ClinicalTrials.gg
Not yet recruitingNCT06884384DOWAPSUpdated Jun 13, 2025

DOAC Versus VKA in Patients With Non-high-risk APS : Prospective Cohort Study

An observational study in Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS), Cohort Study and Thrombotic and Bleeding Events, sponsored by Central Hospital, Nancy, France. Not yet recruiting at 13 sites in France. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2025-06-13.

Sponsored by Central Hospital, Nancy, France · Observational

Study type
Observational
Model
Cohort
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrollment
310
Ages
18 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Where this study stands

Counted across the records on this site · 2026-11-12

Among 31 studies in Antiphospholipid Syndrome with a site in France — 11 open to participants now, 11 under way, 1 of them phase 3. Antiphospholipid Syndrome · France.

Planned enrollment
9th of 17
310 · median 310
Started
2025
with 2 others
Observational
17 of 31
5 open now
Primary completion
2031-09
later than 9 of 10 live
Registered
26th of 31
by date
Lead sponsor
5 of 31
Central Hospital, Nancy, France

Among the 31 studies in Antiphospholipid Syndrome with a site in France, this one is the 9th largest by planned enrollment of the 17 observational ones that give a count, is one of 3 that started in 2025, is one of 17 observational ones, reaches primary completion later than 9 of the 10 other live ones, and was the 26th registered.

Antiphospholipid Syndrome

121 studies on the registry are indexed under Antiphospholipid Syndrome; 52 are open to participants now.

Browse Antiphospholipid Syndrome studies →

Open to participants now

11 of the 31 studies in Antiphospholipid Syndrome with a site in France are open now. Recruiting first, the newest first:

5 more — sign in →

All 11 open studies →

A study can be open while its sites in France have not opened yet or have stopped. Only those recruiting at a site in France →

Who these studies take

Of the 38 Antiphospholipid Syndrome studies recruiting now, 14 (37%) set no upper age limit and 19 (50%) stop at 75 or younger; 5 take children under 18; 5 take healthy volunteers.

This study: 18 Years and older · all sexes · no healthy volunteers.

The full table on the hub →

This tab as a report to print or save as PDF → With an account.

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Watch this landscapeDownload CSVNarrow it in search →With an account: a weekly mail of what changed among 31 studies in Antiphospholipid Syndrome with a site in France, or all of them as a file.
02

Study summary

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a thrombotic disease requiring prolonged anticoagulation. Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are indicated as 1st-line therapy in venous thrombosis, compared with VKAs, due to their easier handling and lower bleeding risk for equivalent efficacy. In APS, VKAs are still the reference treatment. However, DOACs are generally introduced in the acute phase of venous, before the diagnosis of APS. VKA have the disadvantage of numerous food and drug interactions, and therefore require close monitoring of INR, at least once a month. Because they are easier to use than VKAs, and the risk of bleeding is lower, patients are often reluctant to switch from DOACs to VKA. Studies have shown that APS patients with high thrombotic risk (positivity of all three antiphospholipid tests, history of arterial or small vessels thrombosis or cardiac valve damage) have an increased thrombotic risk during DOACs vs. VKA treatment. Since 2020, the ISTH guidelines have suggested avoiding DOACs in high-risk APS, but suggest continuing theim in other patients if they were introduced for venous thrombosis and if follow-up on DOACs is reassuring. In the case of high-risk APS patients, the relay is therefore systematic. For non-high-risk patients (the majority), there are no data to justify systematic switch. Given the quality-of-life advantages of DOACs over VKAs, patients are not always in favor of changing their anticoagulant therapy, especially if they have been on it for many years with good tolerability. For these reasons, a number of patients with non-high-risk APS remain on DOACs. Nevertheless, the limited data available on the efficacy of DOACs in non-high-risk patients are of low level of evidence and contradictory. In 2020, a literature review of non-high-risk SAPL patients treated with DOACs reported that 8.6% of them experienced thrombotic recurrence within 12 months, with no possible comparison with VKAs. A recent retrospective study with 96 patients reported that 15.4% of patients treated with DOACs had a recurrence, compared to 5.3% on VKAs. However, this difference was not statistically significant (p=0.15) due to a clear lack of power. The objective is to determine the frequency of thrombotic recurrences and to compare it according to the type of oral treatment, anti-Xa versus VKA, in non-high-risk APS, through a cohort study with prospective follow-up. The patient's usual antithrombotic treatment, DOAC and VKA, will be continued unchanged.

