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Active, not recruitingNCT07851129Updated Oct 1, 2026

Evaluation of Bone Regeneration Outcomes Following Guided Bone Regeneration in the Anterior Maxillary Region

An observational study in Implant Placement in Maxillary Esthetic Zone, sponsored by Fuming He. Active, not recruiting at 1 site in China. Open to participants aged 18 Years to 80 Years, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-10-01.

Sponsored by Fuming He · Observational

Updated Oct 1, 2026Newly registeredGo to Updates ↓
Study type
Observational
Model
Cohort
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrollment
40
Ages
18 Years to 80 Years
Sex
All
01

Study summary

  1. Research background: Guided bone regeneration (GBR), as a bone augmentation technique, is widely used for reconstructing hard tissue defects in implant placement in the anterior esthetic zone. According to the initial bone defect morphology and soft tissue morphology (e.g., the "gingival biotype") in the maxillary anterior esthetic zone, the clinical outcomes of bone regeneration after implantation can be improved by adjusting the direction of implant placement. Currently, few published studies have investigated the effects of bone defect morphology and gingival biotype on GBR outcomes; sample sizes and comprehensive analyses are insufficient, and some results are contradictory.
  2. Research objective: Exploring the key soft-tissue factors influencing the osteogenic outcomes of guided bone regeneration in the maxillary anterior region. This study takes gingival biotype as the primary research factor and conducts a prospective cohort comparison between two groups, contrasting the effects of thin versus thick gingival biotypes on bone stability or resorption rates following GBR in the maxillary anterior area.
  3. Study design and methods: Design type: prospective clinical study. Study duration: 3 years. Start time: From the date of adoption of ethics. End time: 2027. For all included patients, cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans and intraoral scans will be performed preoperatively, immediately postoperatively, and at 3 and 6 months postoperatively.
Read the detailed description
  1. Research background: Guided bone regeneration (GBR), as a bone augmentation technique, is widely used for reconstructing hard tissue defects in implant placement in the anterior esthetic zone. According to the initial bone defect morphology and soft tissue morphology (e.g., the "gingival biotype") in the maxillary anterior esthetic zone, the clinical outcomes of bone regeneration after implantation can be improved by adjusting the direction of implant placement. Currently, few published studies have investigated the effects of bone defect morphology and gingival biotype on GBR outcomes; sample sizes and comprehensive analyses are insufficient, and some results are contradictory.
  2. Research objective: Exploring the key soft-tissue factors influencing the osteogenic outcomes of guided bone regeneration in the maxillary anterior region. This study takes gingival biotype as the primary research factor and conducts a prospective cohort comparison between two groups, contrasting the effects of thin versus thick gingival biotypes on bone stability or resorption rates following GBR in the maxillary anterior area.
  3. Study design and methods: Design type: prospective clinical study. Study duration: 3 years. Start time: From the date of adoption of ethics. End time: June 2027. From the date of ethics approval to June 2027, all patients who meet the inclusion criteria and who undergo implant placement in the maxillary anterior region with simultaneous guided bone regeneration at the Stomatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine will be screened. Their basic information (including questionnaire completion), treatment procedures, and imaging data will be collected, and they will undergo a comprehensive clinical oral examination. For all patients, cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans and intraoral scans will be performed preoperatively, immediately postoperatively, and at 3 and 6 months postoperatively. Digital imaging and communications in medicine (DICOM) data from each CBCT scan will be used for three-dimensional volumetric reconstruction and analysis with 3D Slicer and 3Shape Implant Studio. Preoperatively, gingival biotype (thick vs. thin) will be assessed using intraoral scan data. Immediately postoperatively, the thickness and surface area of the graft material placed during GBR and gingival thickness will be assessed using CBCT and intraoral scanning. At the 3- and 6-month postoperative follow-up visits, bleeding on probing (BOP), gingival thickness, and facial hard tissue thickness (facial bone wall and the thickness and surface area of the GBR graft material) will be assessed, and marginal bone level (MBL) around the implant will be evaluated at the buccal, palatal, mesial, and distal aspects of the implant and at the mesial or distal aspects of adjacent teeth. Marginal bone loss will be defined as the difference in MBL between baseline and follow-up. The collected data will be analyzed to evaluate the effect of the initial gingival biotype on postoperative osteogenic outcomes after GBR in patients with missing anterior teeth.
02

Conditions studied

  • Implant Placement in Maxillary Esthetic Zone

Keywords

  • guided bone regeneration
  • maxillary esthetic zone
  • bone deficiency
  • gingival biotype
03

In context

Lead sponsor

This is the only study on the registry with Fuming He as lead sponsor.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years to 80 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
Yes
Sampling method
Non-probability sample

Study population

From the date of ethics approval to June 2027, all patients who meet the inclusion criteria and who undergo implant placement in the maxillary anterior region with simultaneous guided bone regeneration (GBR) at the Stomatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine.

