CClinicalTrials.gg
TerminatedNCT06006923Updated Jan 20, 2026

Regorafenib in Combination With Pembrolizumab or Pembrolizumab for MSI-H Colorectal Cancer

A Phase 2 interventional study of Regorafenib and Pembrolizumab in MSI-H Colorectal Cancer, sponsored by Anwaar Saeed. Terminated at 1 site in United States. Open to participants aged 18 Years and older. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-01-20.

Sponsored by Anwaar Saeed · Phase 2, Interventional, and Treatment

Why this study was terminated
Terminated per directive from Bayer due to funding.

From the registry’s dates

  • Primary completion was Jul 2025, 1 year 2 months ago, and no results have been posted to the registry.
Phase
Phase 2
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
1
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years and older
Sex
All
01

Study summary

This is a trial of Regorafenib in combination with pembrolizumab for patients with MSI-H colorectal cancer consisting of lead-in phase examining preliminary efficacy and safety, followed by a randomized phase to further examine efficacy.

Read the detailed description

Regorafenib is a multi-kinase inhibitor that targets several receptor tyrosine kinases including vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR). Regorafenib may also have immunomodulatory affect in the tumor microenvironment. Preclinical and early clinical studies indicate there is a potential for synergistic activity of regorafenib with immune checkpoint inhibitors that can be leveraged to augment antitumor immunity. Pembrolizumab, anti-PD1 blockade, has been approved for patients with high microsatellite instability (MSI-H) colorectal cancer (CRC) as first line therapy. However, there is still an unmet need to enhance the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors for patients with MSI-H colorectal cancer. The efficacy of TKI and immune checkpoint inhibitor combination have been shown in clinical studies for solid tumors particularly for those that are responsive to immune checkpoint inhibitors therapy. Therefore, there is strong rationale for the combination of regorafenib and pembrolizumab in MSI-H colorectal cancer in which there is increased VEGF activity compared to MSS counterpart. A recent retrospective study showed significantly improved response to regorafenib among patients with MSI-H colorectal cancer, compared to patients with MSS colorectal cancer. Collectively, this combination may increase anti-tumor immune response and clinical effectiveness of immunotherapy for patients with MSI-H colorectal cancer. Based on prior clinical trials, the target regorafenib dose in this study is determined to be 90 mg. However, patients in the lead-in phase will receive regorafenib 60 mg in combination with 200mg of pembrolizumab Q3 weeks in the first cycle to increase tolerance and study compliance. The dose of regorafenib will be increased to 90 mg by Cycle 2. An interim analysis will be performed after completion of data collection for the lead-in phase. Target enrollment for the lead-in phase is approximately 22 patients. Following the futility analysis in lead-in phase, the randomized phase target enrollment is determined to be 66 patients per arm, for a total trial enrollment of 154 participants. Patients who received 3 or less cycles of chemotherapy prior to the determination of MMR-D and MSI-H disease can be enrolled in this trial.

02

Conditions studied

  • MSI-H Colorectal Cancer

Keywords

  • multi-kinase inhibitor
  • receptor tyrosine kinases
  • anti-PD1 blockade
  • immune checkpoint inhibitor
  • vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR)
03

In context

Lead sponsor

Anwaar Saeed is the lead sponsor of 5 studies on the registry; 3 are open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years and older
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Inclusion criteria

  1. Histologically confirmed mismatch repair deficient or microsatellite instability high advanced stage colorectal cancer
  2. Measurable disease (per RECIST v1.1)
  3. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status 0 to 1
  4. Age > 18
  5. The patient must be able to swallow oral medication.
  6. Adequate organ function based on the following lab assessments:

