CClinicalTrials.gg
CompletedNCT04862130FAAP-OUpdated Jan 31, 2024

Validation of the GMFM-88 Scale and of the FAAP-O Scale in Pediatric Patients Affected by Cancer

An observational study in Oncology, sponsored by Associazione Italiana Ematologia Oncologia Pediatrica. Completed at 10 sites in Italy. Open to participants aged 6 Months to 17 Years. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2024-01-31.

Sponsored by Associazione Italiana Ematologia Oncologia Pediatrica · Observational

Study type
Observational
Model
Cohort
Time perspective
Other
Enrollment
217
Ages
6 Months to 17 Years
Sex
All
01

Study summary

The primary objective of this study is to validate the Gross Motor Function Measure Scale-88 (GMFM-88) on the Italian pediatric cancer population. The secondary objective is to implement the use of the GMFM-88 in clinical practice by validating a reduced panel of items that will be called the Functional Ability Assessment in Pediatric Oncology (FAAP-O) Scale.

Read the detailed description

In recent decades, improvements in the treatment of pediatric cancer patients have resulted in increased survival rates. Consequentially, clinicians now pay more attention to the quality of life of these patients, both during and after treatment. Functional abilities have an important role in the quality of life and these skills can be compromised by the tumor itself or by anti-neoplastic treatments. A recent Cochrane review regarding rehabilitation and motor activity in this population has documented the effectiveness of exercise in children with cancer. Furthermore, to improve the rehabilitation care of pediatric cancer patients it is important to broaden the research by structuring multi-center trials, which allow the collection of longitudinal data. Objective, repeatable, specific, and sensitive rehabilitation assessment tools are needed, to define the functional status of the patient and to measure the motor outcomes. The psychometric properties of a measurement are closely linked to the specific population in which the measurement is used. Currently, there are two validated assessment tools for children/adolescents with cancer used to evaluate functional abilities: The Gross Motor Function Scale-Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (GMFM-ALL) and the Motor Performance in Pediatric Oncology (MOON). The ladder has the merit of being structured to evaluate the motor skills of children/adolescents affected by various forms of cancer but it also presents some limits. This test does not investigate functional abilities in a rehabilitation optic and it requires the use of specific materials that can reduce its usability in multicenter trials. The GMFM-ALL scale is a modified version of the Gross Motor Function Measure 88 (GMFM-88) Scale. This scale is specific only for children/adolescents with Lymphoblastic Leukemia and it mainly evaluates motor skills that require a high functional level (i.e. jumps, running), possessed neither by younger children nor by those who show major physical impairments or during specific phases of cancer treatment, such as palliative care.

The GMFM-88 scale is a rehabilitation assessment tool that was originally created to investigate functional abilities in children affected by cerebral palsy (CP) and has subsequently been validated for other populations of pediatric patients. It was also used to evaluate functional abilities in some studies conducted on pediatric cancer patients. Some aspects make this tool easily applicable in multicenter studies: it does not require any material to be administered nor a specific certified training to use it and, lastly, it comprises all principal motor skills including the basic ones (i.e. lying and rolling on the ground).

02

Conditions studied

  • Oncology

Browse trials for

Keywords

  • Physiotherapy
  • Rehabilitation
  • Functional abilities evaluation
  • motor function evaluation
03

In context

Neoplasms

9,365 studies on the registry are indexed under Neoplasms; 2,489 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 217 is close to the median of 204 across 1,683 observational studies indexed under Neoplasms.

Browse Neoplasms studies →

Lead sponsor

Associazione Italiana Ematologia Oncologia Pediatrica is the lead sponsor of 7 studies on the registry; 3 are open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
6 Months to 17 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
No
Sampling method
Non-probability sample

Study population

Children and adolescents affected by cancer referred to the rehabilitation services of the participants centres.

Inclusion criteria

  • age between 6 months - 17 years and 11 months
  • diagnosis of oncological disease
  • being during antineoplastic treatment or up to 1 year off-therapy
  • Written informed consent from patient or parents/legal representative, and age-appropriate assent.