Inclusion criteria

  1. Aged 18 years or older
  2. A single tooth in the maxillary anterior region is to be implanted and restored with a single crown
  3. A single implant-supported prosthesis in the maxillary anterior region
  4. Severe bone deficiency in the maxillary anterior region, with residual alveolar bone height of 4-6 mm
  5. The patient requests an implant-supported fixed prosthesis
  6. The patient is able to understand and actively cooperate with the diagnostic and treatment process, and has signed the informed consent form
  7. Good oral hygiene status

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. Patients who cannot tolerate implant surgery (due to systemic diseases such as heart disease, hypertension, etc., or a history of long-term medication use)
  2. Pregnancy or gestation
  3. Daily smoking of more than 10 cigarettes
  4. Presence of physical defects that may affect implant surgery
  5. Patients with immune deficiency, including HIV-infected patients
  6. Local inflammation, including untreated periodontitis
  7. History of radiotherapy or chemotherapy to the head and neck region within the past year, or a history of intravenous bisphosphonate use
  8. Severe bruxism or clenching habits
  9. Poor oral hygiene or poor compliance
  10. Patients who have previously undergone bone augmentation or soft-tissue augmentation at the implant site
  11. Presence of benign or malignant tumors in the implant area
  12. Bone defects such as severe osteoporosis
05

Study design

Observational model
Cohort
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrollment
40 participants (estimated)
Target follow-up
6 Months
Patient registry
Yes

Groups and cohorts

  • Thin gingival biotype group
  • Thick gingival biotype group
06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Bone resorption rate after guided bone regeneration

    The cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) data from the three time points (on the day of the initial consultation (T0), immediately after surgery (T1) and six months after the first surgery (T2) ) were obtained and imported into Mimics Medical software. For each patient, the jaw models at T1 and T2 were aligned separately with the jaw model at T0 using point and global registration. After registration and cutting of the digital models, , a Boolean subtraction operation was conducted by subtracting the pre-operative bone segment from the bone segment at 6 months postoperatively to obtain a 6-month postoperative bone increment model. V1 (volumes of the immediate bone increment) and V2 (volumes of the 6-month bone increment) can be accessed from the properties menu. The resorption rate of bone increment, denoted as RV, can be calculated by utilizing the formula (V1 -V2)/V1.

    Time frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 6 months

Secondary outcomes

  1. Marginal Bone Loss

    The Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) datasets were imported into 3D Slicer software (Version 5.6.1) for processing and analysis. To ensure accurate longitudinal comparisons, all subsequent timepoint datasets (T1-T2) were superimposed onto the preoperative CBCT (T0), which served as the alignment reference. Spatial registration was performed using stable anatomical landmarks,. Registration accuracy was verified through iterative surface mapping and cross-sectional analysis of unchanged anatomical structures. Marginal bone level (MBL) was measured as the distance between the implant shoulder and the most coronal aspect of the alveolar crest on the facial side of the implant using a software program (NNT Viewer; NewTom). Marginal bone loss was defined as the difference in MBL between baseline and follow-up.

    Time frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 6 months

  2. probing depth (PD)

    A periodontal probe (PCP-UNC 15, Hu-Friedy, Chicago, USA) was used with a standardized force of 0.2N to measure probing depth at four specific sites around each implant: buccal mesial, buccal mid, buccal distal, and lingual mid. The probe was posi- tioned parallel to the long axis of the implant at each site, and the probing depth was recorded individually. The mean value of these four measurements was calculated to represent the prob- ing depth (PD) for the implant during the assessment.

    Time frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 6 months

  3. bleeding on probing (BOP)

    Bleeding on probing (BOP) was recorded as present or absent at each site immediately after probing. BOP% was calculated as the percentage of sites exhibiting bleeding among the six examined sites per implant.

    Time frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 6 months

  4. Plaque Index (PI)

    Four surfaces (mesial, buccal, distal, lingual) were assessed per implant. The PI was scored from 0 to 3 based on the presence and visibility of plaque, without the use of disclosing agents. PI was calculated by summing the individual scores for each examined site and dividing by the total number of examined surfaces.

    Time frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 6 months

07

Study locations

1 site
  • The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine
    Hangzhou, Zhejiang 86, China
08

References and documents

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No

No publications or documents are linked to this record.

09

Updates

1 registry update since Sep 25, 2026
Registered
First appeared on the registry. No changes since
Oct 1, 2026
Show all 1 update
  1. Oct 1, 2026
    First appeared on the registry

From the registry record's own update history. This site started tracking changes on Sep 25, 2026; for anything earlier, see the record history on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT07851129
Lead sponsor
Fuming He
Responsible party
Fuming He (Director of department, The Dental Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine) — Sponsor-investigator
First posted
Oct 1, 2026
Start date
Mar 26, 2025
Primary completion
Feb 28, 2027 (estimated)
Completion
May 30, 2027 (estimated)
Last update
Oct 1, 2026

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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