A Phase 3 interventional study of Placebo for Linaclotide and Linaclotide in Functional Constipation (FC) and Chronic Idiopathic Constipation (CIC), sponsored by AbbVie. Completed at 48 sites in 4 countries. Open to participants aged 2 Years to 5 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2026-05-14.
Sponsored by AbbVie · Phase 3, Interventional, and Treatment
Functional constipation (FC) is a common healthcare problem in children of all ages, potentially due to genetic predisposition, inadequate fiber and fluid intake, and immobility. Currently, there are no pharmacological therapies approved for the treatment of FC. This study will assess adverse events and change in disease activity with linaclotide therapy in participants with FC.
Linaclotide is an approved drug being developed for the treatment of FC in pediatric patients, ages 2 to 5, who meet modified Rome IV criteria for childhood FC. In Part 1 of this study, participants are placed in 1 of 2 groups, called treatment arms. Each group receives a different treatment. There is a 1 in 2 chance that participants will be assigned to placebo. All participants in Part 2 will receive linaclotide. Approximately 116 participants aged 2 to 5 years with FC will be enrolled in this study at around 45 sites worldwide.
Participants will receive daily doses of oral Linaclotide capsules or matching placebo for 12 weeks in Part 1 of the study. In Part 2, the open label long-term safety extension, participants with FC who completed study intervention in Part 1 of Study M21-572 or the Phase 2 Study LIN-MD-67 will receive linaclotide for 24 weeks.
There may be higher treatment burden for participants in this trial compared to their standard of care (due to study procedures). Participants will attend visits during the study at a hospital or clinic. The effect of the treatment will be checked by medical assessments, blood tests, checking for side effects and completing questionnaires.
AbbVie is the lead sponsor of 953 studies on the registry; 136 are open to participants now.
Of its 350 completed or terminated interventional studies of FDA-regulated products, 210 (60%) have results posted.
Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.
Participant meets modified Rome IV criteria for FC: For at least 1 month before Screening (Visit 1), the participant has had 2 or fewer defecations (with each defecation occurring in the absence of any laxative, suppository, or enema use during the preceding 24 hours) per week. In addition, at least once per week, participant must meet 1 or more of the following:
Exclusion Criteria:
Participant history of:
Participants received placebo for linaclotide orally once daily (QD) for 12 weeks.
Drug: Placebo for Linaclotide
Participants received 72 µg linaclotide orally once daily (QD) for 12 weeks.
Drug: Linaclotide
Participants who received 72 µg linaclotide or placebo in Part 1 of this study or who entered Part 2 of this study from Study LIN-MD-67 (NCT04110145) were assigned to receive open-label linaclotide 72 µg orally once daily (QD) for 24 weeks at the start of Part 2.
Drug: Linaclotide
Capsule; oral
Capsule; oral
Change From Baseline in 12-week Spontaneous Bowel Movement (SBM) Frequency Rate (SBMs/Week) Observed by the Primary Caregiver During the Double-blind Study Intervention Period
An SBM is defined as a BM that occurs in the absence of laxative, enema, or suppository use on the calendar day of the BM or the calendar day before the BM. The caregiver/parent/guardian/legally authorized representative (LAR) will complete the electronic diary (eDiary), providing data for the SBM frequency rate up to the last dose date equivalent to the 12-week SBM frequency rate. Baseline values for efficacy endpoints related to daily eDiary responses were derived from the eDiary in the preintervention period, specifically the time period from 14 days before randomization and up to the time of randomization.
Time frame: Baseline to Week 12
Number of Participants With Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events
An adverse event (AE) is defined as any untoward medical occurrence in a patient/clinical investigation subject administered a pharmaceutical product which doesn't necessarily have a causal relationship with this treatment. The investigator assesses the relationship of each event to the use of study drug. A serious adverse event (SAE) is an event that results in death, is life-threatening, requires or prolongs hospitalization, results in a congenital anomaly, persistent or significant disability/incapacity or is an important medical event that, based on medical judgment, may jeopardize the subject and may require medical or surgical intervention to prevent any of the outcomes listed above. Treatment-emergent adverse events/treatment-emergent serious adverse events (TEAEs/TESAEs) are defined as any event that began or worsened in severity on or after the first dose of study drug.
