An observational study in College Students, sponsored by Polytechnic Institute of Porto. Recruiting at 1 site in Portugal. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-09-22.
Sponsored by Polytechnic Institute of Porto · Observational
The goal of this observational longitudinal cohort study is to identify key lifestyle-related predictors of health and disease and to understand how health trajectories develop over time in adolescents and young adults.
The main questions it aims to answer are:
What causal relationships exist between changes in lifestyle habits and health outcomes, after controlling for potential confounders?
Participants will:
The sample will consist of individuals aged 18 years or older who are enrolled at the Polytechnic Institute of Porto (P. Porto) from the 2025 academic year onwards, regardless of the level of study attended (CTeSP, bachelor's, master's, or doctoral programmes).
Exclusion Criteria:
Food Propensity Questionnaire
Food Propensity Questionnaire is a self-report instrument used within the scope of the National Food and Physical Activity Survey (IAN-AF, Portugal), designed to assess the habitual frequency of food consumption. The questionnaire aims to characterise participants' dietary patterns based on a typical week over the previous 12 months, allowing for an estimation of habitual intake throughout the year.
Time frame: Baseline, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4, Year 5
Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST v3.1)
The Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST), version 3.1, is a self-report screening instrument developed by the World Health Organization to detect and manage substance use and related risks. The ASSIST assesses lifetime and recent (past three months) use of a range of psychoactive substances, including tobacco, alcohol, cannabis, cocaine, stimulants, inhalants, sedatives, hallucinogens, opioids, and other substances.
Time frame: Baseline, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4, Year 5
Substance Use Questionnaire
The Substance Use Questionnaire is a self-report instrument that assesses lifetime and current use of tobacco, vaping, and recreational drugs, including patterns, quantity, and history of consumption.
Time frame: Baseline, Year 3, Year 5
Sexual Health Questionnaire
The Sexual Health Questionnaire is a self-report instrument that assesses sexual history and sexual health characteristics.
Time frame: Baseline, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4, Year 5
Sexual Risk Behaviours Questionnaire
The Sexual Risk Behaviours Questionnaire is a self-report instrument that assesses the frequency of sexual risk behaviours over the past month, including unprotected sexual practices, substance use during sexual activity, number and type of partners, and sexually transmitted infection testing.
Time frame: Baseline, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4, Year 5
Sexually Transmitted Diseases Knowledge Questionnaire (STD-KQ)
The Sexually Transmitted Diseases Knowledge Questionnaire is a self-report instrument that assesses knowledge about sexually transmitted infections, including transmission, prevention, symptoms, treatment, and vaccination.
Time frame: Baseline, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4, Year 5
Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile-II (HPLP-II)
The Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile-II is a self-report questionnaire assessing the frequency of health-promoting behaviors across physical, social, and psychological domains.
Time frame: Baseline, Year 3, Year 5
Plastics and Human Health
The Plastics and Human Health was developed with the aim of assessing potential sources of human exposure to microplastics associated with dietary habits, beverage consumption, lifestyle, and daily contact with plastic materials.
Time frame: Baseline, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4, Year 5
Exposure to Obesogenic Compounds (OBECARE)
The Exposure to Obesogenic Compounds questionnaire is a self-report tool designed to assess daily exposure to obesogenic compounds from food, environment, and personal care products, which may affect metabolic health and contribute to obesity risk.
Time frame: Baseline, Year 4
International Physical Activity Questionnaire - Short Form (IPAQ-SF)
International Physical Activity Questionnaire - Short Form is questionnaire to assess self-reported physical activity.
Time frame: Baseline, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4, Year 5
Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS)
The Epworth Sleepiness Scale is a self-report questionnaire measuring the likelihood of dozing off in daily situations, assessing habitual daytime sleepiness.
Time frame: Baseline, Year 3, Year 5
Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS)
The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support is a self-report questionnaire assessing perceived social support from family, friends, and significant others, using a 7-point agreement scale.
Time frame: Baseline, Year 3, Year 5
Medication and Supplementation Questionnaire (MSQ)
The Medication and Supplementation Questionnaire is a self-report tool for recording all medications and dietary supplements taken in the past week, including reason for use and source of guidance (physician, other health professional, or self-medication).
Time frame: Baseline, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4, Year 5
Measure of Treatment Adherence (MAT)
The Measure of Treatment Adherence is a self-report instrument developed to assess the degree of patients' adherence to prescribed pharmacological therapy.
Time frame: Baseline, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4, Year 5
Depression, Anxiety, And Stress Scale - 21 (DASS-21)
The Depression, Anxiety, And Stress Scale - 21 is a 21-item self-report scale measuring depression, anxiety, and stress, with seven items per subscale.
