Quebec H3A 1A1, Canada
08

References and documents

Publications

  • Kirpalani H, Whyte RK, Andersen C, Asztalos EV, Heddle N, Blajchman MA, Peliowski A, Rios A, LaCorte M, Connelly R, Barrington K, Roberts RS. The Premature Infants in Need of Transfusion (PINT) study: a randomized, controlled trial of a restrictive (low) versus liberal (high) transfusion threshold for extremely low birth weight infants. J Pediatr. 2006 Sep;149(3):301-307. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2006.05.011. PubMed 16939737 ↗
  • Whyte RK, Kirpalani H, Asztalos EV, Andersen C, Blajchman M, Heddle N, LaCorte M, Robertson CM, Clarke MC, Vincer MJ, Doyle LW, Roberts RS; PINTOS Study Group. Neurodevelopmental outcome of extremely low birth weight infants randomly assigned to restrictive or liberal hemoglobin thresholds for blood transfusion. Pediatrics. 2009 Jan;123(1):207-13. doi: 10.1542/peds.2008-0338. PubMed 19117884 ↗
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Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Sep 24, 2015, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT00182390
Lead sponsor
McMaster University
Collaborators
Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR)
First posted
Sep 16, 2005
Start date
Feb 2001
Primary completion
Feb 2003
Completion
Nov 2005
Last update
Sep 24, 2015

Study contacts

Haresh Kirpalani, MD, MSc
principal investigator · McMaster University
Robin K Whyte, MD
principal investigator · Dalhousie University
Robin S Roberts, MTech
study director · McMaster University
Elizabeth Asztalos, MD, MSc
study director · Sunnybrook & Women's College Health Sciences Centre
Chad Andersen, MD
study director · Mercy Hospital for Women
Morris Blajchman, PhD
study director · McMaster University
Nancy Heddle, MSc
study director · McMaster University
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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