Read the detailed description

prospective cohort of APS patient treated with VKA or DOACs (specially oral Xa treatment).

APS patients will be non high risk patients (no triple positivity, any previous arterial or small vessels thrombosis or cardiac involvment).

the treatment taken by the patient at inclusion will not be modified. There will therefore be no change to the patient's usual management.

all patients will have a blood sample taken at inclusion as part of a routine blood test.

Patients will be prospectively follow up and the level of recurrence thrombotic event will be recorded

03

Conditions studied

  • Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS)
  • Cohort Study
  • Thrombotic and Bleeding Events

Keywords

  • Antiphospholipid Syndrome
  • VKA treatment
  • DOAC Treatment
  • biological analysis
  • Thrombotic and bleeding events
04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No
Sampling method
Non-probability sample

Study population

Population of "non-high-risk" thrombotic APS patients treated with oral AntiXa or VKA regarding the treatment already taken at inclusion. Non-high-risk" APS is defined by no history of arterial or small vessels thrombosis, any valvulopathy related to APS, and a biological profile with only one or two positive antiphospholipid tests.

Patients will be recruited via the departments authorized to manage them, during their consultation or hospitalization. Patients will be invited to participate in the study as part of their regular follow-up visit. There will be no change in current antithrombotic treatment at the time of inclusion.

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

  • Persons who have received full information about the organization of the research and have given their oral consent to participate.
  • Male or female 18 years of age or older;
  • Carrier of venous thrombotic SAPL:

    • Not favoured by a major or ≥ 2 minor favouring factors, if the patient doesn't present with obstetrical SAPL in accordance with the ACR/EULAR 2023 clinical classification criteria.
    • Or favored by ≥ 2 minors, if the patient has obstetrical SAPL: severe preeclampsia \< 34 weeks or placental insufficiency
    • Regardless of how long the disease has been present
    • With persistent positivity of at least one biological criterion:

      • Positivity of circulating lupus anticoagulant or IgG anticardiolipid or IgG anti-beta-2GPI
      • And persistence of the same positive test ≥ 12 weeks apart
      • And With maximum delay of positivity of the 1st antiphospholipid test of 3 years after the thrombotic event
  • Current anticoagulant treatment, regardless of date of introduction

    • rivaroxaban or apixaban
    • or antivitamin K
  • Patient affiliated to a social security system

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Venous thrombotic event motivating current anticoagulant treatment favoured by a major favouring factor:

    • Active cancer
    • Hospitalization with bed rest for at least 3 days in the 3 months preceding the event
    • Major trauma with fractures or spinal cord injury in the month preceding the event
    • Surgery with general/spinal/epidural anesthesia for > 30 minutes in the 3 months preceding the event.
  • In the absence of a history of pre-eclampsia or placental insufficiency: venous thrombotic event motivating current anticoagulant treatment favoured by 2 or more minor favouring factors:

    • Systemic disease or active inflammatory bowel disease
    • Acute/severe infection
    • Central venous catheter in the same vascular bed
    • Hormone replacement therapy, estrogenic oral , or hormone-stimulating therapy in progress
    • Long-distance travel (≥ 8 hours)
    • Obesity ( ≥ 30 kg/m²)
    • Pregnancy or post-partum (6 weeks after delivery)
    • Prolonged immobilization
    • Surgery with general/spinal/epidural anesthesia for \< 30 minutes in the 3 months preceding the event
  • Known triple antiphospholipid positivity
  • Isolated IgM antiphospholipid positivity
  • History of known arterial thrombosis
  • History of known microcirculatory thrombosis
  • Known SAPL-related cardiac valvular disease
  • Persons referred to in articles L. 1121-5, L. 1121-7 and L1121-8 of the Public Health Code
  • Persons deprived of their liberty by judicial or administrative decision, persons under psychiatric care under articles L. 3212-1 and L. 3213-1.
  • \< 30ml/min.
  • Weight \< 50kg
  • History of thrombotic recurrence under well-administered anticoagulant therapy.
Terms in these criteria, in plain language(4)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

Autoimmune disease

A condition in which the immune system attacks the body’s own tissues, such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, psoriasis, type 1 diabetes or inflammatory bowel disease.

Immunotherapy studies often leave out active autoimmune disease, and some name exceptions, such as thyroid disease on replacement hormone. Check the exceptions this study lists.

Contraception

Ways of preventing pregnancy. “Highly effective” methods fail less than 1% of the time a year when used correctly — for example an IUD or an implant.

Criteria usually say which methods count and how long to keep using them after the last dose, sometimes for male participants too. Some studies accept a partner’s vasectomy if it was confirmed successful and that person is the participant’s only sexual partner.

BMI (body mass index)

Weight in kilograms divided by height in metres squared. Example: 70 kg and 1.75 m gives 70 ÷ (1.75 × 1.75) ≈ 22.9.

What counts as overweight or obesity differs between countries (some use lower cut-offs), so go by the range the study states.

GFR and eGFR (kidney filtering)

GFR (glomerular filtration rate) is how much blood the kidneys filter each minute. It is usually estimated from a blood test — eGFR, by formulas such as CKD-EPI or MDRD — and some studies ask for it to be measured directly instead. Usually given in mL/min/1.73 m².

Check the method, the units and the minimum the study states. A value of 90 or above is in the normal-or-high range, but kidney damage can show in other tests too.

05

Study design

Observational model
Cohort
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrollment
310 participants (estimated)
Patient registry
No
Biospecimen retention
Samples without dna

Groups and cohorts

  • Patient with VKA treatment

    Population of "non-high-risk" thrombotic APS patients treated with VKAs, regardless of how long they have been on therapy. "Non-high-risk" APS is defined by the absence of a history of arterial or microcirculatory thrombosis, the absence of valvulopathy related to APS and a biological profile with only one or two positive antiphospholipid tests.

    Biological: Additional blood collection during routine blood sampling at the inclusion (33.9 ml) and at the thrombotic recurrence (between 3.5 and 5 ml) · Behavioral: Completion of a questionnaire on compliance with anticoagulant treatment · Behavioral: Completion of a questionnaire on satisfaction with treatment anticoagulant

  • Patient with DOAC treatment

    Population of "non-high-risk" thrombotic APS patients treated with oral AntiXa, regardless of how long they have been treated. Non-high-risk" APS is defined by the absence of a history of arterial or microcirculatory thrombosis, the absence of valvulopathy related to APS, and a biological profile with only one or two positive antiphospholipid tests.

    Biological: Additional blood collection during routine blood sampling at the inclusion (33.9 ml) and at the thrombotic recurrence (between 3.5 and 5 ml) · Behavioral: Completion of a questionnaire on compliance with anticoagulant treatment · Behavioral: Completion of a questionnaire on satisfaction with treatment anticoagulant

Interventions

  • BiologicalAdditional blood collection during routine blood sampling at the inclusion (33.9 ml) and at the thrombotic recurrence (between 3.5 and 5 ml)

    At inclusion, the blood sample is used to perform thrombin generation tests (activated protein C resistance profile and ratio), classical and innovative aPL assays centrally to limit the fluctuation inherent in the tests used and enable comparison between patients, immunothrombosis markers: circulating neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) assay, sTREM-1 assay In the event of recurrence, blood sampling can be used to confirm compliance with treatment by measuring the anti Xa activity of the drug or INR

  • BehavioralCompletion of a questionnaire on compliance with anticoagulant treatment

    The Girerd questionnaire (6 questions) will be proposed to patients in order to estimate the degree of compliance with AODs and VKAs at inclusion and at each follow-up visit for the duration of their participation in the study.