Time frame: From the time of study drug administration until 30 days or 5 half-lives after the last dose, up to 126 days in Period 1 and 226 days in Period 2
Change From Baseline in 12-week Stool Consistency Observed by the Primary Caregiver During the Double-blind Study Intervention Period
The caregiver/parent/guardian/legally authorized representative (LAR) rated and recorded in an eDiary the consistency of the stool for each BM using the Bristol Stool Form 7-point scale in which 1=Separate hard lumps, like nuts (hard to pass); 2=Sausage-shaped, but lumpy; 3=Like a sausage but with cracks on its surface; 4=Like a sausage or snake, smooth and soft; 5=Soft blobs with clear cut edges (easy to pass); 6=Fluffy pieces with ragged edges, a mushy stool; and 7=Watery, no solid pieces, entirely liquid. A response of "I don't know" was considered as a missing score. Lower scores indicate firmer stool consistency. A subject's stool consistency score for the study intervention period is the average of the non-missing BSFS scores for the primary caregiver-observed SBMs during that specific period.
Time frame: Baseline to Week 12
Change From Baseline in 12-week Straining Observed by the Primary Caregiver During the Double-blind Study Intervention Period
The caregiver/parent/guardian/LAR rated and recorded in an eDiary the amount of straining they observed when the child passed the BM using two 3-point rating scales:. 1) For the bowel movement #X you were with the child for, did he/she grunt like he/she was straining? 0 = No, not at all; 1 = Yes, a little; 2 = Yes, a lot; I don't know. 2) For the bowel movement #X you were with the child for, did he/she make a face like he/she was straining? 0 = No, not at all; 1 = Yes, a little; 2 = Yes, a lot; I don't know. "I don't know" was considered a missing response. Higher scores indicate more straining. The subject's straining score was the average of the nonmissing average straining scores for all the primary caregiver-observed SBMs during the specific period.
Time frame: Baseline to Week 12
Change From Baseline in 12-week Proportion of Days With Fecal Incontinence During the Double-blind Study Intervention Period (for Those With Toileting Skills)
Caregivers of children who have acquired toileting skills for BMs were asked about their child's fecal incontinence episodes. Toileting skills were assessed as part of the first daily diary, modified daily diary, or clinic diary and responses were carried through to the completion of the study.
Time frame: Baseline to Week 12
This trial was conducted at 28 sites in 2 countries. Participant Flow data are from the ITT 1 and 2 populations (all participants who received at least one dose of linaclotide in Parts 1 or 2, respectively).
| Milestone | Part 1: Placebo for Linaclotide | Part 1: Linaclotide | Part 2: Linaclotide |
|---|---|---|---|
| Started | 61 | 62 | 0 |
| Completed | 54 | 57 | 0 |
| Not completed | 7 | 5 | 0 |
| Withdrew: Other, not specified | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Withdrew: Lost to follow-up | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Withdrew: Lack of efficacy | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Withdrew: Withdrawal by subject | 2 | 3 | 0 |
| Milestone | Part 1: Placebo for Linaclotide | Part 1: Linaclotide | Part 2: Linaclotide |
|---|---|---|---|
| Started | 0 | 0 | 103 |
| Completed | 0 | 0 | 85 |
| Not completed | 0 | 0 | 18 |
| Withdrew: Adverse event | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Withdrew: Other, not specified | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| Withdrew: Lost to follow-up | 0 | 0 | 5 |
| Withdrew: Withdrawal by subject | 0 | 0 | 10 |
An SBM is defined as a BM that occurs in the absence of laxative, enema, or suppository use on the calendar day of the BM or the calendar day before the BM. The caregiver/parent/guardian/legally authorized representative (LAR) will complete the electronic diary (eDiary), providing data for the SBM frequency rate up to the last dose date equivalent to the 12-week SBM frequency rate. Baseline values for efficacy endpoints related to daily eDiary responses were derived from the eDiary in the preintervention period, specifically the time period from 14 days before randomization and up to the time of randomization.
