CClinicalTrials.gg
Active, not recruitingNCT05837312Updated Oct 20, 2025

Testing the Effects of RISE on Eating Pathology

An interventional study of Reconnecting to Internal Sensations and Experiences in Eating Disorder Symptoms, sponsored by Auburn University. Active, not recruiting at 1 site in United States. Open to participants aged 10 Years to 65 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2025-10-20.

Sponsored by Auburn University · Not applicable, Interventional, and Treatment

Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
50
Allocation
Not applicable
Ages
10 Years to 65 Years
Sex
All
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Study summary

Interoception is the process of perceiving one's bodily sensations. Interoception is critical for survival and maintaining homeostasis, as it motivates sensation- and need-specific autonomic reflexes and adaptive behaviors (e.g., eating when hungry, terminating eating upon fullness, drinking when thirsty). Not all individuals have accurate interoceptive abilities. Individuals with eating disorders often have low perception of gastrointestinal, pain, and emotion sensations. Interoceptive dysfunction is believed to influence the development and maintenance of many forms of psychopathology. Identifying effective ways to restore accurate interoceptive processing is an important aim for clinical researchers. The goal of the present study is to continue to test the effectiveness of a training for interoceptive dysfunction that aims to reconnect individuals with eating disorders with their internal sensations, which is called, Reconnecting to Internal Sensations.

Read the detailed description

There are individual differences in how well people are able to recognize interoceptive sensations. Research supports a role for impaired interoception in the etiology of eating disorders (EDs), with the idea being that individuals who are out of touch with hunger and/or satiety are more vulnerable to restrictive and binge eating behaviors, respectively. Researchers have connected interoceptive impairment to self-injurious behaviors more broadly, including both direct (i.e., non-suicidal self-injury and suicide attempts) and indirect (i.e., ED behaviors) forms. The investigators have found support for the supposition that impaired interoception-or bodily disconnect-allows people to inflict pain (whether that be through ED behaviors or self-injury) upon themselves, as it is much easier to harm something one is unattached to versus something one cares for. Thus, improving interoception (e.g., helping people connect better with their bodies) may improve ED outcomes. This project seeks to test an accessible, online intervention designed to improve interoception and thereby reduce ED symptoms.

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Conditions studied

  • Eating Disorder Symptoms
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In context

Lead sponsor

Auburn University is the lead sponsor of 72 studies on the registry; 20 are open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

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Who can participate

Ages eligible
10 Years to 65 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No

Inclusion criteria

  • Clinical diagnosis of an eating disorder
  • Be a patient at the Louisville Center for Eating Disorders
  • Above age 10

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

*Under age 10

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Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Not applicable
Intervention model
Single group
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
50 participants (estimated)

Study arms

  • Experimental
    Reconnecting to Internal Sensations and Experiences

    The interoceptive training consists of four 25-30 minute modules (plus 15-minutes worth of optional weekly practice) that focus on multiple aspects of interoception including: body awareness, body sensations and movement, eating, health and selfcare, emotional awareness, and understanding the self in relation to others. These modules are delivered weekly.

    Behavioral: Reconnecting to Internal Sensations and Experiences

Interventions

  • BehavioralReconnecting to Internal Sensations and Experiences

    Reconnecting to Internal Sensations and Experiences (RISE) is a novel, self-guided interoceptive intervention designed to be accessible and convenient. RISE is hosted on Qualtrics and accessed on any internet-enabled device. RISE consists of four interactive 30-minute modules: (1) Progressive Muscle Relaxation and Body Functionality, (2) Understanding, Noticing and Managing Emotions, (3) Self-care and Communication, and (4) Body Sensations. The training consists of a mix of audio clips, psychoeducation, self-guided reading, and interactive writing prompts. Intervention materials are separated by multiple free-response prompts so that participants can relate the materials to their own lives, practice the introduced skills, and problem-solve difficulties implementing the skills.

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What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness, Version 2

    The Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness, Version 2 is 37-item scale that has 8 subscales that measure the ability to recognize and accurately identify emotions and physiological sensations. Each item is rated on a 0-5 Likert scale, thus total scores can range from 0-185. Higher scores indicate better interoceptive awareness.

    Time frame: Within one week of completing the intervention

  2. Eating Disorder Inventory - Interoceptive Deficits Subscale

    10 item subscale assessing interoceptive deficits, including gastrointestinal interoception

    Time frame: Within one week of completing the intervention

Secondary outcomes

  1. Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire

    The Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire is a self-report assessment of eating disorder symptoms that assesses eating disorder behaviors (e.g., excessive exercise, binging, purging, fasting) and includes 4 subscales: weight concerns, shape concerns, restraint, and eating concerns. Items are rated on a 0 (No days) to 6 (Every day) scale. The global score is computed by summing the items and taking the mean, thus scores can range from 0-6. Higher scores indicate more eating pathology.

    Time frame: Within one week of completing the intervention

Other outcomes

  1. Treatment Acceptability Questionnaire

    The Treatment Acceptability Questionnaire (TAQ) is a 6-item self-report assessment of the acceptability of the treatment. However in the current study the item pertaining to "How knowledgeable the psychologist is" will be removed as the intervention is delivered online; thus, the TAQ will be assessed with 5 items. Items are rated on a 1-7 Likert scale, and scores can range from 1-35. Higher scores indicate more treatment acceptability.

    Time frame: Within one week of completing the intervention

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Study locations

1 site
  • Louisville Center For Eating Disorders
    Louisville, Kentucky 40243, United States
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References and documents

Publications

  • Smith AR, Forrest LN, Perkins NM, Kinkel-Ram S, Bernstein MJ, Witte TK. Reconnecting to Internal Sensation and Experiences: A Pilot Feasibility Study of an Online Intervention to Improve Interoception and Reduce Suicidal Ideation. Behav Ther. 2021 Sep;52(5):1145-1157. doi: 10.1016/j.beth.2021.02.001. Epub 2021 Feb 20. PubMed 34452669 ↗
  • Smith AR, Kinkel-Ram S, Grunwald W, George TS, Raval V. A Pilot Feasibility Study of Reconnecting to Internal Sensations and Experiences (RISE), a Mindfulness-Informed Intervention to Reduce Interoceptive Dysfunction and Suicidal Ideation, among University Students in India. Brain Sci. 2022 Feb 9;12(2):237. doi: 10.3390/brainsci12020237. PubMed 35204000 ↗
  • Mehling WE, Acree M, Stewart A, Silas J, Jones A. The Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness, Version 2 (MAIA-2). PLoS One. 2018 Dec 4;13(12):e0208034. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208034. eCollection 2018. PubMed 30513087 ↗
  • Mond JM, Hay PJ, Rodgers B, Owen C. Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q): norms for young adult women. Behav Res Ther. 2006 Jan;44(1):53-62. doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2004.12.003. PubMed 16301014 ↗

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No

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Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Oct 20, 2025, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
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Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT05837312
Lead sponsor
Auburn University
Responsible party
April Smith (Associate Professor, Auburn University) — Principal investigator
First posted
May 1, 2023
Start date
Feb 1, 2024
Primary completion
Dec 2027 (estimated)
Completion
Dec 2027 (estimated)
Last update
Oct 20, 2025

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is active, not recruiting, as verified in Oct 2025. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

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