Time frame: Baseline, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4, Year 5
World Health Organization-Five Well-Being Index (WHO-5)
The World Health Organization-Five Well-Being Index is a 5-item self-report scale assessing subjective well-being over the past two weeks, with higher scores indicating greater well-being.
Time frame: Baseline, Year 3, Year 5
Warwick Edinburgh Mental Well Being Scale (WEMWBS)
The Warwick Edinburgh Mental Well Being Scale is a self-report scale measuring positive mental well-being over the past two weeks, covering thoughts, feelings, and social connectedness.
Time frame: Baseline, Year 3, Year 5
Adapted Graffar Scale
The Adapted Graffar Scale is used to assess and classify the socioeconomic level of a household.
Time frame: Baseline, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4, Year 5
Female Sexual Function Index- 6 (FSFI-6)
The Female Sexual Function Index- 6 is a 6-item self-report questionnaire assessing female sexual function over the past four weeks, covering desire, arousal, lubrication, orgasm, satisfaction, and pain.
Time frame: Year 2, Year 4
International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5)
The International Index of Erectile Function is a 5-item self-report questionnaire assessing erectile function over the past six months, including confidence, erection quality, maintenance, and sexual satisfaction.
Time frame: Year 2, Year 4
Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)
The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index is a self-report questionnaire assessing sleep quality and disturbances over the past month, including sleep duration, latency, efficiency, disturbances, medication use, and daytime dysfunction.
Time frame: Year 2, Year 4
Digital and Social Habits
Is a self-report questionnaire assessing digital and social media habits, including frequency and purpose of internet and social media use, digital literacy, use of artificial intelligence and smart technologies, privacy concerns, and daily screen time.
Time frame: Year 2, Year 4
Digital Habits
This self-report questionnaire measures daily digital habits, including time spent on smartphones, social media, video games, non-digital games, types of games, and digital study.
Time frame: Year 2, Year 4
SUSceptibility to being Influenced by Social media Influencers (SUSIS)
The SUSceptibility to being Influenced by Social media Influencers is a self-report questionnaire developed to assess the degree of individuals' susceptibility to the influence exerted by social media influencers.
Time frame: Year 2, Year 4
Internet Severity and Activities Questionnaire (ISAAQ-10)
The Internet Severity and Activities Questionnaire is a 10-item self-report questionnaire assessing problematic internet use over the past six months, including time management, emotional regulation, neglect of daily activities, preoccupation, sleep disruption, and related physical or psychological problems.
Time frame: Year 2, Year 4
Cyberbullying Perpetration and Victimization Scales (CBV)
The Cyberbullying Perpetration and Victimization Scales questionnaire measures participants' experiences of being victims of cyberbullying. It assesses how often individuals are exposed to harmful or aggressive behaviours through online platforms such as social media, messaging apps, and other digital communication tools.
Time frame: Year 2, Year 4
Healthy Lifestyle - Natural Environments
The Healthy Lifestyle - Natural Environments questionnaire assesses frequency of visits to blue and green spaces, reasons for visiting, daily exposure, and views from home to evaluate engagement with natural environments.
Time frame: Year 2, Year 4
Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9)
The Patient Health Questionnaire is a 9-item self-report scale assessing the severity of depressive symptoms over the past two weeks and their impact on daily functioning.
Time frame: Year 2, Year 4
Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences-42 (CAPE-42)
The Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences (CAPE-42) is a self-report questionnaire assessing the lifetime frequency and associated distress of psychotic-like experiences across positive, negative, and depressive dimensions.
Time frame: Year 2
Trauma History Questionnaire (THQ)
The Trauma History Questionnaire is a self-report tool assessing lifetime exposure to traumatic events, including crime, disasters, and physical or sexual experiences. It records occurrence, frequency, and age at exposure.
Time frame: Year 2, Year 4
Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET)
The Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test measures the ability to recognize others' emotions and mental states from images of their eyes.
Time frame: Year 2
Mental Health-Promoting Knowledge Measure (MHPK-10)
The Mental Health-Promoting Knowledge Measure assesses understanding of factors important for good mental health through 10 statements.
Time frame: Year 2, Year 4
Interoceptive Accuracy Scale (IAS)
The Interoceptive Accuracy Scale measures how well people notice their bodily sensations, like heartbeat, hunger, thirst, or pain.
Time frame: Year 2, Year 4
Interoceptive Attention Scale (IATS)
The Interoceptive Attention Scale measures how much people pay attention to their body sensations, like heartbeat, hunger, thirst, or pain.
