CClinicalTrials.gg
CompletedNCT00168428Updated Nov 18, 2013Results posted

A Study Using Botulinum Toxin Type A as Headache Prophylaxis for Migraine Patients With Frequent Headaches

A Phase 3 interventional study of Botulinum Toxin Type A and placebo (saline) in Migraine Disorders, sponsored by Allergan. Completed at 6 sites in 6 countries. Open to participants aged 18 Years to 65 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2013-11-18.

Sponsored by Allergan · Phase 3, Interventional, and Treatment

Phase
Phase 3
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
705
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years to 65 Years
Sex
All
01

Study summary

This is a 60 week study including a double-blind phase followed by an open-label phase.

02

Conditions studied

  • Migraine Disorders

Browse trials for

03

In context

Migraine Disorders

1,528 studies on the registry are indexed under Migraine Disorders; 299 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 705 is above the median of 80 across 1,175 interventional studies indexed under Migraine Disorders.

Browse Migraine Disorders studies →

Lead sponsor

Allergan is the lead sponsor of 499 studies on the registry; none are open to participants now.

Of its 91 completed or terminated interventional studies of FDA-regulated products, 89 (98%) have results posted.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years to 65 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Inclusion criteria

  • Frequent migraine (>=15 headache days per month)
  • >=4 distinct headache episodes lasting >=4 hours
  • >=50% of baseline headache days migraine/probable migraine days

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Previous use of botulinum toxin of any serotype or immunization to any botulinum toxin serotype
  • Any medical condition that puts the patient at increased risk with exposure to BOTOX
  • Diagnosis of complicated migraine, chronic tension-type headache, hypnic headache, hemicrania continua, new daily persistent headache
  • Use of prophylactic headache medication within 28 days prior to week -4
  • Unremitting headache lasting continuously throughout the 4-week baseline period
  • Known or suspected TMD
  • Diagnosis of fibromyalgia
  • Beck depression inventory score >24 at week-4
  • Psychiatric problems that may have interfered with study participation
05

Study design

Phase
Phase 3
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
Double (Participant, Investigator)
Enrollment
705 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    botulinum toxin Type A

    Two treatment sessions in the double-blind phase and three treatment sessions in the open-label extension phase. Total minimum dose is 155 U with 31 fixed-site, fixed dose injections across seven specific head/neck muscle areas with the total maximum dose of 195 U with 39 head/neck injections.

    Biological: Botulinum Toxin Type A

  • Placebo comparator
    Placebo (saline)

    Two treatment sessions in the double-blind phase. Total minimum dose in 155 U with 31 fixed-site, fixed dose injections across seven specific head/neck muscle areas and the total maximum dose is 195 U with 39 head/neck injections.

    Other: placebo (saline)

Interventions

  • BiologicalBotulinum Toxin Type A

    Two treatment sessions in the double-blind phase and three treatment sessions in the open-label phase. Total minimum dose is 155 U with 31 fixed-site, fixed dose injections across seven specific head/neck muscle areas with the total maximum dose of 195 U with 39 head/neck injections.

    Also known as: BOTOX®

  • Otherplacebo (saline)

    Two treatment sessions in the double-blind phase. Total minimum dose in 155 U with 31 fixed-site, fixed dose injections across seven specific head/neck muscle areas and the total maximum dose is 195 U with 39 head/neck injections.

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Change in Frequency of Headache Days

    Mean change from baseline in frequency (number) of headache days during the 28 day period ending with Week 24. Headache day defined as a calendar day \[00:00 to 23:59\] for which the patient reported \>= 4 continuous hours of headache.

    Time frame: Baseline, Week 24

Secondary outcomes

  1. Change in Total Cumulative Hours of Headache Occurring on Headache Days

    Mean change from baseline in total cumulative hours of headache occurring on headache days during the 28 day period ending with Week 24. Headache day defined as a calendar day \[00:00 to 23:59\] when the patient reported \>= 4 continuous hours of headache.

