An interventional study of Whole-Body Vibration Training in Obesity and Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, sponsored by Pamukkale University. Recruiting at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Open to female participants aged 18 Years to 65 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-11-09.
Sponsored by Pamukkale University · Not applicable, Interventional, and Treatment
This study will examine changes in ankle muscle activity and functional performance following whole-body vibration training in women with obesity, with and without type 2 diabetes. It will also compare the responses to training between these two groups.
Participants will attend supervised training twice a week for eight weeks. During training, they will perform exercises on a platform that produces mechanical vibrations. The exercises will progress gradually and will be adapted to each participant's abilities and tolerance. Each session will include warm-up and cool-down exercises.
Before and after the training program, researchers will assess muscle activity during normal walking, heel-to-toe walking, and standing with one foot directly in front of the other. Small sensors placed on the skin will record activity from three muscles around each ankle. Walking and functional performance will also be assessed.
The study aims to help researchers understand whether women with obesity with and without type 2 diabetes show different changes in muscle activity and functional performance after the same training program.
This study will be conducted at Pamukkale University to investigate responses to an eight-week whole-body vibration training program in women with obesity, with and without type 2 diabetes. The study will evaluate changes from baseline to the end of training and compare these changes between groups defined by diabetes status.
The neuromuscular assessment will include bilateral recordings from the tibialis anterior, soleus, and medial gastrocnemius muscles. Evaluating both ankle dorsiflexors and plantar flexors during walking and balance tasks will provide information about muscle activation under different functional demands.
Surface electromyography will be recorded using a wireless, multichannel system during level walking, tandem walking, and tandem standing. Electrode placement, skin preparation, testing positions, rest intervals, and signal processing procedures will be standardized. Muscle activation amplitudes will be normalized to muscle- and side-specific maximal voluntary isometric contraction reference values. Three valid trials will be obtained for each functional task.
Whole-body vibration training will be delivered using a side-alternating platform under physiotherapist supervision, twice weekly for eight weeks. The program will progress through three stages covering weeks 1-2, 3-5, and 6-8. Exercise-specific vibration settings and application durations will follow the approved protocol. Exercise position, range of motion, support, and rest periods will be adapted to the participant's functional capacity and tolerance within the protocol limits. Sessions will include walking for warm-up and mat-based exercises for cool-down.
The Borg 6-20 Rating of Perceived Exertion scale will be administered at the end of each session to monitor overall perceived effort and guide subsequent exercise adjustments. Attendance, individual adaptations, and any adverse events will be recorded.
Assessments will be performed before and after the eight-week intervention. Five individuals previously participated in preliminary procedures to refine the assessment and intervention protocols. These individuals were not enrolled in the main study, and their data will not be included in the main study analysis.
11,522 studies on the registry are indexed under Obesity; 2,033 are open to participants now.
This study's planned enrollment of 30 is below the median of 67 across 9,006 interventional studies indexed under Obesity.
Browse Obesity studies →Pamukkale University is the lead sponsor of 342 studies on the registry; 61 are open to participants now.
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Exclusion Criteria:
Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Weight in kilograms divided by height in metres squared. Example: 70 kg and 1.75 m gives 70 ÷ (1.75 × 1.75) ≈ 22.9.
What counts as overweight or obesity differs between countries (some use lower cut-offs), so go by the range the study states.
Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.
You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.
BMI (body mass index)
Weight in kilograms divided by height in metres squared. Example: 70 kg and 1.75 m gives 70 ÷ (1.75 × 1.75) ≈ 22.9.
What counts as overweight or obesity differs between countries (some use lower cut-offs), so go by the range the study states.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Informed consent
Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.
You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Women with obesity and type 2 diabetes will receive supervised whole-body vibration training twice weekly for eight weeks, totaling 16 sessions. Training will be delivered using a side-alternating vibration platform and will progress through three stages: weeks 1-2, 3-5, and 6-8. Each session will include a walking warm-up, platform-based exercises, and mat-based cool-down exercises. Exercises will be adapted to participants' functional capacity and tolerance within the protocol limits. Perceived exertion will be recorded using the Borg 6-20 scale after each session. Assessments will be performed before and after the intervention.
Device: Whole-Body Vibration Training
Women with obesity without type 2 diabetes will receive the same supervised whole-body vibration training program as participants with type 2 diabetes, twice weekly for eight weeks, totaling 16 sessions. Training will be delivered using a side-alternating vibration platform and will progress through three stages: weeks 1-2, 3-5, and 6-8. Each session will include a walking warm-up, platform-based exercises, and mat-based cool-down exercises. Exercises will be adapted to participants' functional capacity and tolerance within the protocol limits. Perceived exertion will be recorded using the Borg 6-20 scale after each session. Assessments will be performed before and after the intervention.
Device: Whole-Body Vibration Training
Supervised whole-body vibration training will be delivered using a Hypervibe G14 Home V3 side-alternating platform twice weekly for eight weeks (16 sessions). The program comprises three stages: weeks 1-2, 3-5, and 6-8. Exercise-specific frequencies range from 6 to 30 Hz. Planned active vibration exposure per session is 12 minutes, 10.5 minutes, and 15.5 minutes across the three stages, respectively. Sessions include a 5-minute walking warm-up, platform-based exercises and vibration massage, followed by mat-based cool-down exercises. Exercise position, range of motion, support, duration, and rest will be adapted to participant tolerance within protocol limits. Borg 6-20 ratings will be recorded after each session, with a target perceived exertion of 12-14 guiding subsequent adjustments. Both groups will receive the same protocol.
