An interventional study of Auditory and Electrical Stimulation in Memory, Delayed, sponsored by University of California, Los Angeles. Recruiting at 1 site in United States. Open to participants aged 18 Years to 65 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2025-10-14.
Sponsored by University of California, Los Angeles · Not applicable, Interventional, and Basic science
The proposed project seeks to elucidate memory processes and consolidation during sleep by leveraging the unique capability of direct recordings from the human brain at multiple levels of resolution-single neurons, localized neuronal assemblies, intracranial local field potentials-during rich behavioral tasks with real-life narratives and extracting neural features that relate to different aspects of episodic experience. The investigators will further probe causal mechanisms of consolidation by application of auditory and electrical stimulations during sleep and its effect on modulating memory processes.
University of California, Los Angeles is the lead sponsor of 1,142 studies on the registry; 192 are open to participants now.
Of its 91 completed or terminated interventional studies of FDA-regulated products, 66 (73%) have results posted.
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Exclusion Criteria:
Electrical and auditory stimulation will be applied during sleep.
Recognition Accuracy
Accuracy will be analyzed to evaluate performance on memory tasks before and after sleep, specifically the ability to recognize correct items compared to all items. Accuracy will be measured using the sum of true positive and true negative divided by the total number of items. A within-subjects design will be employed and accuracy for stimulated vs. non-stimulated items will be compared.
Time frame: 1-2 days contained within the participants' 1-2 week hospital stay; Specifically for each experiment, the outcome measure will be computed during the pre- and post-sleep memory tasks
Recognition Discriminability (D-prime)
Discriminability will be analyzed to evaluate performance on memory tasks before and after sleep, specifically the ability to recognize target items from distractor items. Discriminability will be measured using a discriminability index (d-prime). In addition to d-prime being a normalized metric, it provides critical and complementary information to the accuracy metric (Outcome 1) given that it is a measure of sensitivity (and not bias) in the cases where data labels are not balanced . A within-subjects design will be employed and discriminability for stimulated vs. non-stimulated items will be compared.
Time frame: 1-2 days contained within the participants' 1-2 week hospital stay; Specifically for each experiment, the outcome measure will be computed during the pre- and post-sleep memory tasks.
Power sleep oscillations
The power of slow waves, spindles, ripples (all in units of dbm) will be computed. Employing a within-subjects design, the investigators will compare the change in the power of these oscillatory features for stimulated vs. non-stimulated items.
Time frame: 1-2 days contained within the participants' 1-2 week hospital stay. Specifically for each experiment, the outcome measure will be computed during the sleep period between pre and post-sleep memory tasks.
Neuronal replay index
Neuronal replay index, defined as the percentage of time during which neurons manifest replay-like activation as compared to the duration of deep sleep will be computed. Employing a within-subjects design, the investigators will compare the replay measure for stimulated vs. non-stimulated items.
Time frame: 1-2 days contained within the participants' 1-2 week hospital stay. Specifically for each experiment, the outcome measure will be computed during the sleep period between pre and post-sleep memory tasks.
Plan to share: Yes — The investigators will make data available in accordance with the latest BRAIN Initiative Data Sharing Plan. The data consists of intracranial recordings from human epilepsy patients while participants perform a cognitive task during awake periods and follow-up recordings during overnight sleep or nap sessions. These datasets will be shared in a HIPAA-compliant manner (anonymized and coded) and will not include any sensitive information such as Protected Health Information. The investigators plan to deposit the data using the NIH Data Archive Brain Initiative platform, specialized at storage and organization of invasive neurophysiology data.
Supporting information: Analytic code
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University of California, Los Angeles