ClinicalTrials.gg
RecruitingNCT06212518Updated Jan 19, 2024

Transdermal Optical Imaging (TOI) as a Non-invasive Measure to Detect Changes in Hydration Status in Healthy Adults and Athletes

An interventional study of GENPOP ad libitum fluid intake and GENPOP fluid restriction in Dehydration, sponsored by PepsiCo Global R&D. Recruiting at 4 sites in United States. Open to participants aged 14 Years to 65 Years, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2024-01-19.

Sponsored by PepsiCo Global R&D (part of PepsiCo, Inc.) · Not applicable, Interventional, and Basic science

From the registry’s dates

  • Primary completion was expected by Aug 2024, 2 years 2 months ago, but the record still lists the study as recruiting.
  • Started Oct 2023; still recruiting 3 years 1 month later.
Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
1,000
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
14 Years to 65 Years
Sex
All
01

Study summary

The primary objective of this study is to analyze smart phone-based Transdermal Optical Imaging (TOI) features to develop a model that can discern hydration status, including: 1) at various timepoints throughout a 24-hour period in healthy adults from the general population (GENPOP), and 2) before and after a team coach-led training session in athletes competing in a sport (ATHLETE). TOI data will be collected alongside standard reference measures of hydration status.

In this study each subject will serve as their own control.

02

Conditions studied

  • Dehydration

Keywords

  • hydration
  • dehydration
  • euhydration
  • hypohydration
  • exercise
  • Transdermal Optical Imaging
  • TOI
03

In context

Dehydration

201 studies on the registry are indexed under Dehydration; 28 are open to participants now.

This study's planned enrollment of 1,000 is above the median of 43 across 145 interventional studies indexed under Dehydration.

Browse Dehydration studies →

Lead sponsor

PepsiCo Global R&D is the lead sponsor of 103 studies on the registry; 8 are open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
14 Years to 65 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
Yes

Go through the criteria one by one — yes, no or not sure — and take the list to your doctor or the study team. Kept in this browser only.

Inclusion criteria

Both Study Arms (GENPOP and ATHLETE)

  • Subject is male or female
  • If female, subject is not pregnant
  • Subject is willing to avoid alcohol consumption 24 hours prior to visit(s)
  • Subject is willing to avoid wearing makeup to the study session or willing to remove it with facial wipes before the face scans
  • Subject is willing to shave facial hair if predetermined during the session it will interfere with TOI measurement
  • Able to speak, write, and read English
  • Provision of written consent to participate

GENPOP Study

  • Study subject is 18-65 years of age, inclusive
  • Subject does not smoke (or has quit for at least 6 months)
  • Subject is not taking medication that may interfere with the study
  • Subject has no health conditions that would prevent completion of the trial as indicated on the general health questionnaire (GHQ)
  • Subject is willing to fast overnight (\~8-12 hours)
  • Subject is willing to refrain from vigorous exercise for 48 hours
  • Subject is willing to eat the exact same food the day prior to each visit to the testing site

ATHLETE Study

  • Study subject is 14-45 years of age, inclusive
  • Subject is participating in team sport training/competition
  • Subject is participating in a coach-led practice

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

Both Study Arms (GENPOP and ATHLETE)

  • Subject has participated or currently enrolled in a clinical trial within the past 30 days
  • Subject has participated in any PepsiCo trial within past 6 months
  • Subject has a condition or is taking medication that the investigator believes would interfere with his/her ability to provide , comply with the study protocol, which might confound the interpretation of the study results, or put the person at undue risk
  • Subject is allergic to alcohol or facial cleansing wipes
  • Subject is employed by, or has a parent, guardian, or other immediate family member employed by a company that manufactures any products that compete with any Gatorade product. If subject is unsure if a company would be considered a competitor to Gatorade, they will be asked to please let the study investigator know the name of the other company and the nature of their relationship to that company before they sign the informed consent.

GENPOP Study

  • Subject has a health condition or is taking medication that can be worsened by fluid restriction (participants who opt-in to fluid restriction study arm only)
Terms in these criteria, in plain language(1)

Underlined terms in the criteria open these too. Explained by clinicaltrials.gg, not part of the registry record. The study team decides who can take part.

Informed consent

Before you join, the study team explains what taking part involves — its purpose, what happens, the risks and possible benefits — and answers your questions, so you can decide freely. Consent is usually recorded on a form (the informed consent form, ICF) signed by you or, where the law allows, by someone legally authorised to decide for you.

You can keep asking questions during the study, you are told of new information that matters, and you can choose to leave at any time.

05

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Basic science
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Parallel assignment
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
1,000 participants (estimated)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    GENPOP passive dehydration

    In the 24 hours between the first and last face scan, reduce fluid intake by approximately 75% (equating to approximately 700 ml (women) and 800 ml (men)). Participants will be provided pre-filled water bottles and asked to only ingest fluid in bottle until second morning face scan.

    Other: GENPOP fluid restriction

  • Experimental
    GENPOP ad libitum fluid intake

    No fluid restriction

    Other: GENPOP ad libitum fluid intake

  • Experimental
    ATHLETE with fluid restriction

    For 24 hours prior to the study session, encouraged to drink sufficient fluid to maintain euhydration. Asked to refrain from alcohol 24 hours prior to session. Not permitted to drink during training session.