Time frame: Year 2, Year 4
Reported and Intended Behavior Scale (RIBS)
The Reported and Intended Behavior Scale is a brief self-report questionnaire assessing current and intended behaviors toward people with mental health problems, focusing on stigma and discriminatory attitudes.
Time frame: Year 2, Year 4
Autism Spectrum Quotient - Adult 10 (AQ-10)
The Autism Spectrum Quotient - Adult 10 is a brief self-report screening tool for adults without learning disabilities, designed to assess autistic traits. It consists of 10 items on social, attention, and cognitive preferences, scored to indicate possible need for further diagnostic evaluation.
Time frame: Year 2, Year 4
World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0)
The World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (12-item version) is a self-report instrument designed to assess disability and functioning associated with physical or mental health conditions, evaluating difficulties experienced over the past 30 days across key domains of daily functioning using a five-point response scale.
Time frame: Year 2, Year 4
Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS)
The Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener is a 14-item questionnaire assessing adherence to the Mediterranean diet.
Time frame: Year 3, Year 5
Questionnaire on Caffeine, Natural Compounds, and Supplement Use
The Questionnaire on Caffeine, Natural Compounds, and Supplement Use is an instrument that evaluates the frequency and patterns of consumption, providing an overview of participants' intake of stimulants and supplements.
Time frame: Year 3, Year 5
Alcohol Consumption
The Alcohol Consumption Questionnaire is an instrument that provides a concise evaluation of alcohol consumption habits and risky drinking behaviors in adult populations.
Time frame: Year 3, Year 5
Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale (GAD-7)
The Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale is a brief self-report tool used to screen for and assess the severity of generalized anxiety symptoms over the past 14 days.
Time frame: Year 3, Year 5
University of California Los Angeles Loneliness Scale (UCLA v3)
The University of California Los Angeles Loneliness Scale (v3) is a self-report questionnaire that assesses subjective feelings of loneliness and social isolation, capturing how often individuals feel connected to or disconnected from others.
Time frame: Year 3, Year 5
Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Self-Report Scale-V1.1 (ASRS-V1.1)
The Adult Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Self-Report Scale-V1.1 Screener is a brief self-report questionnaire designed to identify symptoms of adult ADHD. It assesses difficulties with attention, organization, and hyperactivity/impulsivity over the past six months.
Time frame: Year 3, Year 5
The Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ)
The The Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire is a tool used to identify musculoskeletal symptoms. It assesses the presence of pain, discomfort, or numbness in different body regions over the last 12 months, the last 7 days, and the impact on daily activities.
Time frame: Year 3, Year 5
Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ)
The Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire is a simple and widely used tool to assess how low back pain affects daily activities. It consists of 24 short statements that patients select according to their current condition, and the total score reflects the level of functional disability, with higher scores indicating greater limitation.
Time frame: Assessed at 2 years after the beginning of the study
Adolescents and Adults Coordination Questionnaire (AAC-Q)
The Adolescents and Adults Coordination Questionnaire is a self-report tool used to assess motor coordination difficulties in adolescents and adults. It evaluates problems related to fine and gross motor skills, daily activities, spatial orientation, organization and planning, and motor learning, helping to identify coordination difficulties that may impact everyday functioning.
Time frame: Assessed at 2 years after the beginning of the study and evaluated 2 years after
Postural control assessment - Mini-BESTest: Balance Evaluation Systems Test
Functional balance will be assessed with the Mini-BEST, that evaluates multiple components of postural control, including anticipatory postural adjustments, reactive postural control, sensory orientation, and dynamic gait. This instrument comprises 14 items scored on a 3-level ordinal scale (0-2), yielding a maximum total score of 28 points, with higher scores indicating better balance performance.
Time frame: Year 2, Year 4
Audiological Assessment (Otoacoustic Emissions and Impedanciometry)
The audiological assessment is a clinical evaluation used to examine peripheral auditory function.
Time frame: Baseline, Year 3
Waldrop Physical Anomaly Scale
The Waldrop Physical Anomaly Scale is a clinical tool used to assess minor physical anomalies, mainly craniofacial and bodily features, which reflect early neurodevelopmental disturbances.
Time frame: Baseline
Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis
Bioelectrical impedance analysis is a clinical method used to assess body composition by measuring the body's electrical resistance and reactance.