    1. ANC must be ≥ 1500/mm3
    2. platelet count must be ≥ 100,000/mm3
    3. WBC count ≥ 2.5 × 109 /L
    4. Hemoglobin must be ≥ 9 g/dL
    5. Alkaline phosphatase ≤ 2.5× upper limit of normal (ULN) with the exception of patients with documented liver or bone metastases who should have ALP ≤ 5.0× ULN
    6. AST and ALT ≤ 2.5× ULN with the exception of patients with documented liver metastases who may have AST and/or ALT ≤ 5.0× ULN
    7. International normalized ratio (INR) ≤ 1.5 x ULN and partial thromboplastin time (PTT) or activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) ≤ 1.5 x ULN unless receiving treatment with therapeutic anticoagulation
    8. Total bilirubin ≤ 1.5× ULN (≤ 3× ULN if Gilbert syndrome present)
    9. Serum albumin ≥ 2.8 g/dL or 28 g/L
    10. Creatinine clearance ≥ 50 mL/min (calculated using the Cockcroft-Gault formula) or creatinine ≤ 1.5× ULN
  7. No more than three cycles of prior fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy including folinic acid, fluorouracil, and oxaliplatin (FOLFOX); folinic acid, fluorouracil, and irinotecan (FOLFIRI); and, folinic acid, fluorouracil, oxaliplatin, and irinotecan (FOLFOXIRI) excluding adjuvant treatment
  8. Patients (male or female) of reproductive potential must agree to use an effective method of contraception (as discussed with treating physician) from the time consent is signed, during study therapy, and for at least 8 weeks after the last dose of study therapy.
  9. Patients who received no more than 1 cycle of pembrolizumab monotherapy will be still eligible to be enrolled in lead in phase of the trial

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. Prior anti-programmed death 1 (anti-PD-1) or anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (anti-CTLA-4) based therapy
  2. More than 3 cycles of chemotherapy or progression of disease on first line therapy excluding adjuvant treatment and any systemic anticancer treatment within 2 weeks or 5 half-lives (whichever is shorter) prior to start of study treatment
  3. Active autoimmune disease
  4. Pregnant or lactating females
  5. Uncontrolled human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and/or hepatitis C virus (HCV); patients with undetectable viral load and CD4 count > 200 will be eligible for enrollment
  6. Active untreated brain metastasis
  7. Uncontrolled hypertension (HTN: systolic pressure > 150 mmHg or diastolic pressure > 90 mmHg on repeated measurements) and cardiovascular events within 12 months of start of treatment
  8. Active infection or chronic infection requiring chronic suppressive antibiotics
  9. No active cancer such as colon cancer other than adenocarcinoma (e.g., sarcoma, lymphoma, carcinoid) within 1 year
  10. Patients with severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh C) are excluded as regorafenib has not been studied in this population and exposure might be increased in these patients
  11. Major surgical procedure or significant traumatic injury within 28 days before start of study medication
  12. Non-healing wound, non-healing ulcer, or non-healing bone fracture
  13. Patients with evidence or history of any bleeding diathesis, irrespective of severity
  14. Any hemorrhage or bleeding event ≥ CTCAE Grade 3 within 4 weeks prior to the start of study medication:

    1. Major surgical procedure or significant traumatic injury within 28 days before start of study medication
    2. Non-healing wound, non-healing ulcer, or non-healing bone fracture
    3. Patients with evidence or history of any bleeding diathesis, irrespective of severity
    4. Any hemorrhage or bleeding event ≥ CTCAE Grade 3 within 4 weeks prior to the start of study medication
05

Study design

Phase
Phase 2
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Sequential assignment
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
1 participant (actual)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Pembrolizumab + Regorafenib

    Pembrolizumab: 200mg, Q3 weeks Regorafenib: 60mg Cycle 1 Day 1 90 mg Cycle 2 Day 1

    Drug: Regorafenib · Drug: Pembrolizumab

  • Active comparator
    Pembrolizumab

    Pembrolizumab: 200mg, Q3 weeks

    Drug: Pembrolizumab

Interventions

  • DrugRegorafenib

    A multi-kinase inhibitor that targets several receptor tyrosine kinases including vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR), which may also have immunomodulatory affect in the tumor microenvironment.

    Also known as: BAY 73-4506, Stivarga

  • DrugPembrolizumab

    An anti-PD1 blockade / immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment approved for patients with high microsatellite instability (MSI-H) colorectal cancer (CRC) as first line therapy.