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion criteria:

  • Patients that are not able and willing to comply with study visits and procedures.
05

Study design

Observational model
Cohort
Time perspective
Other
Enrollment
217 participants (actual)
Patient registry
No
06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Construct validity of the GMFM-88 in measuring functional abilities of children and adolescents affected by cancer.

    Cronbach's alpha. A satisfactory index of a scale's homogeneity should have an alpha coefficient between 0.70 and 0.95.

    Time frame: up to 1 year

Secondary outcomes

  1. Content validity of the GMFM-88 items in evaluating functional abilities of children and adolescents affected by cancer

    Content Validity Ratio (CVR). CVR values range from -1 to +1. A satisfactory CVR should be ≥ 0.70.

    Time frame: up to 1 year

  2. Construct validity of the FAAP-O in assessing functional abilities of children and adolescents affected by cancer

    Cronbach's alpha A satisfactory index of a scale's homogeneity should have an alpha coefficient between 0.70 and 0.95.

    Time frame: up to 18 months

  3. Inter-observer reliability and intra-observer reliability of the FAAP-O

    Interclass Correlation (ICC) ICC values range from 0 to 1. The repeatability of a test is considered high when ICC value is ≥ 0.8.

    Time frame: through study competition, an average of 2 years

  4. Test-retest reliability of the FAAP-O

    Interclass Correlation (ICC) ICC values range from 0 to 1. The repeatability of a test is considered high when ICC value is ≥ 0.8

    Time frame: through study competition, an average of 2 years

07

Study locations

10 sites
  • IRCCS E. Medea La Nostra Famiglia
    Bosisio Parini, Lecco 23842, Italy
  • IRCCS E. Medea La Nostra Famiglia
    Conegliano, Treviso 31015, Italy
  • Ospedale Papa Giovanni XXIII, UOS Onco-ematologia Pediatrica
    Bergamo, 24127, Italy
  • Ospedale Azienda Sanitaria dell'Alto Adige - Comprensorio di Bolzano Servizio di Riabilitazione Fisica
    Bolzano, 39100, Italy
  • IRCCS E. Medea La Nostra Famiglia
    Brindisi, 72100, Italy
  • AOU Meyer - UP Riabilitazione
    Firenze, 50139, Italy
  • IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini - U.O. Med Fisica e riabilitazione
    Genova, 16147, Italy
  • Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori - S.C. Cure palliative, Terapia del Dolore e Riabilitazione
    Milano, 20133, Italy
  • A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza - OIRM
    Torino, 10126, Italy
  • IRCCS Materno Infantile Burlo Garofolo - S.C. Oncoematologia
    Trieste, 34137, Italy
08