Time frame: Baseline, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4, Year 5
Blood pressure
Blood pressure will be measured under standardized resting conditions using a validated automated sphygmomanometer. Both systolic blood pressure (maximum arterial pressure during cardiac contraction) and diastolic blood pressure (minimum arterial pressure during cardiac relaxation) will be assessed. Unit of Measure: millimeters of mercury (mmHg) for both systolic and diastolic blood pressure
Time frame: Baseline, Year 3
Ophthalmological Assessment (Optical Coherence Tomography, Angiography and Retinography)
The ophthalmological assessment is a clinical evaluation used to examine retinal structure and ocular vascular integrity.
Time frame: Baseline, Year 4
Heart Rate Variability (HRV)
Heart Rate Variability (HRV) is a physiological measure of the variation in time intervals between consecutive heartbeats and reflects autonomic nervous system regulation.
Time frame: Baseline, Year 3, Year 5
Chester Step Test (CST)
The Chester Step Test (CST) is a submaximal incremental exercise test used to assess aerobic fitness and functional exercise capacity. Unit of measure: Aerobic Capacity (VO₂max).
Time frame: Baseline, Year 3, Year 5
1-Minute Push-Up Test (1mPUT)
The 1-Minute Push-Up Test (1mPUT) is a muscular endurance assessment used to evaluate upper-body strength and endurance.
Time frame: Baseline, Year 3, Year 5
1-minute Sit-to-Stand test (1mSTS)
The 1-minute Sit-to-Stand test (1mSTS) measures lower limb muscle strength and functional capacity by counting the number of complete sit-to-stand repetitions a participant can perform in one minute.
Time frame: Baseline, Year 3, Year 5
Deep Squat Test
The Deep Squat Test will be used to assess lower-limb joint mobility and flexibility, including hip, knee, and ankle function. Performance will be evaluated using a standardized scoring system based on movement quality. Unit of measure: score (unitless)
Time frame: Baseline, Year 3, Year 5
Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy
Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy is a non-invasive neuroimaging technique used to measure cortical brain activity.
Time frame: Year 2, Year 4
Blood sample
Detection of Treponema pallidum infection using serological testing performed on capillary blood obtained by finger-prick. Unit of Measure: Reactive / Non-reactive
Time frame: Baseline, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4, Year 5
Blood sample
Measurement of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) from capillary blood collected via finger prick. Unit of Measure: Percentage (%) or mmol/mol
Time frame: Baseline
Blood sample
Measurement of C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in capillary blood obtained via finger prick. Unit of Measure: mg/L
Time frame: Baseline
Blood sample
Measurement of total cholesterol in capillary blood collected via finger prick. Unit of Measure: mg/dL
Time frame: Baseline
Blood sample
Measurement of Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol in capillary blood obtained via finger prick. Unit of Measure: mg/dL
Time frame: Baseline
Blood sample
Measurement of High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol in capillary blood collected via finger prick. Unit of Measure: mg/dL
Time frame: Baseline
Blood sample
Measurement of triglycerides in capillary blood obtained via finger prick. Unit of Measure: mg/dL
Time frame: Baseline
Stool Sample
Detection and quantification of microplastics. Unit of Measure: Number of particles per gram of stool (particles/g)
Time frame: Baseline, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4, Year 5
Stool sample
Characterization of gut microbiota from stool sample. Unit of Measure: Relative abundance (%)
Time frame: Baseline
Saliva sample
Genetic variability will be assessed from salivary DNA by allelic-discrimination qPCR, where an end-point dye-ratio yields a genotype call summarised as genotype/allele frequencies and Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, whereas gene expression will assessed from salivary RNA reverse-transcribed to cDNA by comparative-Cq RT-qPCR, where the Cq (in cycles) is converted to relative expression as fold change via 2\^-ΔΔCq.
Time frame: Baseline, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4, Year 5
Saliva sample
Measurement of cortisol levels in saliva samples using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Unit of Measure: ng/mL
Time frame: Baseline, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4, Year 5
Saliva sample
Characterization of oral microbiota. Unit of Measure: Relative abundance (%)
Time frame: Baseline
Urine sample
Quantification of metals (Cadmium (Cd), Mercury (Hg), Lead (Pb), Thallium (Tl) and Lithium (Li) in urine samples. Unit of Measure: µg/L
Time frame: Baseline, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4, Year 5
Urine sample
Quantification of essential trace elements (Selenium (Se), Zinc (Zn) Copper (Cu) and Manganese (Mn)) in urine samples. Unit of Measure: µg/L
Time frame: Baseline, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4, Year 5
Urine sample
Quantification of iodine (I) in urine samples. Unit of Measure: µg/L
Time frame: Baseline, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4, Year 5
Urine sample
Uroculture - Detection and identification of microorganisms in urine samples. Unit of Measure: CFU/mL (colony-forming units per millilitre)
Time frame: Baseline, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4, Year 5
Vaginal swab sample
Detection of sexually transmitted pathogens, including Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae, in self-collected vaginal swab samples. Unit of Measure: Presence/absence.
