CClinicalTrials.gg
CompletedNCT04807218VICTORUpdated Mar 11, 2025

Virta Intervention in CommuniTies in cOloRado (VICTOR-Pilot)

An interventional study of Virta Health in Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, sponsored by Colorado Prevention Center. Completed at 3 sites in United States. Open to participants aged 18 Years to 79 Years, including healthy volunteers. Per ClinicalTrials.gov, last updated 2025-03-11.

Sponsored by Colorado Prevention Center · Not applicable, Interventional, and Treatment

Phase
Not applicable
Study type
Interventional
Enrollment
51
Allocation
Randomized
Ages
18 Years to 79 Years
Sex
All
01

Study summary

The VICTOR study plans to include rural communities served by Colorado Heart Healthy Solutions (CHHS) program and find out whether participants will accept a referral to a comprehensive virtual lifestyle intervention, Virta Health. The Virta Health program induces nutritional ketosis to improve glucose control in individuals with type 2 diabetes. The study will inform the acceptability of the referral, the retention of participants in lifestyle intervention, and the durability of effects on glucose control after the lifestyle intervention has ended.

Read the detailed description

In rural communities served by Colorado Heart Healthy Solutions (CHHS), referral to a comprehensive remotely-delivered (virtual) continuous remote care to induce nutritional ketosis combined with remote medication management will improve glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes as compared with standard care. The study intervention is the referral. Subjects are not mandated to receive Virta treatment and are welcome to continue in the study whether or not the referral is accepted. 2 rural communities served by CHHS have been chosen as recruitment sites. Study patients will be randomized at the site level.

Objectives

Primary: To assess glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes living in a rural community referred to a comprehensive remotely-delivered continuous remote care to induce nutritional ketosis combined with remote medication management (termed "continuous remote care") as compared with those living in a rural community offered standard care.

Secondary:

  1. To assess the effects of referral to continuous remote care as compared with standard care on body weight and on body mass index
  2. To assess the effects of referral to continuous remote care as compared with standard care on number and doses of anti-hyperglycemic medications
  3. To determine the durability of a continuous remote care intervention when paired with ongoing community health worker support

    Exploratory:

  4. To assess the effects of referral to continuous remote care as compared with standard care on LDL-cholesterol, fasting glucose, and fasting triglyceride/HDL-cholesterol ratio
  5. To assess patient-reported outcomes of continuous remote care as compared with standard care
  6. To determine enrollment rate (offered vs accepted) in patients with type 2 diabetes living in rural communities referred to continuous remote care.
  7. To determine active engagement (number, timing, and types of 2-way contacts) and retention in patients with type 2 diabetes living in rural communities referred to continuous remote care.
02

Conditions studied

  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2

Keywords

  • Community Health Workers
  • Nutritional Ketosis
  • Patient Navigator
  • Diabetes
  • Referral
03

In context

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2

9,359 studies on the registry are indexed under Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; 1,318 are open to participants now.

This study's enrollment of 51 is below the median of 80 across 7,525 interventional studies indexed under Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2.

Browse Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 studies →

Lead sponsor

Colorado Prevention Center is the lead sponsor of 8 studies on the registry; 4 are open to participants now.

Counted across the registry records on this site, refreshed daily.

04

Who can participate

Ages eligible
18 Years to 79 Years
Sexes eligible
All
Accepts healthy volunteers
Yes

Inclusion criteria

  1. Able to provide electronic informed consent
  2. Age 18 - 79 years old
  3. Type 2 diabetes mellitus diagnosis by self-report and/or medical history
  4. Taking 1 or more antihyperglycemic medications
  5. Current HbA1c > 7.5%
  6. Body mass index (BMI) 25 kg/m2 or greater
  7. Capable of engaging in virtual care

Exclusion criteria

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. Type 1 diabetes
  2. Pregnant or planning pregnancy within the next 9 months
  3. Lactating
  4. Admission for diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) or hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome (HHS) within the last 12 months
  5. Life expectancy \<1 year
  6. Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) and/or recurrent syncope
  7. Active severe psychiatric or medical condition(s) such as advanced renal (end-stage renal disease or CKD stage 4 or 5; eGFR \<30 mL/min), cardiac (NYHA Class 4 heart failure), or hepatic dysfunction (Child-Pugh Class C)
  8. Any condition which in the opinion of the investigator would make the study unsuitable for the subject including investigator opinion regarding inability to comply with Virta instructions
05

Study design

Phase
Not applicable
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomized
Intervention model
Crossover assignment
Masking
None (open label)
Enrollment
51 participants (actual)

Study arms

  • Active comparator
    Nutritional Ketosis Intervention Referral

    The comprehensive remotely-delivered continuous remote care to induce nutritional ketosis combined with remote medication management is the Virta treatment, and while on this treatment, subjects will have access to Virta health coaches and licensed medical providers who will perform medical therapy management, health coaching, nutrition and behavior change education, biometric feedback, and the option to participate in a community for peer support.