References and documents

Publications

  • De Angelis R, Sant M, Coleman MP, Francisci S, Baili P, Pierannunzio D, Trama A, Visser O, Brenner H, Ardanaz E, Bielska-Lasota M, Engholm G, Nennecke A, Siesling S, Berrino F, Capocaccia R; EUROCARE-5 Working Group. Cancer survival in Europe 1999-2007 by country and age: results of EUROCARE--5-a population-based study. Lancet Oncol. 2014 Jan;15(1):23-34. doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(13)70546-1. Epub 2013 Dec 5. PubMed 24314615 ↗
  • Braam KI, van der Torre P, Takken T, Veening MA, van Dulmen-den Broeder E, Kaspers GJ. Physical exercise training interventions for children and young adults during and after treatment for childhood cancer. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016 Mar 31;3(3):CD008796. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD008796.pub3. PubMed 27030386 ↗
  • Byer L, Kline C, Mueller S. Clinical trials in pediatric neuro-oncology: what is missing and how we can improve. CNS Oncol. 2016 Oct;5(4):233-9. doi: 10.2217/cns-2016-0016. Epub 2016 Sep 12. PubMed 27616346 ↗
  • Corr AM, Liu W, Bishop M, Pappo A, Srivastava DK, Neel M, Rao B, Wilson T, Ness KK. Feasibility and functional outcomes of children and adolescents undergoing preoperative chemotherapy prior to a limb-sparing procedure or amputation. Rehabil Oncol. 2017 Jan;35(1):38-45. PubMed 28948112 ↗
  • Gatta G, Botta L, Rossi S, Aareleid T, Bielska-Lasota M, Clavel J, Dimitrova N, Jakab Z, Kaatsch P, Lacour B, Mallone S, Marcos-Gragera R, Minicozzi P, Sanchez-Perez MJ, Sant M, Santaquilani M, Stiller C, Tavilla A, Trama A, Visser O, Peris-Bonet R; EUROCARE Working Group. Childhood cancer survival in Europe 1999-2007: results of EUROCARE-5--a population-based study. Lancet Oncol. 2014 Jan;15(1):35-47. doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(13)70548-5. Epub 2013 Dec 5. Erratum In: Lancet Oncol. 2014 Feb;15(2):e52. PubMed 24314616 ↗
  • Gemus M, Palisano R, Russell D, Rosenbaum P, Walter SD, Galuppi B, Lane M. Using the gross motor function measure to evaluate motor development in children with Down syndrome. Phys Occup Ther Pediatr. 2001;21(2-3):69-79. PubMed 12029855 ↗
  • Gohar SF, Comito M, Price J, Marchese V. Feasibility and parent satisfaction of a physical therapy intervention program for children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in the first 6 months of medical treatment. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2011 May;56(5):799-804. doi: 10.1002/pbc.22713. Epub 2011 Jan 16. PubMed 21370414 ↗
  • Gotte M, Kesting S, Albrecht C, Worth A, Bos K, Boos J. MOON-test - determination of motor performance in the pediatric oncology. Klin Padiatr. 2013 May;225(3):133-7. doi: 10.1055/s-0033-1343411. Epub 2013 Apr 18. PubMed 23599231 ↗
  • Lucia A, Ramirez M, San Juan AF, Fleck SJ, Garcia-Castro J, Madero L. Intrahospital supervised exercise training: a complementary tool in the therapeutic armamentarium against childhood leukemia. Leukemia. 2005 Aug;19(8):1334-7. doi: 10.1038/sj.leu.2403799. No abstract available. PubMed 15931268 ↗
  • Ruck-Gibis J, Plotkin H, Hanley J, Wood-Dauphinee S. Reliability of the gross motor function measure for children with osteogenesis imperfecta. Pediatr Phys Ther. 2001 Spring;13(1):10-7. PubMed 17053645 ↗
  • Wright MJ, Halton JM, Martin RF, Barr RD. Long-term gross motor performance following treatment for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Med Pediatr Oncol. 1998 Aug;31(2):86-90. doi: 10.1002/(sici)1096-911x(199808)31:23.0.co;2-v. PubMed 9680932 ↗
09

Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Jan 31, 2024, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT04862130
Lead sponsor
Associazione Italiana Ematologia Oncologia Pediatrica
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Apr 27, 2021
Start date
Nov 14, 2019
Primary completion
Oct 30, 2020
Completion
May 22, 2023
Last update
Jan 31, 2024

Study contacts

Francesca Rossi, dr
principal investigator · A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza - OIRM, Turin, Italy

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

Not currently enrolling

This study is completed, as verified in Jan 2024. You cannot join it, but the record below documents what was studied.

Follow this study

Get an email when the registry record changes — status, dates, results — or when someone posts here.

Sign in to follow

Discussion

Questions and observations about this study, from anyone following it. Not medical advice, and not a channel to the study team — their contact details are on the registry record.

Sign in to join the discussion. Reading takes no account; posting does. You choose a display name, and a pseudonym is the default.

Nothing here yet. If you are running this trial, taking part in it, or weighing whether to, this is the place to say so.

Start the discussion