Change in Tibialis Anterior Muscle Activation
Bilateral tibialis anterior muscle activation will be measured using surface electromyography during level walking, tandem walking, and tandem standing. Root mean square (RMS) amplitudes will be normalized to the corresponding muscle- and side-specific maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) reference and expressed as %MVIC. For each side and task, both mean and maximum normalized RMS amplitudes will be calculated for each valid trial and averaged separately across three valid trials. Mean and maximum amplitudes will be analyzed separately; no composite score will be calculated. Changes will be calculated as the post-intervention value minus the corresponding baseline value and expressed in percentage points of MVIC. Right and left sides and the three tasks will be evaluated separately.
Time frame: Baseline and after completion of the 8-week intervention
Change in Soleus Muscle Activation
Bilateral soleus muscle activation will be measured using surface electromyography during level walking, tandem walking, and tandem standing. Root mean square (RMS) amplitudes will be normalized to the corresponding muscle- and side-specific maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) reference and expressed as %MVIC. For each side and task, both mean and maximum normalized RMS amplitudes will be calculated for each valid trial and averaged separately across three valid trials. Mean and maximum amplitudes will be analyzed separately; no composite score will be calculated. Changes will be calculated as the post-intervention value minus the corresponding baseline value and expressed in percentage points of MVIC. Right and left sides and the three tasks will be evaluated separately.
Time frame: Baseline and after completion of the 8-week intervention
Change in Medial Gastrocnemius Muscle Activation
Bilateral medial gastrocnemius muscle activation will be measured using surface electromyography during level walking, tandem walking, and tandem standing. Root mean square (RMS) amplitudes will be normalized to the corresponding muscle- and side-specific maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) reference and expressed as %MVIC. For each side and task, both mean and maximum normalized RMS amplitudes will be calculated for each valid trial and averaged separately across three valid trials. Mean and maximum amplitudes will be analyzed separately; no composite score will be calculated. Changes will be calculated as the post-intervention value minus the corresponding baseline value and expressed in percentage points of MVIC. Right and left sides and the three tasks will be evaluated separately.
Time frame: Baseline and after completion of the 8-week intervention
Change in Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument Questionnaire Score
Neuropathic symptoms will be assessed using the questionnaire section of the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument in women with obesity, with and without type 2 diabetes. The questionnaire contains 15 yes/no items, of which 13 contribute to the total score. Scores range from 0 to 13, with higher scores indicating more neuropathic symptoms. Change will be calculated as the post-intervention score minus the baseline score. Negative changes indicate fewer reported symptoms.
Time frame: Baseline and after completion of the 8-week intervention
Change in Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument Physical Examination Score
Peripheral neuropathy signs will be assessed using the physical examination section of the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument in women with obesity, with and without type 2 diabetes. Both feet will be examined for abnormal appearance, ulceration, ankle reflexes, vibration perception at the great toe, and monofilament sensation. The total score ranges from 0 to 10, with higher scores indicating more abnormal findings. Change will be calculated as the post-intervention score minus the baseline score. Negative changes indicate fewer clinical signs of neuropathy.
Time frame: Baseline and after completion of the 8-week intervention
Change in Timed Up and Go Test Performance
Functional mobility will be assessed using the Timed Up and Go test. The time required to rise from a chair, walk 3 meters, turn, return to the chair, and sit down will be recorded in seconds. Two trials will be performed at each assessment, and their mean completion time will be used for analysis. Lower values indicate better functional mobility. Change will be calculated as the post-intervention mean time minus the baseline mean time. Negative changes indicate improved performance.
Time frame: Baseline and after completion of the 8-week intervention
Change in Body Mass Index
Body mass index (BMI) will be calculated as body weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared and expressed in kg/m². Body weight will be measured using the Tanita BC-418 analyzer. Change will be calculated as post-intervention BMI minus baseline BMI.
Time frame: Baseline and after completion of the 8-week intervention
Change in Total Body Fat Percentage
Total body fat percentage will be estimated using the Tanita BC-418 segmental bioelectrical impedance analyzer under standardized measurement conditions. Values will be expressed as a percentage of total body weight. Change will be calculated as the post-intervention value minus the baseline value and expressed in percentage points. Negative changes indicate a reduction in body fat percentage.
Time frame: Baseline and after completion of the 8-week intervention
Change in Total Fat-Free Mass
Total fat-free mass will be estimated using the Tanita BC-418 segmental bioelectrical impedance analyzer under standardized measurement conditions and expressed in kilograms. Fat-free mass includes all non-fat body components and is not equivalent to skeletal muscle mass. Change will be calculated as post-intervention fat-free mass minus baseline fat-free mass.
Time frame: Baseline and after completion of the 8-week intervention
Change in Segmental Predicted Muscle Mass
Segmental predicted muscle mass will be estimated using the Tanita BC-418 segmental bioelectrical impedance analyzer under standardized measurement conditions. Device-derived estimates will be recorded in kilograms for the right arm, left arm, right leg, left leg, and trunk. Each segment will be evaluated separately. Change will be calculated as the post-intervention value minus the baseline value for each segment.
Time frame: Baseline and after completion of the 8-week intervention
Change in Body Weight
Body weight will be measured in kilograms using the Tanita BC-418 analyzer under standardized measurement conditions. Change will be calculated as post-intervention weight minus baseline weight. Negative values indicate a reduction in body weight.
Time frame: Baseline and after completion of the 8-week intervention
Plan to share: No — There is no current plan to share individual participant data.
No publications or documents are linked to this record.
From the registry record's own update history. This site started tracking changes on Sep 25, 2026; for anything earlier, see the record history on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
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