    Behavioral: Virta Health

  • Active comparator
    CHHS Standard Care - Delayed Referral to Nutritional Ketosis Intervention

    All subjects will be enrolled in Colorado Heart Healthy Solutions (CHHS), which consists of community health worker (CHW) contact and sessions on: 1) cardiovascular disease knowledge; 2) Health behavior change through skill building to improve diet (e.g., portion sizes, increasing fruit/vegetable intake, reducing intake of sugar sweetened beverages, decreasing fast food meals, etc.), increase physical activity, and improve well-being, tailored to individual subjects' risk profile and self-identified goals; and 3) Connection to services including primary care, mental health services if needed, and relevant community programs to address barriers (e.g. food insecurity, need for legal help) or to promote behavior change (e.g. free/low cost exercise programs).

    Behavioral: Virta Health

Interventions

  • BehavioralVirta Health

    The comprehensive remotely-delivered continuous remote care to induce nutritional ketosis combined with remote medication management is the Virta treatment, and while on this treatment, subjects will have access to Virta health coaches and licensed medical providers who will perform medical therapy management, health coaching, nutrition and behavior change education, biometric feedback, and the option to participate in a community for peer support.

06

What researchers measure

Primary outcomes

  1. Change in hemoglobin A1c (Percent)

    Change from baseline hemoglobin A1c (Percent) among patients referred to continuous remote care (Group 1) versus standard care (Group 2)

    Time frame: 3.5 months

Secondary outcomes

  1. Change in BMI

    Among Group 1 versus Group 2 subjects, change in body mass index (kg/m2)

    Time frame: Baseline versus 3.5 months, 3.5 months versus 7 months, baseline versus10 months

  2. Change in hemoglobin A1c

    Among Group 1 versus Group 2 subjects, difference in hemoglobin A1c

    Time frame: 3.5 months versus 7 months, baseline versus 10 months

  3. Change in number and/or doses of anti-hyperglycemic medications • doses of anti-hyperglycemic medications

    Among Group 1 versus Group 2 subjects, difference in: * number of anti-hyperglycemic medications * doses of anti-hyperglycemic medications

    Time frame: Baseline versus 3.5 months, 3.5 months versus 7 months, baseline versus 10 months

Other outcomes

  1. Acceptance of referral to continuous remote care

    Proportion agreeing to participate in continuous remote care in Group 1 at baseline versus at 3.5 months in Group 2

    Time frame: Baseline in Group 1 versus 3.5 months in Group 2

  2. Change in fasting triglyceride/HDL ratio

    Among Group 1 versus Group 2 subjects, change from in fasting triglyceride/HDL ratio

    Time frame: Baseline versus 3.5 months, 3.5 months versus 7 months, baseline versus 10 months

  3. Change in LDL-cholesterol

    Among Group 1 versus Group 2 subjects, change from in LDL-cholesterol

    Time frame: Baseline versus 3.5 months, 3.5 months versus 7 months, baseline versus 10 months

  4. Change in fasting glucose

    Among Group 1 versus Group 2 subjects, change from in fasting glucose

    Time frame: Baseline versus 3.5 months, 3.5 months versus 7 months, baseline versus 10 months

  5. Acceptance/continuation of referral to continuous remote care

    Among Group 1 subjects, proportion agreeing to participate in continuous remote care

    Time frame: Baseline and 3.5 months

  6. Continuation of referral in Group 1 versus acceptance of referral in Group 2

    Among Group 1 versus Group 2 subjects, proportion agreeing to participate/continue in continuous remote care

    Time frame: 3.5 months

  7. Change in perceived health status

    Among Group 1 and Group 2 subjects, evaluation over time (i.e. 3 months post-intervention) in perceived health status as assessed by question 1 of the Short Form Health Survey (SF-1).

    Time frame: Baseline, 3.5 months, 7 months and 10 months

  8. Change in diabetes treatment satisfaction

    Among Group 1 and Group 2 subjects, evaluation over time at baseline, in diabetes treatment satisfaction as assessed by the Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire. The scale for the survey questions is 0-6. In general, a higher score indicates a higher level of satisfaction with diabetic treatment.