| SBMs/week | Part 1: Placebo for Linaclotide | Part 1: Linaclotide |
|---|---|---|
| Change From Baseline in 12-week Spontaneous Bowel Movement (SBM) Frequency Rate (SBMs/Week) Observed by the Primary Caregiver During the Double-blind Study Intervention Period | 1.418 ± 0.2197 | 1.738 ± 0.2188 |
An adverse event (AE) is defined as any untoward medical occurrence in a patient/clinical investigation subject administered a pharmaceutical product which doesn't necessarily have a causal relationship with this treatment. The investigator assesses the relationship of each event to the use of study drug. A serious adverse event (SAE) is an event that results in death, is life-threatening, requires or prolongs hospitalization, results in a congenital anomaly, persistent or significant disability/incapacity or is an important medical event that, based on medical judgment, may jeopardize the subject and may require medical or surgical intervention to prevent any of the outcomes listed above. Treatment-emergent adverse events/treatment-emergent serious adverse events (TEAEs/TESAEs) are defined as any event that began or worsened in severity on or after the first dose of study drug.
| Participants | Part 1: Placebo for Linaclotide | Part 1: Linaclotide | Part 2: Linaclotide |
|---|---|---|---|
| Any TEAE | 15 | 16 | 39 |
| TESAE | 0 | 0 | 1 |
The caregiver/parent/guardian/legally authorized representative (LAR) rated and recorded in an eDiary the consistency of the stool for each BM using the Bristol Stool Form 7-point scale in which 1=Separate hard lumps, like nuts (hard to pass); 2=Sausage-shaped, but lumpy; 3=Like a sausage but with cracks on its surface; 4=Like a sausage or snake, smooth and soft; 5=Soft blobs with clear cut edges (easy to pass); 6=Fluffy pieces with ragged edges, a mushy stool; and 7=Watery, no solid pieces, entirely liquid. A response of "I don't know" was considered as a missing score. Lower scores indicate firmer stool consistency. A subject's stool consistency score for the study intervention period is the average of the non-missing BSFS scores for the primary caregiver-observed SBMs during that specific period.
| units on a scale | Part 1: Placebo for Linaclotide | Part 1: Linaclotide |
|---|---|---|
| Change From Baseline in 12-week Stool Consistency Observed by the Primary Caregiver During the Double-blind Study Intervention Period | 0.622 ± 0.1162 | 0.998 ± 0.1139 |
The caregiver/parent/guardian/LAR rated and recorded in an eDiary the amount of straining they observed when the child passed the BM using two 3-point rating scales:. 1) For the bowel movement #X you were with the child for, did he/she grunt like he/she was straining? 0 = No, not at all; 1 = Yes, a little; 2 = Yes, a lot; I don't know. 2) For the bowel movement #X you were with the child for, did he/she make a face like he/she was straining? 0 = No, not at all; 1 = Yes, a little; 2 = Yes, a lot; I don't know. "I don't know" was considered a missing response. Higher scores indicate more straining. The subject's straining score was the average of the nonmissing average straining scores for all the primary caregiver-observed SBMs during the specific period.
| units on a scale | Part 1: Placebo for Linaclotide | Part 1: Linaclotide |
|---|---|---|
| Change From Baseline in 12-week Straining Observed by the Primary Caregiver During the Double-blind Study Intervention Period | -0.526 ± 0.0590 | -0.542 ± 0.0574 |
Caregivers of children who have acquired toileting skills for BMs were asked about their child's fecal incontinence episodes. Toileting skills were assessed as part of the first daily diary, modified daily diary, or clinic diary and responses were carried through to the completion of the study.
