An observational study in Masculinity, Nursing and Scale Reliability Validity, sponsored by Kaohsiung Medical University. Completed at 1 site in Indonesia. Open to participants aged 17 Years and older, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-01-27.
Sponsored by Kaohsiung Medical University · Observational
This study aimed to adapt and validate the Toxic Masculinity Scale (TMS) for use among nursing students in Indonesia, ensuring its cultural relevance and psychometric soundness. The process involved cross-cultural adaptation through translation, expert review, and pilot testing, followed by psychometric evaluation using a sample of Indonesian nursing students.
This study aimed to adapt and validate the Toxic Masculinity Scale (TMS) for use among nursing students in Indonesia, ensuring its cultural relevance and psychometric soundness. The process involved cross-cultural adaptation through translation, expert review, and pilot testing, followed by psychometric evaluation using a sample of Indonesian nursing students.
Key steps included: Translation and back-translation of the original scale, Content validation by experts in gender studies and nursing education, Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses (EFA \& CFA) to test construct validity and Reliability testing using Cronbach's alpha for internal consistency
Kaohsiung Medical University is the lead sponsor of 55 studies on the registry; 16 are open to participants now.
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all nursing students are in indonesia national wide
Exclusion Criteria:
Toxic Masculinity
The Toxic Masculinity Scale (TMS-28) measures endorsement of harmful masculine norms across four domains: Masculine Superiority, Gender Rigidity, Emotional Restriction, and Repressed Suffering. Higher scores indicate stronger beliefs in male dominance, rigid gender binaries, emotional suppression, and avoidance of help when in pain. In validation samples, average scores were around 58 (on a 28-140 range), suggesting generally low-to-moderate endorsement. The scale demonstrated excellent reliability (α ≈ .93) and strong validity, correlating positively with traditional masculinity norms and negatively with feminist attitudes. These outcomes help identify patterns of toxic masculinity that may impact well-being and relationships.
Time frame: one time
Plan to share: Undecided — Individual Participant Data (IPD) will not be shared due to confidentiality concerns and ethical restrictions outlined in the informed consent process. Participants were assured that their data would only be used for the purposes of this study and would not be shared publicly or with third parties.
This study is completed, as verified in Jan 2026. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.
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Kaohsiung Medical University