    Time frame: Baseline, 3.5 months, 7 months and 10 months

  9. Count of 2-way contacts among subjects

    Among Group 1 and Group 2 subjects, evaluation in active engagement as assessed by number of 2-way contacts.

    Time frame: 3.5 months and 7 months

  10. Acceptability of referral

    Among Group 1 subjects at baseline 3.5 and 7 months, and Group 2 subjects at 3.5 and 7 months. Participants will be asked 'Did you complete the referral to Virta Health?' Yes/No

    Time frame: Group 1: baseline, 3.5 months and 7 months / Group 2: 3.5 months and 7 months

  11. Acceptability of referral over time

    Among Group 1 subjects at baseline 3.5 and 7 months, and Group 2 subjects at 3.5 and 7 months. Participants will be asked if they are still continuing their treatment with Virta Health.

    Time frame: Group 1: baseline, 3.5 months and 7 months / Group 2: 3.5 months and 7 months

07

Study locations

3 sites
  • Northwest Colorado Health - Community Health Center & Prevention Services Craig
    Craig, Colorado 81625, United States
  • High Plains Community Health Center
    Lamar, Colorado 81052, United States
  • Chaffee County Public and Environmental Health
    Salida, Colorado 81201, United States
08

References and documents

Publications

  • Yaemsiri S, Alfier JM, Moy E, Rossen LM, Bastian B, Bolin J, Ferdinand AO, Callaghan T, Heron M. Healthy People 2020: Rural Areas Lag In Achieving Targets For Major Causes Of Death. Health Aff (Millwood). 2019 Dec;38(12):2027-2031. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.2019.00915. PubMed 31794308 ↗
  • American Diabetes Association. 1. Improving Care and Promoting Health in Populations: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2021. Diabetes Care. 2021 Jan;44(Suppl 1):S7-S14. doi: 10.2337/dc21-S001. PubMed 33298412 ↗
  • Lee JY, Lee SWH. Telemedicine Cost-Effectiveness for Diabetes Management: A Systematic Review. Diabetes Technol Ther. 2018 Jul;20(7):492-500. doi: 10.1089/dia.2018.0098. Epub 2018 May 29. PubMed 29812965 ↗
  • McKenzie AL, Hallberg SJ, Creighton BC, Volk BM, Link TM, Abner MK, Glon RM, McCarter JP, Volek JS, Phinney SD. A Novel Intervention Including Individualized Nutritional Recommendations Reduces Hemoglobin A1c Level, Medication Use, and Weight in Type 2 Diabetes. JMIR Diabetes. 2017 Mar 7;2(1):e5. doi: 10.2196/diabetes.6981. PubMed 30291062 ↗
  • Bhanpuri NH, Hallberg SJ, Williams PT, McKenzie AL, Ballard KD, Campbell WW, McCarter JP, Phinney SD, Volek JS. Cardiovascular disease risk factor responses to a type 2 diabetes care model including nutritional ketosis induced by sustained carbohydrate restriction at 1 year: an open label, non-randomized, controlled study. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2018 May 1;17(1):56. doi: 10.1186/s12933-018-0698-8. PubMed 29712560 ↗
  • Hallberg SJ, McKenzie AL, Williams PT, Bhanpuri NH, Peters AL, Campbell WW, Hazbun TL, Volk BM, McCarter JP, Phinney SD, Volek JS. Author Correction: Effectiveness and Safety of a Novel Care Model for the Management of Type 2 Diabetes at 1 Year: An Open-Label, Non-Randomized, Controlled Study. Diabetes Ther. 2018 Apr;9(2):613-621. doi: 10.1007/s13300-018-0386-4. PubMed 29508274 ↗
  • Krantz MJ, Coronel SM, Whitley EM, Dale R, Yost J, Estacio RO. Effectiveness of a community health worker cardiovascular risk reduction program in public health and health care settings. Am J Public Health. 2013 Jan;103(1):e19-27. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2012.301068. Epub 2012 Nov 15. PubMed 23153152 ↗
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Diabetes Basics: Type 2 diabetes. Page last reviewed: May 30, 2019. https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/basics/type2.html. Accessed 06 January 2021.
  • Kazemian P, Shebl FM, McCann N, Walensky RP, Wexler DJ. Evaluation of the Cascade of Diabetes Care in the United States, 2005-2016. JAMA Intern Med. 2019 Oct 1;179(10):1376-1385. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2019.2396. PubMed 31403657 ↗
  • Stellefson M, Dipnarine K, Stopka C. The chronic care model and diabetes management in US primary care settings: a systematic review. Prev Chronic Dis. 2013;10:E26. doi: 10.5888/pcd10.120180. PubMed 23428085 ↗