    Time frame: Baseline, Week 24

  2. Change in Frequency of Moderate/Severe Headache Days

    Mean change from baseline in frequency (number) of moderate/severe headache days during the 28 day period ending with Week 24. Those calendar days with \>= 4 continuous hours of headache were selected. As per the patient diary, all headache episodes occurring during those days with a maximum severity of moderate or severe were counted.

    Time frame: Baseline, Week 24

  3. Change in Frequency of Migraine/Probable Migraine Headache Days

    Mean change from baseline in frequency (number) of migraine/probable migraine headache days during the 28 day period ending with Week 24. Headache day defined as a calendar day with \>= 4 continuous hours of headache meeting the ICHD-II criteria for migraine or probable migraine.

    Time frame: Baseline, Week 24

  4. Change in Frequency of Headache Episodes

    Mean change from baseline in frequency (number) of headache episodes during the 28 day period ending with Week 24. Headache episode defined as patient-reported headache with a start and stop time indicating that the pain lasted \>= 4 continuous hours.

    Time frame: Baseline, Week 24

  5. Percentage of Patients With Severe HIT-6 Impact Category Scores

    Percentage of patients with a severe (60-78) score on the Headache Impact Test (HIT-6) Questionnaire during the 28 day period, ending with Week 24. The HIT-6 consisted of 6 questions about headache and impact on the patient's health and well-being. Answers for each question ranged from 6=Never, 8=Rarely, 10=Sometimes, 11=Very Often, and 13=Always. The total scores ranged from 36-49 (Little or No Impact), 50-55 (Some Impact), 56-59 (Substantial Impact) and 60-78 (Severe Impact).

    Time frame: Week 24

07

Results

Posted Dec 7, 2010

Participant flow

Double-Blind Phase (DB)
Participant flow — Double-Blind Phase (DB)
MilestoneBotulinum Toxin Type APlacebo (Saline)
Started347358
Completed311334
Not completed3624
Open-Label Phase (OL)
Participant flow — Open-Label Phase (OL)
MilestoneBotulinum Toxin Type APlacebo (Saline)
Started305329
Completed261261
Not completed4468

Outcome measures

PrimaryChange in Frequency of Headache Days

Mean change from baseline in frequency (number) of headache days during the 28 day period ending with Week 24. Headache day defined as a calendar day \[00:00 to 23:59\] for which the patient reported \>= 4 continuous hours of headache.

Time frame:
Baseline, Week 24
Reported as:
Mean · Headache Days
Change in Frequency of Headache Days
Headache DaysBotulinum Toxin Type APlacebo (Saline)
Baseline19.9 ± 3.6319.7 ± 3.65
Change from Baseline at Week 24-9.0 ± 6.54-6.7 ± 6.67
SecondaryChange in Total Cumulative Hours of Headache Occurring on Headache Days

Mean change from baseline in total cumulative hours of headache occurring on headache days during the 28 day period ending with Week 24. Headache day defined as a calendar day \[00:00 to 23:59\] when the patient reported \>= 4 continuous hours of headache.

Time frame:
Baseline, Week 24
Reported as:
Mean · Hours
Change in Total Cumulative Hours of Headache Occurring on Headache Days
HoursBotulinum Toxin Type APlacebo (Saline)
Baseline296.18 ± 121.043287.20 ± 118.089
Change from Baseline at Week 24-132.41 ± 130.216-90.01 ± 133.758
SecondaryChange in Frequency of Moderate/Severe Headache Days

Mean change from baseline in frequency (number) of moderate/severe headache days during the 28 day period ending with Week 24. Those calendar days with \>= 4 continuous hours of headache were selected. As per the patient diary, all headache episodes occurring during those days with a maximum severity of moderate or severe were counted.