| proportion of days | Part 1: Placebo for Linaclotide | Part 1: Linaclotide |
|---|---|---|
| Change From Baseline in 12-week Proportion of Days With Fecal Incontinence During the Double-blind Study Intervention Period (for Those With Toileting Skills) | 0.024 ± 0.0139 | 0.018 ± 0.0146 |
Collected over Study procedure-related AEs collected from informed consent until study drug start, up to 1 month. All adverse events were collected from the time of study drug administration until 30 days after the last dose, up to 126 days in Period 1 and 226 days in Period 2. After 30 days or 5 half-lives following the last dose of study drug/completion of study Tx, only spontaneously reported SAEs were collected (nonserious AEs were not collected).. Non-serious events are listed at a 2% frequency threshold.
| Group | Deaths | Serious | Other |
|---|---|---|---|
| Part 1: Placebo for Linaclotide | 0/61 (0%) | 0/61 (0%) | 5/61 (8.2%) |
| Part 1: Linaclotide | 0/62 (0%) | 0/62 (0%) | 6/62 (9.7%) |
| Part 2: Linaclotide | 0/104 (0%) | 1/104 (1%) | 23/104 (22.1%) |
| Event | Part 1: Placebo for Linaclotide | Part 1: Linaclotide | Part 2: Linaclotide |
|---|---|---|---|
| CONSTIPATIONGastrointestinal disorders | 0/61 | 0/62 | 1/104 |
| Event | Part 1: Placebo for Linaclotide | Part 1: Linaclotide | Part 2: Linaclotide |
|---|---|---|---|
| COUGHRespiratory, thoracic and mediastinal disorders | 3/61 | 0/62 | 1/104 |
| INFLUENZAInfections and infestations | 0/61 | 1/62 | 5/104 |
| DIARRHOEAGastrointestinal disorders | 2/61 | 1/62 | 4/104 |
| EAR INFECTIONInfections and infestations | 0/61 | 0/62 | 4/104 |
| VIRAL UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONInfections and infestations | 0/61 | 0/62 | 4/104 |
| PYREXIAGeneral disorders | 0/61 | 2/62 | 3/104 |
| NASOPHARYNGITISInfections and infestations | 1/61 | 2/62 | 3/104 |
| COVID-19Infections and infestations | 0/61 | 0/62 | 3/104 |
| URINARY TRACT INFECTIONInfections and infestations | 0/61 | 0/62 | 3/104 |
ITT1: all randomized participants who received at least one dose of double blind study drug in Part 1.
| Age, Continuous(years) | Part 1: Placebo for Linaclotide | Part 1: Linaclotide | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | 3.8 ± 1.09 | 3.6 ± 1.12 | 3.7 ± 1.11 |
| Sex: Female, Male(Participants) | Part 1: Placebo for Linaclotide | Part 1: Linaclotide | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Female | 37 | 39 | 76 |
| Male | 24 | 23 | 47 |
| Ethnicity (NIH/OMB)(Participants) | Part 1: Placebo for Linaclotide | Part 1: Linaclotide | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hispanic or Latino | 23 | 21 | 44 |
| Not Hispanic or Latino | 38 | 41 | 79 |
| Unknown or Not Reported | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Race (NIH/OMB)(Participants) | Part 1: Placebo for Linaclotide | Part 1: Linaclotide | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| American Indian or Alaska Native | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Asian | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Black or African American | 15 | 16 | 31 |
| White | 44 | 45 | 89 |
| More than one race | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| Unknown or Not Reported | 1 | 0 | 1 |
Documents are hosted by the registry — open the source record to download them.
Plan to share: Yes — AbbVie is committed to responsible clinical trial data sharing. This includes access to anonymized, individual and trial-level data (analysis data sets), as well as other information.
Supporting information: Study protocol, Sap
This study is completed, as verified in Apr 2026. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.
Get an email when the registry record changes — status, dates, results — or when someone posts here.
Sign in to followQuestions and observations about this study, from anyone following it. Not medical advice, and not a channel to the study team — their contact details are on the registry record.
Sign in to join the discussion. Reading takes no account; posting does. You choose a display name, and a pseudonym is the default.
Nothing here yet. If you are running this trial, taking part in it, or weighing whether to, this is the place to say so.
AbbVie