    Also known as: GIRERD questionnaire

  • BehavioralCompletion of a questionnaire on satisfaction with treatment anticoagulant

    The ACTS questionnaire (15 questions) will be proposed to them in order to estimate their satisfaction with their anticoagulant treatment (AOD or AVK) at inclusion and at each follow-up visit for the duration of their participation in the study.

    Also known as: Anti-Clot Treatment Scale - ACTS

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Frequency of thrombotic recurrence between the 2 arms

    Occurrence (percentage at group level) of thrombotic recurrence within 24 months of inclusion confirmed by objective examination and defined by the occurrence of one of the following events: * Venous thrombosis of any location or pulmonary embolism * Arterial thrombosis in any location * Microcirculatory thrombosis in any location

    Time frame: "From enrollment to the thrombotic recurrence or the end of the study (24 months post-inclusion)

Secondary outcomes

  1. Risk Factors of thrombotic recurrence on the 2 arms

    The risk factors for thrombotic recurrence tested were: age, gender, cardiovascular risk factors, manifestations associated with APS, associated autoimmune diseases, biological parameters (antiXa activity, INR, biomarkers of immunothrombosis collected as part of the research.

    Time frame: Biological parameters : at the end of the study after the last visit of the last patient. No biological parameters : from enrollment to the end of follow-up (24 months post-inclusion or thrombotic recurrence)

  2. Occurrence of major hemorrhage between the 2 arms

    Major bleeding as defined by the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis within Haemostasis within 24 months of inclusion

    Time frame: From enrollment to the end of follow-up (24 month post-inclusion or thrombotic recurrence)

  3. Occurrence of clinically relevant hemorrhage between the 2 arms

    Occurrence of clinically relevant bleeding as defined by the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis within 24 months of inclusion

    Time frame: From enrollment to the end of follow-up (24 months post-inclusion or thrombotic recurrence)

  4. Occurrence of a minor bleed between the 2 arms

    Occurrence of a minor bleed within 24 months of inclusion, defined as a bleed that does not meet the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis definition of clinically relevant major or non-major bleeding.

    Time frame: From enrollment to the end of follow-up (24 months post-inclusion or thrombotic recurrence)

  5. Net clinical benefit defined as a composite endpoint between the 2 arms

    Net clinical benefit defined as a composite endpoint including venous, arterial or microcirculatory thrombotic recurrence, cardiovascular death or major bleeding as defined by ISTH during 24-month follow-up.

    Time frame: From enrollment to the end of follow-up (24 months post-inclusion or thrombotic recurrence)

  6. Drug Compliance evaluation between the 2 arms

    Drug Compliance score assessed by Girerd test at baseline and follow-up visits. Score between 0 to 6. 0 indicates a good observance, 1 to 2 : minimal observance problem and ≥ 3 : Poor compliance

    Time frame: From enrollment to the end of follow-up (24 months post-inclusion or thrombotic recurrence)

  7. Quality of life under anticoagulants evaluation by Anti-Clot Treatment Scale (ACTS) satisfaction scores between the 2 arms

    Anti-Clot Treatment Scale (ACTS) satisfaction scores measured at inclusion and at follow-up visits. The ACTS Burdens total score ranges from 12 to 60, and the ACTS Benefits total score ranges from 3 to 15. A high score for both indicates better quality of life on anticoagulants

    Time frame: From enrollment to the end of follow-up (24 months post-inclusion or thrombotic recurrence)

