An interventional study of Point-of-View (POV) Video Modeling and irtual Reality (VR) Distraction in Dental Anxiety in Children, sponsored by Didem ATABEK. Recruiting at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Open to participants aged 6 Years to 10 Years, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-11-09.
Sponsored by Didem ATABEK · Not applicable, Interventional, and Other
Dental anxiety is common among children and may make dental treatment more difficult. This study aims to compare three non-pharmacological behavior guidance techniques for reducing dental anxiety and improving cooperation during invasive fissure sealant treatment in children aged 6-10 years.
Children who require an invasive fissure sealant on a mandibular first molar and meet the study eligibility criteria will be included. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of three groups. The first group will watch a 1.5-2-minute Point-of-View (POV) video showing the dental examination and treatment process from a child's perspective before the dental procedure. The second group will use virtual reality (VR) glasses during the procedure and watch age-appropriate animation or cartoon content as an active distraction technique. The control group will receive the standard Tell-Show-Do behavior guidance technique.
Dental anxiety, behavior, physiological responses, and pain will be assessed using the Children's Fear Survey Schedule-Dental Subscale (CFSS-DS), Facial Image Scale (FIS), Frankl Behavior Rating Scale, pulse rate, oxygen saturation, and Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale. A post-intervention satisfaction and experience questionnaire will also be administered to assess the children's experiences with the behavior guidance techniques.
The study is expected to provide comparative evidence regarding the effectiveness of POV video modeling and VR distraction compared with the standard Tell-Show-Do technique in managing dental anxiety and improving children's cooperation during dental treatment.
The Facial Image Scale (FIS) will be used to evaluate the child's anxiety at four predefined time points: while the child is waiting in the waiting area, after sitting in the dental unit before the behavior guidance technique, after application of the assigned behavior guidance technique, and after completion of the invasive fissure sealant procedure.
Pulse rate and oxygen saturation will also be recorded at the same four assessment time points using a pulse oximeter. The Frankl Behavior Rating Scale will be used to assess behavioral cooperation before and during the dental procedure. Immediately after completion of the invasive fissure sealant procedure, pain will be assessed using the Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale. A post-intervention satisfaction and experience questionnaire will also be administered to evaluate the child's experience and perceived comfort with the assigned behavior guidance technique.
This is the only study on the registry with Didem ATABEK as lead sponsor.
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Exclusion Criteria:
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You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.
Informed consent
Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.
You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Participants in this group will watch a 1.5-2-minute Point-of-View (POV) video before the dental procedure. The video presents the dental examination and treatment process from a child's perspective and is designed to familiarize the child with the dental procedure before invasive fissure sealant treatment.
Behavioral: Point-of-View (POV) Video Modeling
Participants in this group will use virtual reality (VR) glasses during the dental procedure. Age-appropriate animation or cartoon content will be presented through the VR glasses as an active distraction technique during invasive fissure sealant treatment.
Behavioral: irtual Reality (VR) Distraction
Participants in this group will receive the standard Tell-Show-Do behavior guidance technique before and during the invasive fissure sealant procedure. The child will be introduced to the dental procedure using the standard Tell-Show-Do approach.
Behavioral: Tell-Show-Do
Participants will watch a 1.5-2-minute Point-of-View (POV) video before the dental procedure. The video presents the dental examination and treatment process from a child's perspective and is intended to familiarize the child with the dental procedure before invasive fissure sealant treatment.
Participants will use virtual reality (VR) glasses during the dental procedure. Age-appropriate animation or cartoon content will be presented through the VR glasses as an active distraction technique during invasive fissure sealant treatment.
Participants in the control group will receive the standard Tell-Show-Do behavior guidance technique before and during the invasive fissure sealant procedure. The child will be introduced to the dental procedure using the standard Tell-Show-Do approach.
Facial Image Scale (FIS) Score
The Facial Image Scale (FIS) is a self-report measure used to assess dental anxiety in children. It consists of five facial images representing increasing levels of anxiety, scored from 1 to 5. A score of 1 indicates the least anxiety, whereas a score of 5 indicates the highest anxiety. Higher scores indicate greater dental anxiety and therefore a worse outcome. FIS scores will be recorded at five time points. During the first visit, the FIS will be administered within 1 minute after completion of the dental examination. During the second visit, which will take place 2 weeks after the initial visit, FIS scores will be recorded at four time points: (1) in the waiting area immediately before the dental examination; (2) within 1 minute after the child is seated in the dental chair; (3) within 1 minute after completion of the assigned behavior guidance technique and before dental treatment; and (4) within 1 minute after completion of the invasive fissure sealant procedure.
