AN OPEN-LABEL, ACUTE CLINICAL TRIAL TO ASSESS THE LEVEL OF KETONE PRODUCTION FOLLOWING CONSUMPTION OF AVELA™ (R)-1,3-BUTANEDIOL IN AN ADULT POPULATION

Primary:

To evaluate the level of production of BHB following the consumption of 3 servings of Avela™, with consumption of each serving separated by 30 minutes and each serving providing 11.5 g of (R)-1,3-butanediol [total intake of 34.5 g of (R)-1,3-butanediol].

BHB levels will be measured using capillary whole blood from the fingertips using at home Keto-Mojo monitoring system (β-Ketone, as beta-hydroxybutyrate, in fingertip capillary whole blood).

Measurement Range: 0.1 - 8.0 mmol/L Measurement time (min): 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 180, 240, 300

Secondary:

To evaluate the acute effects of 3 servings of Avela™, with consumption of each serving separated by 30 minutes and each serving providing 11.5 g of (R)-1,3-butanediol [i.e., total intake of 34.5 g (R)-1,3-butanediol] on: GI tolerance.

All subjects will complete the mVAS GI symptoms tool at baseline (0 minutes), and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 180, 240, and 300 minutes.

A validated tool to measure GI tolerability of (R)-1,3-butanediol will be utilized. The mVAS GI symptoms tool is a self-administered questionnaire, which is modeled after the validated "gold standard" measurement tool predominantly used to test clinical gastroenterology scenarios (Bengtsson et al., 2013).

Sleepiness/alertness The SSS (Shahid et al., 2012) is a subjective tool to assess how alert a subject is feeling at specific moments in time. The scale requires respondents to select a rating of 1 to 7, where a "1" indicates the subject is "feeling active, vital, alert, or wide awake" and the highest score of "7" indicates the subject is "no longer fighting sleep, sleep onset soon; having dream-like thoughts" (Hoddes et al., 1973). The scale is validated, correlating r = 0.68 with performance on the Wilkinson tests. All subjects will complete the SSS at baseline (0 minutes) and at 30, 60, 90, 120, 180, 240, and 300 minutes.