    Other: ATHLETE restricted fluid intake

  • Experimental
    ATHLETE ad libitum fluid intake

    For 24 hours prior to the study session, encouraged to drink sufficient fluid to maintain euhydration. Asked to refrain from alcohol 24 hours prior to session. Permitted to drink during training session.

    Other: ATHLETE ad libitum fluid intake

Interventions

  • OtherGENPOP ad libitum fluid intake

    Unrestricted fluid intake.

  • OtherGENPOP fluid restriction

    In the 24 hours between the first and last face scan, reduce fluid intake by approximately 75% (equating to approximately 700 ml (women) and 800 ml (men)).

  • OtherATHLETE ad libitum fluid intake

    No restriction on fluid intake

  • OtherATHLETE restricted fluid intake

    Not permitted to drink during training session.

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Transdermal Optical Imaging (TOI) signals

    Blood flow patterns of the face obtained from the video camera on a smart phone

    Time frame: Four time points for GENPOP over 24 hours (Day 1 ~8 a.m., ~11:30 a.m., ~3:30 p.m., Day 2 ~8.a.m.; for ATHLETES, on arrival before a single ~45 minute exercise training session and immediately following a 30 minute cool down period post-exercise

  2. Standard measurement of hydration status: Body mass change

    Body mass scale (Tanita, WB-800 Plus) to the nearest 0.01 kilogram (kg)

    Time frame: Four time points for GENPOP over 24 hours (Day 1 ~8 a.m., ~11:30 a.m., ~3:30 p.m., Day 2 ~8.a.m.; for ATHLETES, upon arrival before a single ~45 minute exercise training session and again immediately after exercise

  3. Standard measurements of hydration status: Urine specific gravity

    Digital pen refractometer (Atago, PEN-Urine SG)

    Time frame: Four time points for GENPOP over 24 hours (Day 1 ~8 a.m., ~11:30 a.m., ~3:30 p.m., Day 2 ~8.a.m.; for ATHLETES, upon arrival before a single ~45 minute exercise training session and again immediately after exercise

  4. Standard measurements of hydration status: Urine color

    Color range scale rated from dilute to concentrated. 1=clear through yellows and oranges with most orange =7

    Time frame: Four time points for GENPOP over 24 hours (Day 1 ~8 a.m., ~11:30 a.m., ~3:30 p.m., Day 2 ~8.a.m.; for ATHLETES, upon arrival before a single ~45 minute exercise training session and again immediately after exercise

  5. Standard measurements of hydration status: Thirst

    Categorical scale from 1=Not thirsty at all, to 7=very, very thirsty

    Time frame: Four time points for GENPOP over 24 hours (Day 1 ~8 a.m., ~11:30 a.m., ~3:30 p.m., Day 2 ~8.a.m.; for ATHLETES, on arrival before a single ~45 minute exercise training session and immediately following a 30 minute cool down period post-exercise

Secondary outcomes

  1. Subject demographics - Age

    in years

    Time frame: At screening

  2. Subject demographics - Sex

    male or female

    Time frame: At screening

  3. Subject demographics - Ethnicity

    Hispanic or Latino, or not Hispanic or Latino

    Time frame: At screening

  4. Subject demographics - Race

    American Indian, Alaska native, Asian, Black or African American, Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander, White

    Time frame: At screening

  5. Fitzpatrick classification of skin color

    Skin type from 1=White skin, always burns, never tans to 6 = Black skin, heavily pigmented, never burns, tans very easily

    Time frame: At screening

  6. Mood scale

    Rated from 1=Calm to 9=Irritated

    Time frame: Four time points for GENPOP over 24 hours (Day 1 ~8 a.m., ~11:30 a.m., ~3:30 p.m., Day 2 ~8.a.m.; for ATHLETES, on arrival before a single ~45 minute exercise training session and immediately following a 30 minute cool down period post-exercise

  7. Dietary and fluid intake

    Food and fluid intake recorded on a paper log

    Time frame: For GENPOP from 24 hours prior to Day 1 visit (~8 a.m.) through end of testing period (Day 2 ~8 a.m.). For ATHLETES from 24 hours to prior to start of single ~45 minute exercise session (if fluid restricted) or to end of exercise (if ad lib fluid intake)

07

Study locations

4 of 4 sites recruiting
  • Pepsico R&D Life Sciences
    Bradenton, Florida 34210, United States
    Recruiting
  • PepsiCo R&D Gatorade Sports Science Institute
    Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
    Recruiting
  • PepsiCo R&D, Gatorade Sports Science Institute
    Valhalla, New York 10595, United States
    Recruiting
    • Matthew Hinkley, PhD · ContactMatt.Hinkley@pepsico.com · 914-742-4975
    • Matthew Hinkley, PhD · Principal investigator
  • PepsiCo R&D, Gatorade Sports Science Institute
    Plano, Texas 75024, United States
    Recruiting
08

References and documents

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No

No publications or documents are linked to this record.

09

Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Jan 19, 2024, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT06212518
Lead sponsor
PepsiCo Global R&D
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Jan 19, 2024
Start date
Oct 2, 2023
Primary completion
Aug 31, 2024 (estimated)
Completion
Aug 31, 2024 (estimated)
Last update
Jan 19, 2024

Study contacts

Matthew Hinkley, PhD
Contact
Matt.Hinkley@pepsico.com
914-742-4975
Lindsay Baker, PhD
study director · PepsiCo, Inc. Sports Science
Matt Hinkley, PhD
principal investigator · Pepsico, Inc. Sports Science

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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