Time frame:
Baseline, Week 24
Reported as:
Mean · Moderate/Severe Headache Days
Change in Frequency of Moderate/Severe Headache Days
Moderate/Severe Headache DaysBotulinum Toxin Type APlacebo (Saline)
Baseline18.1 ± 4.0317.7 ± 4.26
Change from Baseline at Week 24-8.3 ± 6.37-5.8 ± 6.59
SecondaryChange in Frequency of Migraine/Probable Migraine Headache Days

Mean change from baseline in frequency (number) of migraine/probable migraine headache days during the 28 day period ending with Week 24. Headache day defined as a calendar day with \>= 4 continuous hours of headache meeting the ICHD-II criteria for migraine or probable migraine.

Time frame:
Baseline, Week 24
Reported as:
Mean · Migraine/Probable Migraine Headache Days
Change in Frequency of Migraine/Probable Migraine Headache Days
Migraine/Probable Migraine Headache DaysBotulinum Toxin Type APlacebo (Saline)
Baseline19.2 ± 3.9418.7 ± 4.05
Change from Baseline at Week 24-8.7 ± 6.64-6.3 ± 6.71
SecondaryChange in Frequency of Headache Episodes

Mean change from baseline in frequency (number) of headache episodes during the 28 day period ending with Week 24. Headache episode defined as patient-reported headache with a start and stop time indicating that the pain lasted \>= 4 continuous hours.

Time frame:
Baseline, Week 24
Reported as:
Mean · Headache Episodes
Change in Frequency of Headache Episodes
Headache EpisodesBotulinum Toxin Type APlacebo (Saline)
Baseline12.0 ± 5.2712.7 ± 5.29
Change from Baseline at Week 24-5.3 ± 5.12-4.6 ± 4.84
SecondaryPercentage of Patients With Severe HIT-6 Impact Category Scores

Percentage of patients with a severe (60-78) score on the Headache Impact Test (HIT-6) Questionnaire during the 28 day period, ending with Week 24. The HIT-6 consisted of 6 questions about headache and impact on the patient's health and well-being. Answers for each question ranged from 6=Never, 8=Rarely, 10=Sometimes, 11=Very Often, and 13=Always. The total scores ranged from 36-49 (Little or No Impact), 50-55 (Some Impact), 56-59 (Substantial Impact) and 60-78 (Severe Impact).

Time frame:
Week 24
Reported as:
Number · Percentage of Patients
Percentage of Patients With Severe HIT-6 Impact Category Scores
Percentage of PatientsBotulinum Toxin Type APlacebo (Saline)
Percentage of Patients With Severe HIT-6 Impact Category Scores66.376.5

Adverse events

Non-serious events are listed at a 5% frequency threshold.

Adverse event summary by group
GroupDeathsSeriousOther
Botulinum Toxin Type A—33/676 (4.9%)195/676 (28.8%)
Placebo (Saline)—8/358 (2.2%)34/358 (9.5%)
Most frequent serious events
Showing 10 of 39
Most frequent serious events
EventBotulinum Toxin Type APlacebo (Saline)
MigraineNervous system disorders4/6761/358
PneumoniaInfections and infestations3/6761/358
Breast cancerNeoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)3/6760/358
Uterine leiomyomaNeoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)2/6760/358
DepressionPsychiatric disorders2/6760/358
CholelithiasisHepatobiliary disorders0/6761/358
EndometriosisReproductive system and breast disorders0/6761/358
GastroenteritisInfections and infestations0/6761/358
Intervertebral disc protrusionMusculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders0/6761/358
Papillary thyroid cancerNeoplasms benign, malignant and unspecified (incl cysts and polyps)0/6761/358
Most frequent other events
Most frequent other events
EventBotulinum Toxin Type APlacebo (Saline)
Neck painMusculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders61/6768/358
NasopharyngitisInfections and infestations47/67614/358
Muscular weaknessMusculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders47/6762/358
SinusitisInfections and infestations40/67610/358

Baseline characteristics

Age, Customized
Age, Customized(participants)Botulinum Toxin Type APlacebo (Saline)Total
< 40 years149160309
>= 40 years198198396
Sex: Female, Male
Sex: Female, Male(Participants)Botulinum Toxin Type APlacebo (Saline)Total
Female299303602
Male4855103
08