Time frame: Baseline, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4, Year 5
Cutaneous swab sample
Microbiome analysis. Unit of Measure: Relative abundance (%)
Time frame: Baseline
Height
Height will be measured using a stadiometer under standardized conditions. Unit of Measure: centimeters (cm)
Time frame: Baseline, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4, Year 5
Waist Circumference
Waist circumference will be measured at the midpoint between the lower rib and the iliac crest using a flexible tape. Unit of Measure: centimeters (cm)
Time frame: Baseline, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4, Year 5
Hip Circumference
Hip circumference will be measured at the widest portion of the buttocks using a flexible tape. Unit of Measure: centimeters (cm)
Time frame: Baseline, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4, Year 5
Skinfold Thickness
Skinfold thickness will be measured using a calibrated skinfold caliper to estimate subcutaneous fat. Unit of Measure: millimeters (mm)
Time frame: Baseline, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4, Year 5
Handgrip Strength
Handgrip strength will be measured using a hand dynamometer to assess upper-limb muscular strength under standardized conditions. Unit of Measure: kilograms (kg)
Time frame: Baseline, Year 3, Year 5
Quadriceps Muscle Strength
Quadriceps muscle strength will be assessed using dynamometry to evaluate lower-limb muscular strength under standardized conditions. Unit of Measure: kilograms (kg)
Time frame: Baseline, Year 3, Year 5
Electroencephalogram Spectral Power During Resting-State
Electroencephalogram (EEG) will be used to assess brain activity during resting-state conditions (eyes open and eyes closed). Outcomes will include spectral power across frequency bands: delta (0.5-4 Hz), theta (4-8 Hz), alpha (8-12 Hz), beta (13-30 Hz), and gamma (\>30 Hz). In addition, EEG-based functional connectivity will be assessed to evaluate resting-state network connectivity using the phase-locking value (PLV) across predefined regions of interest. Unit of Measure: Microvolts squared (µV²)
Time frame: Baseline, Year 2, Year 4
Frontal Theta Power During N-back Task (Working Memory)
Electroencephalogram (EEG) will be recorded during the N-back task to assess working memory-related neural activity. Frontal theta power will be quantified as a measure of working memory-related neural oscillatory activity. Unit of Measure: Microvolts (µV)
Time frame: Baseline
P300 Event-Related Potential Amplitude During N-back Task (Working Memory)
Electroencephalogram (EEG) will be recorded during the N-back task to assess working memory-related neural activity. P300 event-related potential amplitude will be measured. Unit of Measure: Microvolts (µV)
Time frame: Baseline
P300 Event-Related Potential Latency During N-back Task (Working Memory)
Electroencephalogram (EEG) will be recorded during the N-back task to assess working memory-related neural activity. P300 event-related potential latency will be measured. Unit of Measure: Milliseconds (ms)
Time frame: Baseline
Late Positive Component (LPC) Amplitude During N-back Task (Working Memory)
Electroencephalogram (EEG) will be recorded during the N-back task to assess working memory-related neural activity. Late positive component (LPC) amplitude will be measured. Unit of Measure: Microvolts (µV)
Time frame: Baseline
Late Positive Component (LPC) Latency During N-back Task (Working Memory)
Electroencephalogram (EEG) will be recorded during the N-back task to assess working memory-related neural activity. Late positive component (LPC) latency will be measured. Unit of Measure: Milliseconds (ms)
Time frame: Baseline
Urine sample
Urine Type II: Appearance. Unit of Measure: Qualitative measurement unit
Time frame: Baseline, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4, Year 5
Urine sample
Urine Type II: Urine color. Unit of Measure: Qualitative measurement unit
Time frame: Baseline, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4, Year 5
Urine sample
Urine Type II: Specific gravitys. Unit of Measure: Unitless (specific gravity ratio, typically 1.005-1.030)
Time frame: Baseline, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4, Year 5
Urine sample
Urine Type II: Proteins. Unit of Measure: Semi-quantitative scale or mg/dL.