    Also known as: Keytruda

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Objective Response Rate (ORR), Lead-in Phase

    Percentage of patients with partial response (PR) or complete response (CR) to the treatment per RECIST 1.1. criteria. v1.1. Per RECIST v1.1: Complete Response (CR): Disappearance of all target lesions. Any pathological lymph nodes (target or nontarget) with reduction in short axis to \<10 mm. Partial Response (PR): ≥30% decrease in the sum of diameters of target lesions, taking as reference the baseline sum diameters.

    Time frame: Up to 12 months (lead-in phase)

  2. Progression-free Survival (PFS), Randomize Phase

    Median number of months from time of randomization to the date of disease progression or death from any cause. Per RECISIT v1.1: Progressive Disease (PD):≥20% increase in the sum of diameters of target lesions, taking as reference the smallest sum on study (this includes the baseline sum if that is the smallest on study). The sum must also demonstrate an absolute increase of ≥5 mm. The appearance ≥1 new lesion(s) is considered progression.

    Time frame: Up to 24 months

Secondary outcomes

  1. Adverse Events and Serious Adverse Events Related to Treatment

    Percentage of patients that experience Adverse Events (AEs) and/or Serious Adverse Events (SAEs) related to study treatment, per NCI Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) v5.0. The maximum grade for each type of toxicity will be recorded for each patient.

    Time frame: Up to 24 months (lead-in phase)

  2. Adverse Events and Serious Adverse Events Related to Treatment

    Percentage of patients that experience Adverse Events (AEs) and/or Serious Adverse Events (SAEs) related to study treatment, per NCI Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) v5.0. The maximum grade for each type of toxicity will be recorded for each patient.

    Time frame: Up to 24 months (beginning at start of post lead-in phase)

  3. Progression-free Survival (PFS), Lead-In Phase

    Median number of months from time of randomization to the date of disease progression or death from any cause. Per RECISIT v1.1: Progressive Disease (PD):≥20% increase in the sum of diameters of target lesions, taking as reference the smallest sum on study (this includes the baseline sum if that is the smallest on study). The sum must also demonstrate an absolute increase of ≥5 mm. The appearance ≥1 new lesion(s) is considered progression.

    Time frame: Up to 24 months

  4. Overall Survival (OS)

    Median number of months from start of treatment to death from any cause.

    Time frame: Up to 48 months (lead-in phase)

  5. Overall Survival (OS)

    Median number of months from time of randomization to death from any cause.

    Time frame: Up to 24 months (beginning at start of post lead-in phase)

  6. Objective Response Rate (ORR), Randomized Phase

    Percentage of patients with partial response (PR) or complete response (CR) to the treatment per RECIST 1.1. criteria. v1.1. Per RECIST v1.1: Complete Response (CR): Disappearance of all target lesions. Any pathological lymph nodes (target or nontarget) with reduction in short axis to \<10 mm. Partial Response (PR): ≥30% decrease in the sum of diameters of target lesions, taking as reference the baseline sum diameters.

    Time frame: Up to 12 months (beginning at start of post lead-in phase)

07

Study locations

1 site
  • UPMC Hillman Cancer Center
    Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15232, United States
08

References and documents

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No

No publications or documents are linked to this record.

09

Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Jan 20, 2026, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT06006923
Lead sponsor
Anwaar Saeed
Collaborators
Bayer
Responsible party
Anwaar Saeed (Associate Professor of Medicine, Chief, Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, University of Pittsburgh) — Sponsor-investigator
First posted
Aug 23, 2023
Start date
Jun 26, 2024
Primary completion
Jul 11, 2025
Completion
Nov 12, 2025
Last update
Jan 20, 2026

Study contacts

Anwaar H Saeed, MD
principal investigator · UPMC Hillman Cancer Center

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
Yes
FDA-regulated drug
Yes
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is terminated, as verified in Jan 2026. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

Follow this study

Get an email when the registry record changes — status, dates, results — or when someone posts here.

Sign in to follow

Discussion

Questions and observations about this study, from anyone following it. Not medical advice, and not a channel to the study team — their contact details are on the registry record.

Sign in to join the discussion. Reading takes no account; posting does. You choose a display name, and a pseudonym is the default.

Nothing here yet. If you are running this trial, taking part in it, or weighing whether to, this is the place to say so.

Start the discussion