ClinicalTrials.gg
RecruitingNCT07224893Updated May 15, 2026

Once-Daily vs Twice-Daily Insulin Glargine in Pregestational Diabetes Management

A Phase 4 interventional study of Use of insulin glargine once daily and Use of insulin glargine twice daily in Pregestational Diabetes and Pregnancy, sponsored by Eastern Virginia Medical School. Recruiting at 1 site in United States. Open to female participants aged 18 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-05-15.

Sponsored by Eastern Virginia Medical School · Phase 4, Interventional, and Treatment

Phase
Phase 4
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
200
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years and older
Sex
Female
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Study summary

The purpose of this study is to determine if taking insulin glargine twice a day instead of once a day will better manage pregestational diabetes in pregnant patients. Participants in this study will be randomly assigned to one of two groups: a group that takes insulin glargine once a day, and a group that takes it twice. Continuous glucose monitoring will be used to track blood sugar levels. The main question the study aims to answer is: Will using insulin glargine twice a day instead of once lead to a better glucose time in range?

02

Conditions studied

  • Pregestational Diabetes
  • Pregnancy

Keywords

  • continuous glucose monitoring
03

In context

Lead sponsor

Eastern Virginia Medical School is the lead sponsor of 56 studies on the registry; 8 are open to participants now.

Of its 9 completed or terminated interventional studies of FDA-regulated products, 1 (11%) have results posted.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years and older
Sexes eligible
Female
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • Patients older than 18 years of age;
  • The patient is fluent in English, physically and mentally able to understand the , and is willing to participate in this study;
  • Type II diabetes mellitus requiring insulin;
  • The patient is between 24 weeks 0 days and 28 weeks 0 days of gestation at the time of enrollment. Gestational age will be determined by last menstrual period, confirmed with a first trimester ultrasound, per the recommended guidelines by the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists.
  • Currently using or willing to use a clinically indicated continuous glucose monitor for glycemic management

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Known allergy or reaction to insulin glargine, or concurrent medical condition where the use of insulin glargine is ;
  • Contraindication to CGM use, patient declines CGM use, or CGM not covered by patient's insurance;
  • Known or suspected fetal anomaly or aneuploidy;
  • Prisoners;
  • Ongoing prenatal care outside EVMS or planned delivery outside Sentara Norfolk General Hospital.
Terms in these criteria, in plain language(2)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

Informed consent

Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.

You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.

Contraindication

A reason a treatment, test or procedure should not be given to a particular person, such as an allergy, another illness or a medicine they take.

05

Study design

Phase
Phase 4
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
Double (Investigator, Outcomes assessor)
Enrollment
200 participants (estimated)

Study arms

  • Active comparator
    Once-Daily Insulin Glargine

    Participants randomized to this arm will take insulin glargine once daily

    Drug: Use of insulin glargine once daily

  • Experimental
    Twice-Daily Insulin Glargine

    Participants randomized to this arm will take insulin glargine twice daily

    Drug: Use of insulin glargine twice daily

Interventions

  • DrugUse of insulin glargine once daily

    Insulin glargine will be used once daily

  • DrugUse of insulin glargine twice daily

    Insulin glargine will be used twice daily

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Weekly Time in Range

    The mean blood glucose time in range as measured by the continuous glucose monitor

    Time frame: From Day 7 to Day 14 after study enrollment

Secondary outcomes

  1. Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy

    Development of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy

    Time frame: From time of enrollment until time of delivery, up to 20 weeks following enrollment

  2. Preterm birth <34 weeks

    Delivery at less than 34 weeks gestation

    Time frame: From time of enrollment to 34 weeks gestation

  3. Preterm birth <37 weeks

    Delivery prior to 37 weeks gestation

    Time frame: From time of enrollment until 37 weeks gestation

  4. Spontaneous or Indicated Delivery

    Whether delivery was spontaneous or there was an indication for induction or cesarean delivery

    Time frame: From time of enrollment until time of delivery, up to 20 weeks following enrollment

  5. Operative vaginal delivery

    Whether an operative vaginal delivery was indicated

    Time frame: From time of enrollment to time of delivery, up to 20 weeks following enrollment