Study locations

6 sites
  • Walnut Creek, California, United States
  • Calgary, Alberta, Canada
  • Zagreb, Croatia
  • Essen, Germany
  • Zurich, Switzerland
  • London, United Kingdom
09

References and documents

Publications

  • Diener HC, Dodick DW, Lipton RB, Manack Adams A, DeGryse RE, Silberstein SD. Benefits Beyond Headache Days With OnabotulinumtoxinA Treatment: A Pooled PREEMPT Analysis. Pain Ther. 2020 Dec;9(2):683-694. doi: 10.1007/s40122-020-00198-w. Epub 2020 Oct 7. PubMed 33026631 ↗
  • Silberstein SD, Diener HC, Dodick DW, Manack Adams A, DeGryse RE, Lipton RB. The Impact of OnabotulinumtoxinA vs. Placebo on Efficacy Outcomes in Headache Day Responder and Nonresponder Patients with Chronic Migraine. Pain Ther. 2020 Dec;9(2):695-707. doi: 10.1007/s40122-020-00199-9. Epub 2020 Oct 7. PubMed 33026630 ↗
  • Dodick DW, Silberstein SD, Lipton RB, DeGryse RE, Adams AM, Diener HC. Early onset of effect of onabotulinumtoxinA for chronic migraine treatment: Analysis of PREEMPT data. Cephalalgia. 2019 Jul;39(8):945-956. doi: 10.1177/0333102418825382. Epub 2019 May 21. PubMed 31112399 ↗
  • Silberstein SD, Dodick DW, Aurora SK, Diener HC, DeGryse RE, Lipton RB, Turkel CC. Per cent of patients with chronic migraine who responded per onabotulinumtoxinA treatment cycle: PREEMPT. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2015 Sep;86(9):996-1001. doi: 10.1136/jnnp-2013-307149. Epub 2014 Dec 12. PubMed 25500317 ↗
  • Rendas-Baum R, Yang M, Varon SF, Bloudek LM, DeGryse RE, Kosinski M. Validation of the Headache Impact Test (HIT-6) in patients with chronic migraine. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2014 Aug 1;12:117. doi: 10.1186/s12955-014-0117-0. PubMed 25080874 ↗
  • Aurora SK, Winner P, Freeman MC, Spierings EL, Heiring JO, DeGryse RE, VanDenburgh AM, Nolan ME, Turkel CC. OnabotulinumtoxinA for treatment of chronic migraine: pooled analyses of the 56-week PREEMPT clinical program. Headache. 2011 Oct;51(9):1358-73. doi: 10.1111/j.1526-4610.2011.01990.x. Epub 2011 Aug 29. PubMed 21883197 ↗
  • Dodick DW, Turkel CC, DeGryse RE, Aurora SK, Silberstein SD, Lipton RB, Diener HC, Brin MF; PREEMPT Chronic Migraine Study Group. OnabotulinumtoxinA for treatment of chronic migraine: pooled results from the double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled phases of the PREEMPT clinical program. Headache. 2010 Jun;50(6):921-36. doi: 10.1111/j.1526-4610.2010.01678.x. Epub 2010 May 7. PubMed 20487038 ↗
10

Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Nov 18, 2013, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
11

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT00168428
Lead sponsor
Allergan
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Sep 15, 2005
Start date
Mar 2006
Primary completion
Dec 2007
Completion
Aug 2008
Results posted
Dec 7, 2010
Last update
Nov 18, 2013

Study contacts

Medical Director
study director · Allergan
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is completed, as verified in Oct 2013. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

Follow this study

Get an email when the registry record changes — status, dates, results — or when someone posts here.

Sign in to follow

Discussion

Questions and observations about this study, from anyone following it. Not medical advice, and not a channel to the study team — their contact details are on the registry record.

Sign in to join the discussion. Reading takes no account; posting does. You choose a display name, and a pseudonym is the default.

Nothing here yet. If you are running this trial, taking part in it, or weighing whether to, this is the place to say so.

Start the discussion