Time frame: Baseline, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4, Year 5
Urine sample
Urine Type II: Glucose. Unit of Measure: Semi-quantitative scale or mg/dL
Time frame: Baseline, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4, Year 5
Urine sample
Urine Type II: Ketone bodies. Unit of Measure: Semi-quantitative scale or mg/dL
Time frame: Baseline, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4, Year 5
Urine sample
Urine Type II: Blood (Hemoglobin/Erythrocytes). Unit of Measure: Semi-quantitative scale or mg/dL
Time frame: Baseline, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4, Year 5
Urine sample
Urine Type II: Nitrites. Unit of Measure: Qualitative (positive / negative)
Time frame: Baseline, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4, Year 5
Urine sample
Urine Type II: pH. Unit of Measure: pH scale
Time frame: Baseline, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4, Year 5
Urine sample
Quantification of metalloids (Arsenic (As)) in urine samples. Unit of Measure: µg/L
Time frame: Baseline, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4, Year 5
Urine sample
Quantification of electrolytes (Calcium (Ca) and Magnesium (Mg)) in urine samples. Unit of Measure: µg/L
Time frame: Baseline, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4, Year 5
Urine sample
Urine Type II: Bilirubin. Unit of Measure: Qualitative (Negative / Positive)
Time frame: Baseline, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4, Year 5
Urine sample
Urine Type II: Urobilinogen Unit of Measure: Semi-quantitative scale or mg/dL
Time frame: Baseline, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4, Year 5
Urine sample
Urine Type II: Leukocytes. Unit of Measure: Semi-quantitative scale or mg/dL
Time frame: Baseline, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4, Year 5
Urine sample
Urine Type II: Erythrocytes (if applicable: this parameter will only be assessed when indicated, namely in samples showing alterations in physicochemical parameters). Unit of Measure: Semi-quantitative scale or cells/High Power Field (HPF)
Time frame: Baseline, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4, Year 5
Urine sample
Urine Type II: Leukocytes (if applicable: this parameter will only be assessed when indicated, namely in samples showing alterations in physicochemical parameters). Unit of Measure: Semi-quantitative scale or cells/High Power Field (HPF)
Time frame: Baseline, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4, Year 5
Urine sample
Urine Type II: Epithelial cells (if applicable: this parameter will only be assessed when indicated, namely in samples showing alterations in physicochemical parameters). Unit of Measure: Semi-quantitative (cells/High Power Field (HPF))
Time frame: Baseline, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4, Year 5
Urine sample
Urine Type II: Hyaline casts (if applicable: this parameter will only be assessed when indicated, namely in samples showing alterations in physicochemical parameters). Unit of Measure: Semi-quantitative scale (casts/Low Power Field (LPF))
Time frame: Baseline, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4, Year 5
Urine sample
Analysis of Creatinine in urine samples. Unit of Measure: mg/dL
Time frame: Baseline, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4, Year 5
Urine sample
Urine Drug Screening: Analysis of urine samples for the detection and screening of drugs of abuse and therapeutic drugs. Unit of Measure: Qualitative (positive/negative) and quantitative results expressed in ng/mL or µg/L, depending on the analyte and analytical method
Time frame: Baseline, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4, Year 5
Hair sample
Hair Drug Testing: Analysis of hair samples for the detection and screening of drugs of abuse and therapeutic drugs. Unit of Measure: Qualitative (positive/negative) and quantitative results expressed in ng/mg of hair, depending on the analyte and analytical method
Time frame: Baseline, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4, Year 5
Physical activity levels (time spent in moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA))
Time spent in MVPA will be collected with the ActiGraph accelerometry-based activity monitors (wGT3X-BT) during for one week. Raw data will be downloaded, summed and filtered by the ActiLife software to determine the average MVPA (min/wk).
Time frame: Baseline, Year 3, Year 5
Physical activity levels (time spent in sedentary behaviour)
Time spent in sedentary behaviour will be collected with the ActiGraph accelerometery-based activity monitors (wGT3X-BT) for one week. Raw data will be downloaded, summed and filtered by the ActiLife software.
Time frame: Baseline, Year 3, Year 5
Step count (steps/day-1)
Steps/day-1 will be collected with the ActiGraph accelerometery-based activity monitors (wGT3X-BT) for one week. Raw data will be downloaded, summed and filtered by the ActiLife software.
Time frame: Baseline, Year 3, Year 5
Physical activity levels (light, moderate, vigorous and very vigorous)
Time spent in each PA level will be collected with the ActiGraph accelerometry-based activity monitors (wGT3X-BT) during a week. Raw data will be downloaded, summed and filtered by the ActiLife software to determine the percentage in each level.
Time frame: Baseline, Year 3, Year 5
Total Sleep Time (TST)
Total Sleep Time (TST) will be defined as the total estimated duration of sleep obtained during the monitoring period. This variable will be derived from accelerometry data collected using the ActiGraph wGT3X-BT, based on the identification of the sleep period and subsequent quantification of epochs classified as sleep, excluding periods of wakefulness occurring within the sleep interval.