  6. Cesarean Delivery

    Whether a cesarean delivery was indicated

    Time frame: From time of enrollment to time of delivery, up to 20 weeks following enrollment

  7. Estimated blood loss

    The estimated blood loss during delivery

    Time frame: Duration of labor, up to 24 hours

  8. Quantitative blood loss

    The quantified blood loss during delivery

    Time frame: Duration of labor, up to 24 hours

  9. Blood transfusion

    Whether a blood transfusion was necessary during or following delivery

    Time frame: From time of enrollment until hospital discharge (up to 42 days post-delivery)

  10. Endometritis

    Incidence of endometritis (inflammation of uterine lining)

    Time frame: From time of enrollment to hospital discharge (up to 42 days post-delivery)

  11. Chorioamnionitis

    Incidence of chorioamnionitis (placental and amniotic membrane infection)

    Time frame: From time of enrollment until time of hospital discharge (up to 42 days post-delivery)

  12. Wound infection

    Infection of wounds left by labor

    Time frame: From time of enrollment to hospital discharge (up to 42 days post-delivery)

  13. Venous thromboembolism

    Incidence of venous thromboembolism

    Time frame: From time of enrollment to time of hospital discharge (up to 42 days post-delivery)

  14. Massive transfusion and postpartum hemorrhage

    Incidence of massive transfusion and postpartum hemorrhage

    Time frame: From time of enrollment until hospital discharge (up to 42 days post-delivery)

  15. ICU admission

    Admission to the ICU

    Time frame: From time of enrollment until hospital discharge (up to 42 days post-delivery)

  16. Maternal death

    Time frame: From time of enrollment to hospital discharge (up to 42 days post-delivery)

  17. Antepartum death

    Fetal death

    Time frame: From time of enrollment to time of delivery, up to 20 weeks following enrollment

  18. Intrapartum death

    Fetal death during labor and delivery

    Time frame: Duration of labor, up to 24 hours

  19. Neonatal Intubation within 72 hours of birth

    Time frame: From time of delivery to 72 hours later

  20. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) within 72 hours of birth

    Use of CPAP for neonate within 72 hours of birth

    Time frame: From time of delivery to 72 hours later

  21. High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) within 72 hours of birth

    Time frame: From time of delivery to 72 hours later

  22. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation within 72 hours of birth

    Time frame: From time of delivery to 72 hours later

  23. Neonatal Hypoglycemia (glucose <35 mg/dL) requiring IV glucose therapy

    Time frame: From time of delivery to time of hospital discharge, up to 1 year following delivery

  24. Birthweight

    Infant birthweight

    Time frame: From time of delivery to time of hospital discharge, up to 1 year following delivery

  25. Neonatal encephalopathy

    Time frame: From time of delivery to time of hospital discharge, up to 1 year following delivery

  26. Seizures

    Incidence of neonatal seizures

    Time frame: From time of delivery to time of hospital discharge, up to 1 year following delivery

  27. Shoulder dystocia

    Incidence of shoulder dystocia

    Time frame: From time of delivery to time of hospital discharge, up to 1 year following delivery

  28. Birth trauma

    Incidence of neonatal birth trauma

    Time frame: From time of delivery to time of hospital discharge, up to 1 year following delivery

  29. Intracranial hemorrhage

    Incidence of neonatal intracranial hemorrhage

    Time frame: From time of delivery to time of hospital discharge, up to 1 year following delivery

  30. Hyperbilirubinemia requiring phototherapy or exchange transfusion

    Incidence of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia requiring phototherapy or exchange transfusion

    Time frame: From time of delivery to time of hospital discharge, up to 1 year following delivery

  31. NICU admission

    Admission of neonate to the neonatal intensive care unit

    Time frame: From time of delivery to time of hospital discharge, up to 1 year following delivery

