Improving Diet Quality of Community-Dwelling Seniors Using a Community-Based Participatory Approach

Browse trials for

• Social Isolation 236

Keywords

• Diet Quality
• social isolation
• nutrition
• food literacy
• older adults
• community-engaged

Social Isolation

236 studies on the registry are indexed under Social Isolation; 61 are open to participants now.

This study's planned enrollment of 50 is below the median of 80 across 198 interventional studies indexed under Social Isolation.

Lead sponsor

Geriatric Education and Research Institute is the lead sponsor of 11 studies on the registry; 3 are open to participants now.

Eligibility criteria

Study arms

• Experimental
  Intervention

  This is a single-arm trial and so all participants will be in the intervention arm.

  Other: Food Literacy Workshops

Interventions

• OtherFood Literacy Workshops

  The intervention is a food literacy workshop comprising 4 sessions held once every 2 weeks, up to 3 hours each. The main workshop themes are: 1) Practical ways to prepare simple and healthy meals; and 2) Basic nutrition knowledge related to the meals prepared, such as their nutrient components, links to chronic conditions and short/long-term health effects. These sessions include hands-on food preparation, tasting sessions, talks, group discussions and/or question and answer. Hands-on food preparation will focus on 'no-equipment' or 'light cooking' recipes. Food tasting involves everyday ingredients such as fruits, vegetables, proteins, nuts, seeds, spices, grains, and condiments. Group discussions will be facilitated by a study team member and will revolve around the specific themes of the workshop delivered on that day.

Primary outcomes

1. Global Diet Quality Score (GDQS)

   A questionnaire that captures all foods consumed by the individual respondent during a 24-hour reference period and classifies foods into their corresponding GDQS food groups. The overall GDQS score sums up points across food groups, totaling a possible range of 0-49. Higher scores denote better diet quality.

   Time frame: Baseline to end of 8 weeks.

Secondary outcomes

1. Knowledge and Literacy

   Knowledge regarding health eating self-rated on a 5-point Likert scale. Higher scores denote better self-rated knowledge

   Time frame: Baseline to end of 8 weeks.

2. Behavior Change

   Self-selected factors influencing food choice and frequency of snacking behavior.

   Time frame: Baseline to end of 8 weeks.

3. Adapted Nutrition Literacy Quiz

   A quiz that assesses the participant's nutrition literacy.

   Time frame: Baseline to end of 8 weeks.

4. Adapted Food Literacy Scale

   A scenario-based assessment that tests the participant's food literacy across 4 domains: Planning, Selection, Preparation, and Eating. Each correct answer will be given one score, totaling a possible range of 0-4.

   Time frame: Baseline to end of 8 weeks.

5. Brief Pittsburgh' Sleep Quality Index (B-PSQI)

   Subjective sleep quality is rated from 0 (very bad) to 3 (very good). Sleep duration is rated from \< 5 hours (severe sleep deprivation) to \> 7 hours (standard healthy recommendations).

   Time frame: Baseline to end of 8 weeks.

6. Visual Analog Scales (VAS)

   Three domains (feelings of Stomach discomfort, Energy, and Mood) self-rated on a 0-10 VAS. Higher scores denote less stomach discomfort, better energy or better mood.

   Time frame: Baseline to end of 8 weeks.

7. Body Mass Index (BMI)

   Weight (kg) divided by the square of height (m), a measure of obesity and overweightness.

   Time frame: Baseline to end of 8 weeks.

8. Timed Up and Go (TUG)

   Participants are timed as they rose from a chair, walked 3-metres to-and-fro, and sat back down on the chair. A measure of physical function and performance.

   Time frame: Baseline to end of 8 weeks.

9. University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) 3-Item Loneliness Scale

   A 3-item questionnaire that assesses an individual's subjective feelings of loneliness and social isolation. Higher scores denote more loneliness. A score of 6-9 out of 9 indicated loneliness

   Time frame: Baseline to end of 8 weeks.

10. Lubben Social Network Scale (LSNS-6)

    A 6-item validated instrument designed to measures the size, closeness, and frequency of a person's social interactions with family and friends. Possible range of scores is from 0 to 30. A score of \<12 out of 30 indicated poor social network score, or at risk of social isolation.

    Time frame: Baseline to end of 8 weeks.

11. EuroQol 5-Dimension 5-Level (EQ-5D-5L)

    A health-related quality of life questionnaire based on five dimensions (mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression) across five levels. An index score will be computed based on specific country's value set, where max score is 1.000 (perfect health) and min score could be a negative value (health state that is "worse than dead"). Based on the official Singapore EQ-5D-5L value set, the index scores range from 1.000 down to -0.851. Visual-analogue scale score ranges from 0 to 100, with higher scores denoting better self-rated health.

    Time frame: Baseline to end of 8 weeks.

12. Program Satisfaction

    Overall satisfaction with intervention program rated on a 5-point Likert scale. Higher point denotes better satisfaction.

    Time frame: End of 8-week intervention.

13. Self-Efficacy of Health Messages Delivery

    Confidence in delivering health and nutrition-related messages, rated on 5-point Likert scale.

    Time frame: Baseline to end of 8 weeks.

14. Adapted Trust in the Community Health Worker Scale

    An adapted validated scale to measure participant's trust in the trainers. Each item is scored on a 4-point Likert scale. Scores are calculated as a mean of non-missing items, with possible range of score from 1.0 to 4.0. Higher scores denote higher trust.

    Time frame: End of 8 weeks

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No — Ethics approval limits data use to the original study team, thus consent does not cover data sharing.