An interventional study of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) and Triamcinolone Acetonide and Lidocaine Hydrochloride in Long Head of Biceps Brachii Tendinopathy, sponsored by Gaziler Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Education and Research Hospital. Completed at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Open to participants aged 19 Years to 74 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-09-14.
Sponsored by Gaziler Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Education and Research Hospital · Not applicable, Interventional, and Treatment
This randomized clinical trial compared ultrasound-guided triamcinolone injection and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) in patients with long head of the biceps brachii tendinopathy. Participants in both groups also received a supervised physiotherapy exercise program. Pain, shoulder-related pain and disability, ultrasonographic findings, and clinical test results were assessed at baseline and at 1 and 3 months after treatment.
397 studies on the registry are indexed under Tendinopathy; 77 are open to participants now.
This study's enrollment of 42 is below the median of 48 across 332 interventional studies indexed under Tendinopathy.
Browse Tendinopathy studies →Gaziler Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Education and Research Hospital is the lead sponsor of 85 studies on the registry; 14 are open to participants now.
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Anti-inflammatory medicines such as prednisone, prednisolone and dexamethasone — not the anabolic steroids used for muscle.
Studies differ in what they allow: check which steroid medicines, routes (tablets, injections, creams, inhalers, eye drops) and doses this study accepts.
Informed consent
Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.
You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Corticosteroids (steroids)
Anti-inflammatory medicines such as prednisone, prednisolone and dexamethasone — not the anabolic steroids used for muscle.
Studies differ in what they allow: check which steroid medicines, routes (tablets, injections, creams, inhalers, eye drops) and doses this study accepts.
Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.
Participants received conventional transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) for 15 sessions, 15 minutes per session, using a frequency of 200 Hz and a pulse duration of 200 μs. After each TENS session, participants underwent a physiotherapist-supervised exercise program consisting of range-of-motion, stretching, and progressive strengthening exercises.
Device: Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS)
Participants received a single ultrasound-guided peritendinous injection of 1 mL triamcinolone acetonide (40 mg/mL) mixed with 1 mL lidocaine hydrochloride (20 mg/mL) around the long head of the biceps tendon. Immediately after the injection, participants began a physiotherapist-supervised exercise program consisting of range-of-motion, stretching, and progressive strengthening exercises.
Drug: Triamcinolone Acetonide and Lidocaine Hydrochloride
Conventional transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) was applied at a frequency of 200 Hz and a pulse duration of 200 μs for 15 minutes per session, for a total of 15 sessions.
Drug pages: Triamcinolone Acetonide · Lidocaine
A single ultrasound-guided peritendinous injection of 1 mL triamcinolone acetonide (40 mg/mL) mixed with 1 mL lidocaine hydrochloride (20 mg/mL) was administered around the long head of the biceps tendon.
Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for Pain
Pain intensity was assessed using a 10-cm Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Pain was evaluated both at rest and during movement. Scores range from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst imaginable pain), with higher scores indicating greater pain intensity.
Time frame: Baseline, 1 month, and 3 months
Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI)
Shoulder pain and disability were assessed using the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI), which includes pain and disability subscales. The total score ranges from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating greater shoulder pain and disability.
Time frame: Baseline, 1 month, and 3 months
Maximum diameter of the long head of the biceps tendon
The maximum diameter of the long head of the biceps brachii tendon was measured by musculoskeletal ultrasonography at the site of greatest tendon thickness and recorded in millimeters (mm).
Time frame: Baseline, 1 month, and 3 months
Peritendinous fluid around the long head of the biceps tendon
Peritendinous fluid was measured by ultrasonography at the site of greatest effusion between the tendon and tendon sheath and recorded in millimeters (mm). Minimal probe compression was applied during measurement.
Time frame: Baseline, 1 month, and 3 months
Increased vascular signal in the long head of the biceps tendon
Vascular signal in the long head of the biceps tendon region was assessed using Doppler ultrasonography. Any increase in vascular signal detected along the bicipital groove was considered positive. The result was recorded as positive or negative.
Time frame: Baseline, 1 month, and 3 months
Speed Test
The Speed test was used to evaluate pathology of the long head of the biceps tendon. Test results were recorded as positive or negative.
Time frame: Baseline, 1 month, and 3 months
Yergason Test
The Yergason test was used to evaluate pathology of the long head of the biceps tendon. Test results were recorded as positive or negative.
Time frame: Baseline, 1 month, and 3 months
Plan to share: No
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This study is completed, as verified in Sep 2026. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.
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Studies of the drugs tested here: Triamcinolone Acetonide · Lidocaine
Gaziler Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Education and Research Hospital