07

Study locations

1 of 1 sites recruiting
08

References and documents

Publications

  • Gabbe SG, Calfas J, Simpson JL, et al. Obstetrics: Normal and Problem Pregnancies. Elsevier; 2017. doi:10.1016/C2013-0-00408-2
  • Fishel Bartal M, Ashby Cornthwaite JA, Ghafir D, Ward C, Ortiz G, Louis A, Cornthwaite J, Chauhan SSP, Sibai BM. Time in Range and Pregnancy Outcomes in People with Diabetes Using Continuous Glucose Monitoring. Am J Perinatol. 2023 Apr;40(5):461-466. doi: 10.1055/a-1904-9279. Epub 2022 Jul 20. PubMed 35858653 ↗
  • Jethwani P, Saboo B, Jethwani L, Chawla R, Maheshwari A, Agarwal S, Jaggi S. Use of insulin glargine during pregnancy: A review. Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2021 Jan-Feb;15(1):379-384. doi: 10.1016/j.dsx.2021.01.012. Epub 2021 Jan 22. PubMed 33540243 ↗
  • Feghali M, Venkataramanan R, Caritis S. Pharmacokinetics of drugs in pregnancy. Semin Perinatol. 2015 Nov;39(7):512-9. doi: 10.1053/j.semperi.2015.08.003. PubMed 26452316 ↗
  • Eledrisi M, Suleiman NN, Salameh O, Khair Hamad M, Rabadi O, Mohamed A, Al Adawi R, Salam A. Twice-daily insulin glargine for patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Clin Transl Endocrinol. 2018 Dec 11;15:35-36. doi: 10.1016/j.jcte.2018.12.002. eCollection 2019 Mar. No abstract available. PubMed 30619716 ↗
  • Ashwell SG, Gebbie J, Home PD. Twice-daily compared with once-daily insulin glargine in people with Type 1 diabetes using meal-time insulin aspart. Diabet Med. 2006 Aug;23(8):879-86. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2006.01913.x. PubMed 16911626 ↗
  • Lepore M, Pampanelli S, Fanelli C, Porcellati F, Bartocci L, Di Vincenzo A, Cordoni C, Costa E, Brunetti P, Bolli GB. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of subcutaneous injection of long-acting human insulin analog glargine, NPH insulin, and ultralente human insulin and continuous subcutaneous infusion of insulin lispro. Diabetes. 2000 Dec;49(12):2142-8. doi: 10.2337/diabetes.49.12.2142. PubMed 11118018 ↗
  • Heinemann L, Linkeschova R, Rave K, Hompesch B, Sedlak M, Heise T. Time-action profile of the long-acting insulin analog insulin glargine (HOE901) in comparison with those of NPH insulin and placebo. Diabetes Care. 2000 May;23(5):644-9. doi: 10.2337/diacare.23.5.644. PubMed 10834424 ↗
  • Candido R, Wyne K, Romoli E. A Review of Basal-Bolus Therapy Using Insulin Glargine and Insulin Lispro in the Management of Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Ther. 2018 Jun;9(3):927-949. doi: 10.1007/s13300-018-0422-4. Epub 2018 Apr 13. PubMed 29654514 ↗
  • Westerbacka J, Duverne M, Grulovic N, Thummisetti S, Doder Z. Insulin glargine 300 U/mL safety data in pregnancy. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2025 May;27(5):2322-2325. doi: 10.1111/dom.16295. Epub 2025 Mar 19. No abstract available. PubMed 40105254 ↗
  • American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists' Committee on Practice Bulletins-Obstetrics. ACOG Practice Bulletin No. 201: Pregestational Diabetes Mellitus. Obstet Gynecol. 2018 Dec;132(6):e228-e248. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000002960. PubMed 30461693 ↗

Study documents

PDFs hosted by the registry, ClinicalTrials.gov.

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No

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Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on May 15, 2026, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
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Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT07224893
Lead sponsor
Eastern Virginia Medical School
Responsible party
Marwan Ma'ayeh (Assistant Professor, Eastern Virginia Medical School) — Principal investigator
First posted
Nov 5, 2025
Start date
May 18, 2026 (estimated)
Primary completion
Dec 1, 2027 (estimated)
Completion
Dec 1, 2027 (estimated)
Last update
May 15, 2026

Study contacts

Marwan Ma'ayeh, MD
Contact
maayehmg@odu.edu
7574467900

Oversight

FDA-regulated drug
Yes
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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