An interventional study of Gamification of a structured exercise program in Cardiorespiratory Fitness or Endurance and Smoking Cessation, sponsored by Gadjah Mada University. Enrolling by invitation at 1 site in Indonesia. Open to male participants aged 17 Years to 45 Years, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-02-05.
Sponsored by Gadjah Mada University · Not applicable, Interventional, and Treatment
The goal of this quasi-experiment is to learn if a gamified exercise works to improve cardiorespiratory fitness in physically inactive hardcore smokers. It will also learn about the effects of smoking cessation. The main questions it aims to answer are:
This is a no-control group. The quasi-experiment will be conducted within one group (paired data).
1,581 studies on the registry are indexed under Smoking Cessation; 198 are open to participants now.
This study's planned enrollment of 60 is below the median of 164 across 1,423 interventional studies indexed under Smoking Cessation.
Browse Smoking Cessation studies →Gadjah Mada University is the lead sponsor of 63 studies on the registry; 19 are open to participants now.
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Exclusion Criteria:
A group of 60 physically inactive hardcore smokers participated in this study using a gamified exercise within 12 12-week intervention.
Behavioral: Gamification of a structured exercise program
A structured exercise program with FITT-VP principles is gamified and delivered to 60 physically inactive hardcore smokers.
Estimated Maximal Oxygen Uptake (VO2Max) Measured by the Cooper 12-Minute Run Test
Estimated cardiorespiratory fitness assessed using the Cooper 12-Minute Run Test. Participants are instructed to run or walk as far as possible within 12 minutes. The total distance covered (in meters) is used to estimate maximal oxygen uptake (VO2Max), expressed in milliliters per kilogram per minute (mL/kg/min). Higher VO2Max values indicate better cardiorespiratory fitness.
Time frame: Baseline (Week 0) and post-intervention (Week 13)
Level of Physical Activity Measured by the World Health Organization Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ)
Physical activity level assessed using the World Health Organization Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ). The GPAQ measures physical activity across work, transport, and leisure domains. Total physical activity is calculated in metabolic equivalent task minutes per week (MET-minutes/week). Higher scores indicate higher levels of physical activity.
Time frame: Baseline (Week 0) and post-intervention (Week 13)
Intention to Quit Smoking Measured by the Intention to Quit Smoking Scale (IQSS)
Smoking cessation intention was assessed using the Intention to Quit Smoking Scale (IQSS) developed by Söyler and Yorulmaz (2024). The IQSS is a self-reported questionnaire consisting of multiple items rated on a Likert-type scale. Total scores range from 8 to 40, with higher scores indicating a stronger intention to quit smoking.
Time frame: Baseline (Week 0) and post-intervention (Week 13)
Plan to share: Undecided
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Gadjah Mada University