Time frame: Visit 1: Within 1 min after dental examination. Visit 2 (2 weeks later): (1) Before dental examination; (2) within 1 min after seating; (3) within 1 min after behavior guidance; (4) within 1 min after fissure sealant.
Children's Fear Survey Schedule-Dental Subscale (CFSS-DS) Score
Dental fear and anxiety will be assessed using the Children's Fear Survey Schedule-Dental Subscale (CFSS-DS), a 15-item scale scored from 15 to 75. Higher scores indicate greater dental fear and anxiety and a worse outcome. Scores are categorized as low (≤32), moderate (33-37), and high (≥38) dental anxiety. CFSS-DS scores will be recorded within 5 minutes after completion of the dental examination during the first visit and within 5 minutes after completion of the fissure sealant procedure during the second visit, which will take place 2 weeks after the initial visit.
Time frame: Visit 1: Within 5 min after dental examination. Visit 2 (2 weeks later): Within 5 min after fissure sealant procedure.
Frankl Behavior Rating Scale Score
The child's behavior will be assessed using the Frankl Behavior Rating Scale, which consists of four categories scored from 1 to 4: definitely negative (1), negative (2), positive (3), and definitely positive (4). Higher scores indicate more positive behavior and a better outcome.The child's behavior will be observed during the dental examination at the first visit and, at the second visit, during the dental examination before the behavior guidance technique and throughout the fissure sealant procedure, including at treatment completion. The second visit will take place 2 weeks after the initial visit.
Time frame: Visit 1: During the dental examination. Visit 2: Before the behavior guidance technique: during the dental examination; after the behavior guidance technique: Throughout the fissure sealant procedure, including at treatment completion.
Pulse Rate
Pulse rate (beats per minute, bpm) will be measured at four time points during the second visit: (1) in the waiting area immediately before the dental examination; (2) within 1 minute after the child is seated in the dental chair; (3) within 1 minute after completion of the assigned behavior guidance technique and before dental treatment; and (4) within 1 minute after completion of the invasive fissure sealant procedure.
Time frame: Visit 2: (1) In the waiting area, before dental examination; (2) within 1 min after seating in dental unit; (3) within 1 min after behavior guidance, before dental treatment; (4) within 1 min after fissure sealant.
Oxygen Saturation (SpO2)
Oxygen saturation (SpO₂), expressed as a percentage (%), will be measured at four time points during the second visit: (1) in the waiting area immediately before the dental examination; (2) within 1 minute after the child is seated in the dental chair; (3) within 1 minute after completion of the assigned behavior guidance technique and before dental treatment; and (4) within 1 minute after completion of the invasive fissure sealant procedure. Changes in SpO₂ will be evaluated across these time points.
Time frame: Visit 2: (1) In the waiting area, before dental examination; (2) within 1 min after seating in dental unit; (3) within 1 min after behavior guidance, before dental treatment; (4) within 1 min after fissure sealant.
Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale Score
Pain intensity will be assessed using the Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale, scored from 0 to 10 in increments of 2 (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10). A score of 0 indicates no pain, while 10 indicates the worst pain. Higher scores indicate greater pain intensity and a worse outcome. Pain will be assessed within 1 minute after completion of the invasive fissure sealant procedure during the second visit.
Time frame: Visit 2: Within 1 min after completion of the fissure sealant procedure.
Satisfaction and Experience Questionnaire
A post-intervention Satisfaction and Experience Questionnaire will be administered to participants in the POV Video Modeling and Virtual Reality (VR) groups within 5 minutes after completion of the fissure sealant procedure to assess their satisfaction, perceptions, and comfort regarding the assigned behavior guidance technique. Items will be answered with "Yes" or "No."
Time frame: Visit 2: Within 5 min after completion of the fissure sealant procedure (POV and VR groups only).
Plan to share: No
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