Time frame: Baseline, Year 3, Year 5
Sleep Efficiency
Sleep Efficiency will be calculated as the percentage of time spent asleep during the total time in bed (or defined sleep period). This measure will be derived from data recorded by the ActiGraph wGT3X-BT and expressed as the ratio of total sleep time to total time in bed, multiplied by 100.
Time frame: Baseline, Year 3, Year 5
Sleep Onset Latency (SOL)
Sleep Onset Latency (SOL) will be defined as the time elapsed between the beginning of the sleep period (time in bed or lights-off time, depending on protocol definition) and the onset of sleep. This variable will be estimated using validated actigraphy algorithms applied to data collected by the ActiGraph wGT3X-BT, reflecting the transition from wakefulness to sleep.
Time frame: Baseline, Year 3, Year 5
Wake After Sleep Onset (WASO)
Wake After Sleep Onset (WASO) will be defined as the total amount of time spent awake after sleep onset and before final awakening. This parameter will be derived from periods of wakefulness identified within the sleep interval using accelerometry data from the ActiGraph wGT3X-BT, providing an index of sleep fragmentation.
Time frame: Baseline, Year 3, Year 5
Fragmentation Index / Nocturnal Movement
The Fragmentation Index will be used as an indicator of sleep continuity, reflecting the frequency and extent of nocturnal movement and brief awakenings during the sleep period. This variable will be derived from raw accelerometry data recorded by the ActiGraph wGT3X-BT and computed using algorithms implemented in the ActiLife software, depending on the selected scoring method.
Time frame: Baseline, Year 3, Year 5
Urine sample
Quantification of cortisol and cortisone in urine samples. Unit of Measure: nmol/L or µg/g creatinine
Time frame: Baseline, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4, Year 5
Urine sample
Quantification of drugs of abuse and their metabolites, including THC, THC-COOH, 11-OH-THC, benzoylecgonine, cocaine, ecgonine methyl ester, cocaethylene, amphetamine, methamphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), and opioids and their metabolites. Unit of Measure: ng/mL or µg/g creatinine
Time frame: Baseline, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4, Year 5
Urine sample
Quantification of pharmaceutical drugs and their metabolites, including benzodiazepines, Z-drugs, antidepressants, antipsychotics, methylphenidate, ritalinic acid, ketamine, norketamine, and dehydronorketamine. Unit of Measure: ng/mL or µg/g creatinine
Time frame: Baseline, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4, Year 5
Urine sample
Quantification of selected novel psychoactive substances (NPS), including synthetic cathinones, synthetic cannabinoids, nitazenes, and other compounds included in the analytical library. Unit of Measure: ng/mL or µg/g creatinine
Time frame: Baseline, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4, Year 5
Urine sample
Quantification of ethyl glucuronide (EtG) and ethyl sulfate (EtS) in urine samples. Unit of Measure: ng/mL or µg/g creatinine
Time frame: Baseline, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4, Year 5
Urine sample
Quantification of cotinine, trans-3'-hydroxycotinine, and nicotine in urine samples. Unit of Measure: ng/mL or µg/g creatinine
Time frame: Baseline, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4, Year 5
Urine sample
Quantification of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG/8-oxo-dG) and 8-isoprostane (F2-isoprostanes) in urine samples. Unit of Measure: ng/mL or µg/g creatinine, nmol/mmol creatinine, or ng/mg creatinine
Time frame: Baseline, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4, Year 5
Urine sample
Quantification of urinary cytokines, including interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-8 (IL-8). Unit of Measure: pg/mL
Time frame: Baseline, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4, Year 5
Urine sample
Quantification of 6-sulfatoxymelatonin in urine samples. Unit of Measure: ng/mL or ng/mg creatinine
Time frame: Baseline, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4, Year 5
Hair sample
Quantification of cortisol in hair samples. Unit of Measure: pg/mg
Time frame: Baseline, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4, Year 5
Hair sample
Quantification of cortisone in hair samples. Unit of Measure: pg/mg
Time frame: Baseline, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4, Year 5
Hair sample
Quantification of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) in hair samples. Unit of Measure: pg/mg
Time frame: Baseline, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4, Year 5
Hair sample
Quantification of drugs of abuse and their metabolites, including cannabinoids (THC, THC-COOH, CBD, and CBN), cocaine and its metabolites (benzoylecgonine and cocaethylene), amphetamine, methamphetamine, MDMA, and MDA, in hair samples. Unit of Measure: pg/mg or ng/mg