  • Egbujie BA, Delobelle PA, Levitt N, Puoane T, Sanders D, van Wyk B. Role of community health workers in type 2 diabetes mellitus self-management: A scoping review. PLoS One. 2018 Jun 1;13(6):e0198424. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198424. eCollection 2018. PubMed 29856846 ↗
  • Understanding Scope and Competencies: A Contemporary Look at the United States Community Health Worker Field: Progress Report of the Community Health Worker (CHW) Core Consensus (C3) Project: Building National Consensus on CHW Core Roles, Skills, and Qualities [Internet], 2016. Available from: http://files.ctctcdn.com/a907c850501/1c1289f0-88cc-49c3-a238-66def942c147.pdf. Accessed 04 November 2020.
  • Lee SWH, Chan CKY, Chua SS, Chaiyakunapruk N. Comparative effectiveness of telemedicine strategies on type 2 diabetes management: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. Sci Rep. 2017 Oct 4;7(1):12680. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-12987-z. PubMed 28978949 ↗
  • Faruque LI, Wiebe N, Ehteshami-Afshar A, Liu Y, Dianati-Maleki N, Hemmelgarn BR, Manns BJ, Tonelli M; Alberta Kidney Disease Network. Effect of telemedicine on glycated hemoglobin in diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials. CMAJ. 2017 Mar 6;189(9):E341-E364. doi: 10.1503/cmaj.150885. Epub 2016 Oct 31. PubMed 27799615 ↗
  • Marcolino MS, Maia JX, Alkmim MB, Boersma E, Ribeiro AL. Telemedicine application in the care of diabetes patients: systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2013 Nov 8;8(11):e79246. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0079246. eCollection 2013. PubMed 24250826 ↗
  • American Diabetes Association. 5. Facilitating Behavior Change and Well-being to Improve Health Outcomes: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2021. Diabetes Care. 2021 Jan;44(Suppl 1):S53-S72. doi: 10.2337/dc21-S005. PubMed 33298416 ↗
  • Sainsbury E, Kizirian NV, Partridge SR, Gill T, Colagiuri S, Gibson AA. Effect of dietary carbohydrate restriction on glycemic control in adults with diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2018 May;139:239-252. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2018.02.026. Epub 2018 Mar 6. PubMed 29522789 ↗
  • Snorgaard O, Poulsen GM, Andersen HK, Astrup A. Systematic review and meta-analysis of dietary carbohydrate restriction in patients with type 2 diabetes. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care. 2017 Feb 23;5(1):e000354. doi: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2016-000354. eCollection 2017. PubMed 28316796 ↗
  • Athinarayanan SJ, Adams RN, Hallberg SJ, McKenzie AL, Bhanpuri NH, Campbell WW, Volek JS, Phinney SD, McCarter JP. Long-Term Effects of a Novel Continuous Remote Care Intervention Including Nutritional Ketosis for the Management of Type 2 Diabetes: A 2-Year Non-randomized Clinical Trial. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2019 Jun 5;10:348. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00348. eCollection 2019. PubMed 31231311 ↗
  • Senn S. Crossover Trials in Clinical Research. (1993) John Wiley & Sons, New York.
  • Littell RC, et al. SASA System for Linear Models. (1991) Third edition, Cary, NC. SAS Institute, Inc.
  • United States Food and Drug Administration. E6(R2) Good Clinical Practice: Integrated Addendum to ICH E6(R1). Guidance for Industry. OMB Control No. 0910-0843. March, 2018

Individual participant data

Plan to share: No

09

Updates

Tracking since Sep 25, 2026
No changes since tracking began. The registry record was last updated on Mar 11, 2025, before this site started recording changes on Sep 25, 2026. Its history is on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗
10

Registry details

Key details

Study ID
NCT04807218
Lead sponsor
Colorado Prevention Center
Collaborators
Virta Health
Responsible party
Sponsor
First posted
Mar 19, 2021
Start date
Mar 2, 2021
Primary completion
Aug 30, 2024
Completion
Aug 30, 2024
Last update
Mar 11, 2025

Study contacts

Cecilia Low Wang, MD
principal investigator · CPC Clinical Research

Oversight

Data monitoring committee
Yes
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
View the source record on ClinicalTrials.gov ↗

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