07

Study locations

13 sites
08

References and documents

Publications

  • Williams B, Saseen JJ, Trujillo T, Palkimas S. Direct oral anticoagulants versus warfarin in patients with single or double antibody-positive antiphospholipid syndrome. J Thromb Thrombolysis. 2022 Jul;54(1):67-73. doi: 10.1007/s11239-021-02587-0. Epub 2021 Nov 24. PubMed 34817786 ↗
  • Dufrost V, Darnige L, Reshetnyak T, Vorobyeva M, Jiang X, Yan XX, Gerotziafas G, Jing ZC, Elalamy I, Wahl D, Zuily S. New Insights into the Use of Direct Oral Anticoagulants in Non-high Risk Thrombotic APS Patients: Literature Review and Subgroup Analysis from a Meta-analysis. Curr Rheumatol Rep. 2020 May 20;22(7):25. doi: 10.1007/s11926-020-00901-y. PubMed 32436109 ↗
  • Zuily S, Cohen H, Isenberg D, Woller SC, Crowther M, Dufrost V, Wahl D, Dore CJ, Cuker A, Carrier M, Pengo V, Devreese KMJ. Use of direct oral anticoagulants in patients with thrombotic antiphospholipid syndrome: Guidance from the Scientific and Standardization Committee of the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. J Thromb Haemost. 2020 Sep;18(9):2126-2137. doi: 10.1111/jth.14935. PubMed 32881337 ↗
  • Dufrost V, Risse J, Reshetnyak T, Satybaldyeva M, Du Y, Yan XX, Salta S, Gerotziafas G, Jing ZC, Elalamy I, Wahl D, Zuily S. Increased risk of thrombosis in antiphospholipid syndrome patients treated with direct oral anticoagulants. Results from an international patient-level data meta-analysis. Autoimmun Rev. 2018 Oct;17(10):1011-1021. doi: 10.1016/j.autrev.2018.04.009. Epub 2018 Aug 11. PubMed 30103045 ↗
  • Pengo V, Denas G, Zoppellaro G, Jose SP, Hoxha A, Ruffatti A, Andreoli L, Tincani A, Cenci C, Prisco D, Fierro T, Gresele P, Cafolla A, De Micheli V, Ghirarduzzi A, Tosetto A, Falanga A, Martinelli I, Testa S, Barcellona D, Gerosa M, Banzato A. Rivaroxaban vs warfarin in high-risk patients with antiphospholipid syndrome. Blood. 2018 Sep 27;132(13):1365-1371. doi: 10.1182/blood-2018-04-848333. Epub 2018 Jul 12. PubMed 30002145 ↗

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No

09

Timeline

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
ElapsedEstimatedEstimated, not yet reached

Start is estimated for Sep 2025; primary completion for Sep 2031, 72 months later.

How these figures are worked out, and which studies are left out of them.

Registered
Mar 13, 2025
First posted
Mar 19, 2025
StartEst.
Sep 15, 2025
Primary completionEst.
Sep 15, 2031
CompletionEst.
Sep 15, 2031
Last update
Jun 13, 2025
What these dates mean
Start.
When the first participant enrolled; while estimated, when the study expects to open to recruitment.
Primary completion.
When the last participant was examined or treated to collect data for the study's main question, its primary outcome. A study that stopped early gives the date its data collection stopped.
Completion.
When the last participant's last visit took place, for every outcome, secondary ones and side effects included: the end of the study. Often later than primary completion, sometimes the same day.
Actual and Est.
Actual means the registry says the date has happened. Est. (estimated) is a date the sponsor plans or expects. It can still move, and the sponsor is expected to change it to actual once it has passed.
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Jun 13, 2025, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT06884384
Responsible party
Virginie Dufrost (Principal Investigator, Central Hospital, Nancy, France) — Principal investigator
First posted
Mar 19, 2025
Start date
Sep 15, 2025 (estimated)
Primary completion
Sep 15, 2031 (estimated)
Completion
Sep 15, 2031 (estimated)
Last update
Jun 13, 2025

Study contacts

Virginie DUFROST, MD
principal investigator · CHRU - Nancy

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is not yet recruiting, as verified in Apr 2025. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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