Time frame: Baseline, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4, Year 5
Hair sample
Quantification of pharmaceutical drugs and their metabolites, including morphine, codeine, 6-monoacetylmorphine (6-MAM), tramadol, oxycodone, buprenorphine, methadone, fentanyl, benzodiazepines, Z-drugs, antidepressants, antipsychotics, ADHD stimulants, ketamine, and norketamine, in hair samples. Unit of Measure: pg/mg or ng/mg
Time frame: Baseline, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4, Year 5
Hair sample
Quantification of selected novel psychoactive substances (NPS) in hair samples. Unit of Measure: pg/mg or ng/mg
Time frame: Baseline, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4, Year 5
Hair sample
Quantification of ethyl glucuronide (EtG) in hair samples. Unit of Measure: pg/mg
Time frame: Baseline, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4, Year 5
Hair sample
Quantification of nicotine and cotinine in hair samples. Unit of Measure: pg/mg
Time frame: Baseline, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4, Year 5
N200 Amplitude During Attention Network Task (ANT)
Electroencephalogram (EEG) will be recorded during the Attention Network Task (ANT) to assess attentional processing across alerting, orienting, and executive control networks. N200 event-related potential amplitude will be measured. Unit of Measure: Microvolts (µV)
Time frame: Baseline
N200 Latency During Attention Network Task (ANT)
Electroencephalogram (EEG) will be recorded during the Attention Network Task (ANT) to assess attentional processing across alerting, orienting, and executive control networks. N200 event-related potential latency will be measured. Unit of Measure: Milliseconds (ms)
Time frame: Baseline
P300 Amplitude During Attention Network Task (ANT)
Electroencephalogram (EEG) will be recorded during the Attention Network Task (ANT) to assess attentional processing across alerting, orienting, and executive control networks. P300 event-related potential amplitude will be measured. Unit of Measure: Microvolts (µV)
Time frame: Baseline
P300 Latency During Attention Network Task (ANT)
Electroencephalogram (EEG) will be recorded during the Attention Network Task (ANT) to assess attentional processing across alerting, orienting, and executive control networks. P300 event-related potential latency will be measured. Unit of Measure: Milliseconds (ms)
Time frame: Baseline
Total Correct Sequences During Digit Span Task (E-Prime)
The Digit Span task will be used to assess working memory capacity, including forward and backward digit recall performance. Total correct sequences will be recorded. Unit of Measure: Number of correct sequences (count)
Time frame: Year 3, Year 5
Maximum Span Length During Digit Span Task (E-Prime)
The Digit Span task will be used to assess working memory capacity, including forward and backward digit recall performance. Maximum span length achieved will be recorded. Unit of Measure: Digits
Time frame: Year 3, Year 5
Accuracy During N-back Task (E-Prime)
The N-back task will be used to assess working memory and updating processes. Accuracy will be calculated as the percentage of correct responses. Unit of Measure: Percentage (%)
Time frame: Year 3, Year 5
Reaction Time During N-back Task (E-Prime)
The N-back task will be used to assess working memory and updating processes. Reaction time for correct responses will be recorded. Unit of Measure: Milliseconds (ms)
Time frame: Year 3, Year 5
Commission Error Rate During Go/No-Go Task (E-Prime)
The Go/No-Go task will be used to assess inhibitory control. Commission error rate will be calculated as the percentage of incorrect responses to No-Go stimuli. Unit of Measure: Percentage (%)
Time frame: Year 3, Year 5
Omission Error Rate During Go/No-Go Task (E-Prime)
The Go/No-Go task will be used to assess inhibitory control. Omission error rate will be calculated as the percentage of missed responses to Go stimuli. Unit of Measure: Percentage (%)
Time frame: Year 3, Year 5
Reaction Time During Go/No-Go Task (E-Prime)
The Go/No-Go task will be used to assess inhibitory control. Reaction time for correct Go responses will be recorded. Unit of Measure: Milliseconds (ms)
Time frame: Year 3, Year 5
Reaction Time During Attention Network Test (ANT)
The Attention Network Test (ANT) will be used to assess attentional processing. Reaction time during the task will be recorded. Unit of Measure: Milliseconds (ms)
Time frame: Year 3, Year 5
Attention Network Efficiency Score During Attention Network Test (ANT)
The Attention Network Test (ANT) will be used to assess attentional processing. Overall attentional network efficiency score will be calculated. Unit of Measure: Arbitrary units
Time frame: Year 3, Year 5
Plan to share: No
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Polytechnic Institute of Porto